Paper Chromatography

ForewordI. IntroductionII. TheoryIII. General Methods Method I: Kapillaranalyse Method II: Descending Chromatography Trough Chromatograph Chamber Experimental Procedure Method III: Ascending Chromatography Chromatograph Chamber Filter Paper Rack Experimental Procedure Comments Method IV: Ascending Descending Chromatography Chromatograph Chamber Comments Method V: Filter Paper "Chromatophile" Method VI: "Reversed Phase" Paper Chromatography Method VII: Circular Filter Paper Chromatography Apparatus Experimental Procedure Identification of Zones Method VIII: Microbiological and Enzymatic Methods Method IX: Paper Electrophoresis Paper Chromatography in an Electrical Field Paper ElectrophoresisExperimental Technique Effects of Temperature and Saturation on Paper Chromatograms Filter Paper Application of Sample to Paper Micropipettes Application of Sample Elution of Spots Photoelectric Apparatus Densitometers Ultraviolet SpectrophotometerIV. Quantitative Methods Method I: Visual Comparison Visual Comparison Method after Berry and Cain Method II: Elution Elution Technique after Fowden, Boissonas, and Block Method III: Area of Spot Comment Method IV: Total Color of Spot Total Color Density Modified from Block and Bull Total Color Density According to Rockland Comment Method V: Maximum Color Density Maximum Color Density on Two-Dimensional Paper Chromatograms Maximum Color Density on One-Dimensional Paper Chromatograms Method VI: Area Density Method Method VII: Retention AnalysisV. Amino Acids, Amines and Proteins Section I: Amino Acids and Peptides General Directions Section II: Identification of Dinitrophenyl Amino Acids and Amino Alcohols Dinitrophenyl Derivatives Amino Alcohols Section III: Identification of Amines ?? LEVELLING Solvents Paper Quantities Used Color Reagents Preparation of Sample Comments Section IV: Separation of Proteins Conventional Chromatography Paper ElectrophoresisVI. Carbohydrates Section I: Simple Sugars General Directions Experimental Procedure Section II: Di- and Polysaccharides, Starch and Cellulose Preparation of Samples Detection of Spots Section III: Substituted Sugars General Directions Section IV: Miscellaneous Derived Sugars Sugar Acids Polyhydric AlcoholsVII. Aliphatic Acids and Steroids Section I: Aliphatic Acids General Directions Detailed Experiment Section II: α-Keto Acids General Directions for α-Keto Acids Section III: Steroids General Directions Detailed ExperimentVIII. Purines, Pyrimidines, and Related Substances General Directions Quantities Used Paper Solvents Techniques Used Preparation of Samples Detection and Quantitative Evaluation of SpotsIX. Phenols, Aromatic Acids, and Porphyrins Section I: Phenols and Aromatic Acids General Directions Detailed Experiments Section II: Porphyrins General Directions Detailed ExperimentX. Miscellaneous Organic Substances Experimental Details Adrenaline and Related Compounds Lignin Degradation Products Choline, Ethanolamine and Serine Alkaloids Nicotinic Acid and Related Compounds β-Indole Acetic Acid and Tryptophan Anthraquinone Pigments pH Indicators Flavonoid Pigments Chlorinated Organic Insecticides Pterins Urea, Creatine, Creatinine, and Miscellaneous CompoundsXI. Antibiotics and Vitamins Section I: Antibiotics General Directions Detailed Experiments Section II: Vitamins General Directions Experimental DetailsXII. Inorganic Separations General Directions Quantities Used Paper Solvents Special Techniques Used Preparation of Samples Detection and Determination Experimental Details CommentsBibliographyAuthor IndexSubject Index