Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics

Transport and Rate Processes in Physical, Chemical and Biological Systems

5th Edition - January 1, 2025
Imprint: Elsevier
Authors: Yasar Demirel, Vincent Gerbaud
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 2 2 1 4 9 - 1
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 2 2 1 5 0 - 7

This fully updated and revised fifth edition of Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics: Transport and Rate Processes in Physical, Chemical, and Biological Systems emphasizes the unifying… Read more

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This fully updated and revised fifth edition of Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics: Transport and Rate Processes in Physical, Chemical, and Biological Systems emphasizes the unifying role of thermodynamics and their use in transport processes and chemical reactions in physical, chemical, and biological systems. This reorganized new edition provides thermodynamical approaches for foundational understanding of natural phenomena with multiscale chemical, physical, and biological systems, consisting of interactive processes leading to self-organized dissipative structures, fluctuations, and instabilities. This edition also emphasizes thermodynamic approaches, tools, and techniques, including energy analysis, process intensification, and artificial intelligence, for undertaking sustainable engineering.

This book will be an excellent resource for graduate students and researchers in the fields of engineering, chemistry, physics, energy, biotechnology, and biology, as well as those whose work involves understanding the evolution of nonequilibrium systems, information theory, stochastic processes, and sustainable engineering. This may also be useful to professionals working in irreversibility, dissipative structures, process exergy analysis and thermoeconomics, digitalization in manufacturing, and data processing.

Title of Book
Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Dedication
Preface to the fifth edition
Preface to the fourth edition
List of symbols
Section 1. Fundamentals of thermodynamics
Chapter 1. Fundamentals of equilibrium thermodynamics
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Basic definitions
1.2.1 Systems
1.2.1.1 Systems with microscopic and macroscopic states
1.2.2 Process
1.2.3 Reversible and irreversible processes
1.2.3.1 Some properties of reversible processes
1.2.3.2 Some properties of irreversible processes
1.2.4 Thermodynamic properties
1.2.5 Time derivative of thermodynamic properties
1.2.5.1 Total differential
1.2.5.2 Substantial derivative
1.2.6 Energy
1.2.7 Entropy
1.2.7.1 Boltzmann entropy
1.2.7.2 Gibbs entropy
1.2.8 Equilibrium and stability
1.2.8.1 Various equilibrium states
1.2.9 Arrow of time
1.2.10 Thermodynamic potentials
1.2.11 Statistical ensembles
1.2.12 Chemical potential
1.2.12.1 Chemical potential of nonideal solutions
1.2.12.2 Gradient of chemical potential at constant temperature
1.2.13 Chemical affinity
1.2.14 Joule-Thomson coefficient
1.2.15 Maxwell relations
1.3 Change in thermodynamic properties
1.3.1 Thermal expansion
1.3.2 Isothermal compressibility
1.3.3 Changes in enthalpy, entropy, and volume in terms of temperature and pressure
1.3.4 Change of internal energy and entropy in terms of temperature and volume
1.4 Entropy changes
1.4.1 Throttling process
1.4.2 Entropy change of an ideal gas
1.4.3 Entropy change of phase transformation
1.4.4 Entropy change of expansion of a real gas
1.4.5 Entropy change in a two-compartment system
1.5 Transforming thermodynamic derivatives
1.6 The thermodynamic laws
1.6.1 The zeroth law of thermodynamics
1.6.2 The first law of thermodynamics
1.6.3 The second law of thermodynamics
1.7 Balance equations
1.7.1 Mass balance
1.7.2 Energy balance
1.7.3 Entropy balance
1.8 Euler's theorem
1.9 The Gibbs equation
1.9.1 Gibbs-Duhem relations
1.9.2 Gibbs energy for irreversible process
1.10 Legendre transformations
1.11 The fundamental equations
1.12 Fluid phase equilibrium
1.12.1 The phase rule
1.12.2 The Clapeyron equation
Stage 1 compression
Stage 2 compression
Stage 3 compression
1.12.3 Excess thermodynamic properties
1.12.4 Residual properties
1.12.5 Mixing functions
1.12.6 Fugacity
1.12.7 Activity coefficient models
1.12.8 Vapor-liquid equilibria
1.12.9 Henry's law
1.12.10 Equations of state
1.12.10.1 Intermolecular forces
1.12.11 Virial equation of state
1.12.12 Cubic equations of state
1.12.13 Azeotropes
1.12.14 Osmotic equilibrium
1.12.15 Generalized correlations for gases
Problems
Chapter 2. Fundamentals of nonequilibrium thermodynamics
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Nonequilibrium systems
2.2.1 Thermodynamic branch
2.2.2 Local thermodynamic equilibrium
2.3 Balance equations
2.3.1 The mass balance equations
2.3.2 The momentum balance equations
2.3.3 The energy balance equations
2.3.4 The entropy balance equations
2.4 Entropy production equation
2.4.1 Independent flows and forces
2.4.2 Entropy productions in different tensorial ranks
2.4.3 Curie-Prigogine principle
2.4.4 Rate of entropy production
2.4.5 Dissipation function
2.4.6 Entropy production in stationary states
2.5 Linear nonequilibrium thermodynamic postulates
2.6 Linear phenomenological equations
2.6.1 Flows
2.6.2 Thermodynamic forces
2.6.3 Nonlinear flow and forces relations
2.6.4 Onsager's relations
2.6.5 Transformation of forces and flows
2.6.6 Validity of linear phenomenological equations
2.7 Time variation of entropy production
2.8 Minimum entropy production
2.8.1 Entropy production in viscous flow
2.8.2 Entropy production in heat conduction
2.8.3 Entropy production in molar and mass diffusion
2.8.4 Entropy production in an electrical circuit
Problems
Chapter 3. Nonequilibrium thermodynamics approaches
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Kinetic approach
3.3 Microscopic and macroscopic domains
3.4 Boltzmann's H-theorem
3.5 Network thermodynamics with bond graph methodology
3.6 Mosaic nonequilibrium thermodynamics
3.7 Rational thermodynamics
3.8 Shortcomings of classical nonequilibrium thermodynamics
3.9 Extended nonequilibrium thermodynamics
3.9.1 Some considerations
3.9.2 Extended nonequilibrium polymer solutions
3.10 GENERIC metriplectic formulation
3.11 Matrix model
3.12 Internal variables
3.13 Mesoscopic nonequilibrium thermodynamics
3.14 Fluctuation theorems
3.15 Quantum thermodynamics
Section 2. Fundamentals of coupled transport and rate processes
Chapter 4. Transport phenomena and chemical reactions
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Transport phenomena
4.2.1 Transport coefficients
4.3 Momentum transfer
4.3.1 Newtonian fluids
4.3.2 Non-Newtonian fluids
4.3.3 Estimation of viscosity of gases at low density
4.3.4 Effect of pressure and temperature on viscosity of gases
4.3.5 Estimation of viscosity of pure liquids
4.3.6 Estimation of viscosity in suspension and slurry
4.4 Heat transfer
4.4.1 Combined energy flow
4.4.2 Thermal diffusivity
4.4.3 Estimation of thermal conductivity
4.4.4 Thermal conductivity of gases at low density
4.4.5 Estimation of thermal conductivity of pure liquids
4.4.6 Effective thermal conductivity in solids
4.4.7 The relaxation theory
4.5 Mass transfer
4.5.1 Estimation of diffusivities
4.5.2 Effect of temperature and pressure on diffusivity
4.5.3 Diffusion in liquids
4.5.4 Diffusivity in liquids
4.6 Maxwell–Stefan equation
4.7 Generalized matrix method
4.7.1 Diffusion in mixtures of ideal gases
4.7.2 Diffusion in nonideal mixtures
4.8 Diffusion in meso- and macro-porous media
4.8.1 Gas diffusion
4.8.2 Diffusion in liquids
4.9 Diffusion of biological solutes in liquids
4.9.1 Prediction of diffusivities of biological solutes
4.9.2 Diffusion in biological gels
4.10 Diffusion in colloidal suspensions
4.11 Diffusion in polymers
4.12 Diffusion in inhomogeneous and anisotropic media
4.13 Electric charge flow
4.13.1 Mobility
4.13.2 Diffusion in electrolyte systems
4.14 Chemical reactions
4.14.1 Enthalpy of chemical reactions
4.14.2 The principle of detailed balance
4.14.3 Phenomenological approach for chemical reactions
4.14.4 Dissipation for chemical reactions
Problems
Chapter 5. Coupled transport phenomena and chemical processes
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Coupled transport and rate processes
5.3 Coupled heat and fluid flows
5.4 Coupled heat and mass transfer
5.4.1 Combined energy flow
5.4.2 Generalized flows and thermodynamic forces
5.4.3 Heat and mass flows at mechanical equilibrium
5.4.4 Soret effect
5.4.4.1 Separation by thermal diffusion
5.4.4.2 Soret coefficients for aqueous polyethylene glycol solutions
5.4.5 Dufour effect
5.4.6 Heat of transport
5.4.7 Heat and mass transfer in discontinuous systems
5.4.8 Degree of coupling
5.4.8.1 Transport coefficients and degree of coupling
5.4.8.2 Dissipation function and degree of coupling
5.5 Coupled phenomena in multicomponent systems
5.5.1 Coupled heat and diffusion systems
5.5.2 Diffusion in gases
5.5.3 Diffusion in liquid and dense gases
5.5.4 Diffusion for nonisothermal systems
5.5.5 Effective diffusivity
5.6 Balance equations for coupled mass and heat transfer
5.6.1 Binary mixtures
5.6.2 Multicomponent mixtures
5.7 Other coupled systems
5.7.1 Thermoelectric effects
5.7.1.1 Seebeck effect
5.7.1.2 Peltier effect
5.7.1.3 Thomson heat
5.7.1.4 Flows and forces in a bimetallic circuit
5.7.2 Electrokinetic effects
5.7.2.1 Electrophoresis
5.7.2.2 Electroosmosis
5.7.2.3 Streaming current
5.7.2.4 Streaming potential
5.7.2.5 Sedimentation potential
5.7.3 Thermomechanical effect
5.7.3.1 Thermal effusion
5.7.3.2 Thermomolecular pressure
5.7.3.3 Thermoosmosis and thermal filtration
5.7.3.4 Osmotic pressure and temperature
5.7.3.5 Methods used for thermomechanical coupling analysis
5.7.3.6 Applications of thermomechanical coupling effect
5.7.4 Chemiosmosis
5.7.5 Membrane potential
5.7.6 Hyperfiltration
5.8 Multiple chemical reactions
5.8.1 Energy conversion efficiency
5.8.2 Entropy production
5.9 Nonisothermal uncoupled reaction-diffusion systems
5.9.1 Balance equations
5.9.2 Mass and energy balances with reaction
5.9.3 Effectiveness factor
5.9.4 External resistance of heat and mass transfer
5.10 Thermodynamic coupling in nonisothermal reaction-diffusion systems
5.10.1 Balance equations for isotropic coupling
5.10.2 Linear phenomenological equations from entropy production rate
5.10.3 Phenomenological coefficients
5.10.4 Determination of cross-phenomenological coefficients
5.10.5 Degree of coupling
5.10.6 Efficiency of energy conversion of a reaction-diffusion system
5.10.7 Coupled chemical reaction system with coupled heat and mass flows
5.10.8 Evolution of coupled systems
5.11 Phenomenological approach in electrolyte systems with chemical reaction
Problems
Chapter 6. Membrane transport
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Membrane equilibrium
6.3 Gas permeation under pressure gradient
6.4 Phenomenological analysis membrane transport
6.4.1 Entropy production during membrane transport
6.4.2 Isothermal osmosis
6.4.3 Two-flow systems
6.4.4 Thermal osmosis
6.4.5 Transport coefficients
6.4.6 Measurements of transport coefficients
6.5 Electrokinetics
6.5.1 Transport coefficients for electrokinetics
6.6 Facilitated and active transports in membranes
6.6.1 Liquid membranes
6.6.2 Active transport
6.6.3 Reaction-diffusion in biomembranes
6.6.4 Phenomenological equations for active transport
Problems
Section 3. Biological systems
Chapter 7. Thermodynamics and biological systems
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Simplified analysis in living systems
7.2.1 Biological fuels
7.3 Bioenergetics
7.3.1 Mitochondria
7.3.2 Tricarboxylic acid cycle
7.3.3 Oxidative phosphorylation
7.3.4 Glycolysis pathway
7.3.5 Transport processes and mitochondria
7.3.6 Microbial growth
7.3.7 Photosynthesis
7.4 Thermodynamic formulation of oxidative phosphorylation
7.5 Metabolic pathways
7.5.1 Metabolic control analysis
7.5.2 Thermodynamics of metabolic control analysis
7.5.3 Entropy production in living cells
7.5.4 Complex systems in cell biology
7.5.5 Multiple inflection points
7.6 Thermodynamic coupling in mitochondria
7.6.1 Degree of coupling in oxidative phosphorylation
7.6.2 Efficiency of energy conversion
7.6.3 Dissipation with conductance matching
7.7 Regulations in bioenergetics
7.7.1 Variation of coupling
7.7.2 Uncoupling
7.7.3 Slippages and leaks
7.7.4 Aging and biochemical cycle deficiencies
7.8 Reaction-diffusion systems
7.8.1 Effective diffusivity of cellular systems
7.8.2 Facilitated transport
7.8.3 Kinetic formulation for facilitated transport
7.8.4 Thermodynamic approach for facilitated transport
7.8.5 Active transport in living cells
7.8.6 Phenomenological equations for active transport
7.8.7 Degree of coupling for active transport
7.8.8 Active transport and energy conversions
7.8.9 Thermodynamics model of a calcium pump with slips
7.9 Potassium channels
7.10 Molecular machines
7.11 Molecular evolution
7.12 Biochemical reaction networks
7.12.1 Michaelis–Menten kinetics
7.12.2 Schlögl's model
Problems
Section 4. Organized structures
Chapter 8. Stability analysis
8.1 Introduction
8.2 The Gibbs stability theory
8.2.1 Thermal stability
8.2.2 Mechanical stability
8.2.3 Stability in diffusion
8.2.4 Stability in chemical reactions
8.2.5 General stability condition
8.2.6 Phase stability
8.2.7 Lyapunov stability
8.3 Stability and entropy production
8.4 Thermodynamic fluctuations
8.5 Stability in nonequilibrium systems
8.5.1 Stability of stationary states
8.5.2 Evolution criterion
8.6 Linear stability analysis
Problems
Chapter 9. Organized systems
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Equilibrium and nonequilibrium structures
9.2.1 Entropy and organization
9.2.2 Self-assembly and self-organization
9.2.3 Self-organized criticality
9.2.4 Time evolution of self-organized criticality
9.2.5 Self-organization and self-organized criticality
9.2.6 Mechanisms of self-organized criticality
9.2.7 Entropy production and self-organized criticality
9.2.8 Extremums of entropy production
9.2.9 Self-organized criticality in living systems
9.2.10 Ecosystems
9.2.11 Order in ecosystems
9.3 Bifurcation
9.4 Limit cycle
9.5 Order in physical structures
9.5.1 Order in convection: Bénard cells
9.6 Order in chemical systems
9.6.1 The Brusselator system
9.6.2 The limit cycle in the Brusselator model
9.6.3 The Brusselator model with diffusion
9.6.4 The Brusselator under nonisothermal conditions
9.6.5 The Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction scheme
9.6.6 The Lengyel-Epstein model
9.7 Biological structures
9.7.1 Reaction-diffusion systems: Turing patterns
9.7.2 Chiral symmetry breaking
9.7.3 Lotka-Volterra model
9.7.4 Stability properties of Lotka-Volterra equations
9.8 Constructal law
Problems
Section 5. Stochastic systems
Chapter 10. Probabilistic approaches in thermodynamics
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Statistical thermodynamics
10.2.1 Microstates
10.2.2 Statistical ensemble
10.2.3 The Boltzmann energy distribution
10.2.4 Partition function and macroscopic thermodynamic properties
10.2.5 Equations of state from partition function
10.2.6 Coarse graining
10.3 Stochastic thermodynamics
10.3.1 Langevin equation
10.3.2 Fokker-Planck equation
10.3.3 Generalized Fokker-Planck equation
10.3.4 Nonequilibrium steady state
10.3.5 Stochastic energy and entropy
10.3.6 Generalized Jarzynski equality
10.4 Fluctuation theorems
10.4.1 Transient fluctuation theorems
10.4.2 Steady-state fluctuation theorems
10.4.3 Crooks fluctuation theorem
10.4.4 Integral fluctuation theorem
10.4.5 Detailed fluctuation theorem
10.4.6 The multivariate fluctuation relation
10.4.7 Fluctuation-dissipation theorem
10.5 Thermodynamics and information
10.5.1 Information theory
10.5.2 Transfer and storage of information
10.5.3 Source coding
10.5.4 Information and entropy
10.5.5 Average mutual information
10.5.6 Channel capacity in communication
10.5.7 Maximum information entropy
10.5.8 Information capacity and exergy
10.5.9 Thermodynamics and information processing
10.5.10 Mutual information and the second law
10.5.11 Fluctuation theorems and information
10.5.12 Cost of measurement
10.5.13 Information and biological systems
10.6 Self-organized criticality
10.6.1 Information processing at criticality
10.6.2 Logical and thermodynamic irreversibility
10.6.3 Logical reversible gates
10.7 Biomolecules
10.7.1 Enzymes
10.7.2 Entropy production of enzyme trajectory
10.7.3 Stochastic model equations of biochemical cycles
10.7.4 Biochemical network dynamics
10.7.5 Molecular motors
10.7.6 Efficiency of energy coupling
10.7.7 Stochastic transition
10.8 Applications in nonequilibrium thermodynamics
10.8.1 Process intensification
10.8.2 Molecular machines
10.8.3 Fluctuation theory and biomolecules
10.8.4 The extended fluctuation theory
10.8.5 Thermodynamic inference
10.8.6 The Fluctuation theory and the effective temperature
10.9 Statistical rate theory
10.10 Quantum thermodynamics
10.10.1 Laws of thermodynamics in quantum regime
10.10.2 Phenomenological thermodynamics
10.10.3 Microscopic choice for entropy
10.10.3.1 The Shannon and von Neumann entropy
10.10.3.2 Boltzmann entropy
10.10.3.3 Observational entropy
10.10.4 Nonequilibrium temperature
10.10.5 Thermal state
10.10.6 Equilibration
10.10.7 Thermalization
10.10.8 Absence of thermalization and many-body localization
10.10.9 Integrability
10.10.10 Quantum information theory
10.10.11 Statistical mechanics and quantum theory
10.10.12 Resource theories
10.10.13 Logical operations
10.10.14 Using thermodynamics for quantumness
10.10.15 Quantum fluctuation relations and quantum information
10.10.16 Entropy production, relative entropy and correlations
10.10.17 Quantum thermal machines
10.10.18 Quantum thermodynamic signatures
10.10.19 Stationary entanglement
10.10.20 Coherence
10.10.21 Quantum fluctuating work and heat
10.10.22 Quantum dynamics—Generic quantum maps
Section 6. Sustainable engineering
Chapter 11. Sustainable engineering and thermodynamics
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Sustainability
11.3 Thermodynamic concepts in the fields of economics, environmental, and social sciences
11.3.1 Thermodynamics and economic theories
11.3.2 Material flow analysis in economics
11.3.3 Selecting operating points
11.3.4 Thermodynamic concepts in the fields of environmental sciences
11.3.5 Global warming potential
11.3.6 Life cycle analysis
11.3.7 Thermodynamic concepts in the fields of social sciences
11.4 Sustainable engineering
11.4.1 Sustainability indices and metrics
11.4.2 Measurement of sustainability
11.5 Sustainable engineering techniques
11.5.1 Energy and exergy analysis
11.5.2 Process intensification
11.5.3 Artificial intelligence
11.5.4 Integrated sustainability, resilience, agility, and digitalization
11.6 Energy targets
11.6.1 Pinch analysis
11.6.2 Utility load allocation method
11.6.3 Process energy targets and heat exchanger network synthesis
11.6.4 Optimal distillation column
11.7 Energy integration
11.7.1 Petlyuk column
11.7.2 Heat integration in a biodiesel plant
11.8 Process intensification
11.8.1 Process intensification principles
11.8.2 Process intensification domains
11.8.3 Process intensification strategies
11.8.4 Process intensification techniques
11.8.5 Intensification factor
11.8.6 Thermodynamic method for modeling
11.8.7 Industry I4.0
11.8.8 Six-sigma analysis
11.8.8.1 Probability density function and defects
11.8.8.2 Capacity lost in manufacturing due to defects
11.8.8.3 Procedures to improve performance and reduce defects
11.8.8.4 Lean six sigma analysis and Industry 4.0
11.8.9 Intensification in units
11.8.9.1 Advanced separation systems
11.8.9.2 Distillation columns
11.8.9.3 Advanced reactors
11.8.10 Intensification in plants
11.8.10.1 Plant optimization
11.8.10.2 Green engineering processes
11.8.10.3 Internet of things (IoT)-based energy management
11.8.10.4 Digitalization and I4.0
11.9 Artificial intelligence
11.9.1 Artificial intelligence and thermodynamics
11.9.2 Machine learning
11.9.3 Thermodynamics artificial intelligence
11.9.3.1 Key concepts of thermodynamic AI
11.9.3.2 Maxwell's demon as a way of handling complex entropy dynamics in AI applications
11.9.3.3 Constructing the MD device
11.9.4 Applications of thermodynamic AI
11.9.4.1 Thermodynamic diffusion models
11.9.4.2 Thermodynamic deep learning
11.9.4.3 Thermodynamic Monte Carlo
11.9.4.4 Thermodynamic annealing
11.9.4.5 Quantum computing
Problems
Chapter 12. Thermodynamic analysis
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Lost work, exergy loss and entropy production
12.3 Thermodynamic optimization
12.4 Reversible and irreversible engine
12.4.1 Reversible engine
12.4.2 Endoreversible finite-time operation
12.4.3 Efficiency and usage
12.4.4 Isentropic operation
12.5 Equipartition principle
12.5.1 Equipartition in multiple stage compressor
12.5.2 Equipartition in heat exchangers and other contactors
12.5.3 Equipartition in chemical reactors
12.5.4 Equipartition in distillation columns
12.6 Overview of exergy analysis
12.6.1 Flow exergy
12.6.2 Exergy transfer
12.6.3 Exergy of light
12.6.4 Exergy balance
12.6.5 Chemical exergy
12.6.6 Exergy of reaction
12.6.7 Exergy in thermal nonequilibrium
12.6.8 Extended exergy analysis
12.7 Exergy analysis for processes
12.7.1 Exergetic efficiency
12.7.2 Exergy analysis of power generation and steam engines
12.7.3 Exergy analysis of distillation columns
12.7.3.1 Column exergy loss profiles
12.7.3.2 Column exergy efficiency
12.7.3.3 Lost work of separation
12.7.4 Crude oil refinery operation
12.7.4.1 Exergy loss
12.7.4.2 Heat exchanger network system
12.8 Exergy use in bioenergetics
12.8.1 Exergy efficiency and degree of coupling
12.8.2 Exergy losses
12.8.3 Exergy loss with a load
Problems
Chapter 13. Thermoeconomics
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Thermodynamic analysis and thermoeconomics
13.3 Thermodynamic cost
13.3.1 Exergy cost
13.3.2 Cumulative exergy consumption
13.3.3 Cumulative degree of thermodynamic perfection
13.3.4 Cumulative exergy loss
13.3.5 Local gross exergy consumption
13.3.6 Exergy destruction number
13.4 Ecological cost
13.4.1 Index of ecological cost
13.5 Exhaustion of nonrenewable resources
13.6 Structural cost analysis
13.6.1 Thermoeconomics of latent heat storage
Problems
Appendix A. Tensors
Appendix B. Thermochemical parameters
Appendix C. Some biochemical reaction properties
Appendix D. Gas properties
Appendix E. The Lee/Kesler generalized-correlation tables
Index

Yasar Demirel

Dr. Yaşar Demirel earned his PhD degree in Chemical Engineering from the University of Birmingham, UK in 1981. He carried out research and scholarly work at the University of Delaware between 1999 and 2001. He worked at Virginia Tech in Blacksburg as a visiting professor between 2002 and 2006. Currently, he is a professor in the Department of Chemical Biomolecular Engineering at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln. He has accumulated broad teaching and research experience over the years in diverse fields of engineering. Dr. Demirel authored and co-authored 11 books, four book chapters, and more than 170 research papers. The fourth edition of Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics was published in 2019. The third edition of the book titled “Energy: Production, Conversion, Storage, Conservation, and Coupling” was published in 2021. He co-authored the book “Sustainable Engineering” to be published in early 2023 by CRC Press, Taylor & Francis. He has obtained several awards and scholarships and presented invited seminars.

Affiliations and expertise

University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Nebraska, United States

Vincent Gerbaud

Dr. Vincent Gerbaud obtained a MSc in Chemical Engineering in 1992 from UMASS, USA and earned his PhD degree in Chemical Engineering in 1996 from the Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse, France. He joined the French National Scientific Research Center CNRS at Laboratoire de Génie Chimique in Toulouse in 1998 where was promoted research director in 2012. He was the Head of the French GDR CNRS Thermodynamic group from 2014 to 2020. His research field concerns modelling and simulation in process system engineering with a special focus on bridging molecular scales to macro and mega scales systems. Building upon Edgar Morin's paradigm of "la pensée complexe" and combining process system and model-driven engineering concepts with equilibrium and nonequilibrium thermodynamic principles, he addresses with a holistic approach the modelling of complex systems in areas related to engineering connected with macro economy, environmental and social sciences. Dr. Gerbaud co-authored the fourth edition of Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics with Dr. Demirel, and 6 book chapters, 100 research papers and his work led to 6 specialized software. He has contributed to promote innovative teaching and learning in engineering classes based on activities of e-learning, writing reflective portfolio and designing mind maps among others tools.

Affiliations and expertise

Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INP, UPS, Toulouse, France

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

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