SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
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In our industrialized world, we are surrounded by occupational, recreational, and environmental noise. Very loud noise damages the inner-ear receptors and results in hearing loss,… Read more
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
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Preface
Abbreviations
Chapter 1. Introduction
1.1 Discovery of Noise as a Cause of Hearing Loss
1.2 Experimental Studies in Animals and the Establishment of the Neural Substrates of Hearing
1.3 Towards the Estimation of Exposure Levels not Causing Permanent Hearing Loss
1.4 Towards Legal Limits of Occupational Noise Exposure Levels
1.5 The Surging Manifestation of Recreational Noise
1.6 The Emergence of Noise Annoyance
1.7 Long-Term Exposure to Sound at Levels Well below the Legal Limits Causes Changes in the Central Auditory System
1.8 The Need to Move beyond Threshold Audiometry as an Indicator of Safe Exposure Levels
1.9 Prevention as the Best Solution
References
Chapter 2. Epidemiology, Etiology and Genetics of Hearing Problems
2.1 Epidemiology and Etiology
2.2 Genetic Basis of NIHL
2.3 Summary
References
Chapter 3. Neural Substrates of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss
3.1 Structural Changes in the Auditory System Following Noise Trauma
3.2 Behavioral and Neural Changes
3.3 Molecular Changes
3.4 Summary
References
Chapter 4. Effects of Nondamaging Sound on the Developing Brain
4.1 Animal Studies
4.2 Human Studies
4.3 Effects of Noise on School-Age Children
4.4 Music and Music Training
4.5 Detection of Affected Brains
4.6 Summary
References
Chapter 5. Effects of Deafness on the Young Brain
5.1 Overview
5.2 Newborn Hearing Screening
5.3 Effects of Sensorineural Hearing Loss
5.4 Conductive Hearing Loss
5.5 Effects of Cochlear Implantation
5.6 Performance in Early and Late Implanted Children
5.7 Summary
References
Chapter 6. Speech Understanding in Noise
6.1 Effects of Noise and Reverberation on Speech Perception: Role of Age
6.2 Adult Hearing in Noise
6.3 Aging and Speech Perception
6.4 Electrophysiology and Imaging
6.5 Summary
References
Chapter 7. Effects of “Nondamaging Sound” on the Adult Auditory Brain
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Auditory Plasticity in Human Adults
7.3 Animal Studies of Adult Auditory Plasticity
7.4 Brain Changes Following Long-Term Exposure to “Safe” Noise Levels
7.5 Putative Mechanisms and Implications for Clinical Audiology
7.6 Summary
References
Chapter 8. Noise and the Aging Brain
8.1 Causes of Aging
8.2 Age-Related Hearing Impairment and Presbycusis
8.3 Animal Models for Age-Related Hearing Impairment
8.4 Neural Transmitter and Receptor Changes with Age
8.5 Genetics of Presbycusis
8.6 Psychological Aspects
8.7 Comparison of ARHI with NIHL
8.8 Summary
References
Chapter 9. Music and the Brain
9.1 The “Good” Aspects of Music
9.2 Music and Language
9.3 The “Bad” Aspects of Music
9.4 Benefit of Music after All?
9.5 Summary
References
Chapter 10. Nonauditory Effects of Noise
10.1 Annoyance
10.2 Stress
10.3 Sleep
10.4 Cardiovascular Effects
10.5 What Causes the Nonauditory Effects of Noise?
10.6 Summary
References
Chapter 11. Noise in the Brain
11.1 Phantom Sounds
11.2 Relationship to NIHL and ARHI
11.3 Where in the Brain is Tinnitus?
11.4 Listening to Tinnitus
11.5 Nonauditory Effects of Tinnitus
11.6 Similarities of Tinnitus and Environmental Sound Effects on the Brain
11.7 Summary
References
Chapter 12. Protection Against Noise-Induced Brain Changes: Are there Safe Noise Levels?
12.1 Drug-Based Protection
12.2 Sound-Based Protection
12.3 The Role of the Olivocochlear Bundle in Protection
12.4 Short Duration Stress Protects
12.5 Hormonal Factors
12.6 Delaying Age-Related Hearing Loss
12.7 Earlier Diagnosis to Reduce the Impact
12.8 Hearing Protection Devices
12.9 Changing the Attitudes about Noise
12.10 Introducing New Legal Standards?
12.11 Summary
References
Index
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