Nickel Base Single Crystals Across Length Scales
- 1st Edition - September 28, 2021
- Imprint: Elsevier
- Editors: Loeïz Nazé, Vincent Maurel, Gunther Eggeler, Jonathan Cormier, Georges Cailletaud
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 9 3 5 7 - 0
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 9 3 5 8 - 7
Nickel Base Single Crystals Across Length Scales is addresses the most advanced knowledge in metallurgy and computational mechanics and how they are applied to superalloys used a… Read more
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Request a sales quoteNickel Base Single Crystals Across Length Scales is addresses the most advanced knowledge in metallurgy and computational mechanics and how they are applied to superalloys used as bare materials or with a thermal barrier coating system. Joining both aspects, the book helps readers understand the mechanisms driving properties and their evolution from fundamental to application level. These guidelines are helpful for students and researchers who wish to understand issues and solutions, optimize materials, and model them in a cross-check analysis, from the atomistic to component scale. The book is useful for students and engineers as it explores processing, characterization and design.
- Provides an up-to-date overview on the field of superalloys
- Covers the relationship between microstructural evolution and mechanical behavior at high temperatures
- Discusses both basic and advanced modeling and characterization techniques
- Includes case studies that illustrate the application of techniques presented in the book
Engineers, scientists and students in the fields of: Materials Engineering, Material Science, Mechanics and Mechanical Engineers
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- List of contributors
- Foreword: Ni-base superalloy single crystals, a fascinating class of high temperature engineering materials
- Bibliography
- Part I: Introduction and basics
- Chapter 1: Past, present, and future of SX superalloys
- Abstract
- 1.1. Introduction
- 1.2. Implementation of Ni-base alloys in the industry (1880–1940)
- 1.3. Superalloy development for aeronautical applications (1940–1960)
- 1.4. Microstructure monitoring in cast superalloys (1960–1980)
- 1.5. The “Golden Age” of SX Ni-base superalloys (1980–2005)
- 1.6. Beyond present industrial Ni-base SX (2005–)
- Bibliography
- Chapter 2: Fundamentals: alloy thermodynamics and kinetics of diffusion
- Abstract
- 2.1. General considerations
- 2.2. Thermodynamics of multicomponent multiphase systems and the CALPHAD method of CALculating PHase Diagrams
- 2.3. Multicomponent diffusion
- 2.4. Conclusion
- Bibliography
- Chapter 3: Crystal orientation and elastic properties
- Abstract
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. Euler angles and rotation matrices
- 3.3. Representations of the elastic stiffness for cubic symmetry
- 3.4. Application to the tension test
- 3.5. The shear coefficients
- 3.6. Determination of the elastic stiffness components
- 3.7. The elastic properties of the isolated γ and γ′ phases
- Bibliography
- Chapter 4: Microstructure and chemical characterization
- Abstract
- Glossary
- Acknowledgements
- 4.1. General description of the microstructure
- 4.2. Microstructure characterization studied from the macroscopic to microscopic scale
- 4.3. Crystal structure defects' observation and characterization
- 4.4. Conclusion
- Bibliography
- Chapter 5: Mechanical characterization at high temperature
- Abstract
- 5.1. Introduction
- 5.2. Environment effects in testing at high temperatures
- 5.3. Uniaxial testing under isothermal conditions
- 5.4. Multiaxial loading under isothermal conditions
- 5.5. Nonisothermal loading
- 5.6. Small-scale testing
- 5.7. In-situ testing by means of high energy radiation
- 5.8. Damage and crack characterization
- Bibliography
- Chapter 6: Elementary deformation processes in high temperature plasticity of Ni- and Co-base single-crystal superalloys with γ/γ′ microstructures
- Abstract
- 6.1. Introduction and focus
- 6.2. Fundamentals
- 6.3. Yield phenomena
- 6.4. Creep
- 6.5. Summary and strategies to improve mechanical properties
- Bibliography
- Part II: Building SX parts
- Chapter 7: Processing of directionally cast nickel-base superalloys: solidification and heat treatments
- Abstract
- Acknowledgements
- 7.1. Introduction
- 7.2. Directional solidification and related defects
- 7.3. Heat treatments and microstructure optimizations
- 7.4. Mechanical properties sensitivity to the processing parameters
- 7.5. Conclusions
- Bibliography
- Chapter 8: Aging
- Abstract
- 8.1. Microstructure evolution in the bulk and effect on the mechanical performance
- 8.2. Oxidation, diffusion, and mechanical coupling for bare and coated SX superalloy
- Bibliography
- Chapter 9: Refurbishment
- Abstract
- Acknowledgements
- 9.1. Introduction
- 9.2. Refurbishment
- 9.3. Cleaning
- 9.4. Fluoride ion cleaning (FIC)
- 9.5. Patching and brazing
- 9.6. Redimensioning
- 9.7. Rejuvenation
- 9.8. Recoating
- 9.9. Conclusions
- Bibliography
- Chapter 10: Coated single crystal superalloys: processing, characterization, and modeling of protective coatings
- Abstract
- Glossary
- 10.1. Introduction
- 10.2. Innovative materials and coating processes
- 10.3. Characterizing properties of protective coating systems
- 10.4. Properties of protective coating systems
- 10.5. Evolution of TBC microstructure and associated damage under thermal and thermo-mechanical loads
- 10.6. Challenges due to ingested mineral particles CMAS
- 10.7. Modeling issues
- Bibliography
- Part III: Appropriate scale modeling, scale bridging methods
- Chapter 11: Atomic-scale modeling of superalloys
- Abstract
- Acknowledgements
- 11.1. Introduction
- 11.2. Methods
- 11.3. Thermodynamic stability
- 11.4. Point defects
- 11.5. Line defects
- 11.6. Interfaces and planar defects
- 11.7. Microstructure and defect–defect interactions
- 11.8. Limitations of atomistic simulations for superalloy design
- 11.9. Summary: modeling Ni-base superalloys from electrons to microstructures
- Bibliography
- Chapter 12: Discrete dislocation dynamics
- Abstract
- 12.1. Introduction
- 12.2. Modeling multiphase materials with DDD
- 12.3. Modeling high temperature dislocation properties with DDD
- 12.4. 3D-DDD simulations of Ni-base alloys
- Bibliography
- Chapter 13: Phase field models for modeling microstructure evolution in single-crystal Ni-base superalloys
- Abstract
- Acknowledgements
- 13.1. Introduction
- 13.2. Cuboidal microstructures in Ni-base superalloys
- 13.3. Microstructure evolution under stress: extension to continuous plasticity
- 13.4. Microstructure evolution under stress: plasticity with individual dislocations
- 13.5. Perspectives
- Bibliography
- Chapter 14: Crystal plasticity models: dislocation based
- Abstract
- 14.1. Introduction
- 14.2. From individual dislocations to continuum plasticity
- 14.3. Estimation of local stresses
- 14.4. Dislocation-based crystal plasticity models
- 14.5. Comparison of some published crystal plasticity models for Ni-base single crystals
- Bibliography
- Chapter 15: Crystal plasticity models: phenomenological approach
- Abstract
- Acknowledgements
- 15.1. Introduction
- 15.2. Generic formulation
- 15.3. Anatomy of the general model formulation
- 15.4. Applications
- Bibliography
- Chapter 16: Crystal plasticity and damage at cracks and notches in nickel-base single-crystal superalloys
- Abstract
- 16.1. Introduction
- 16.2. Crystal plasticity at a crack tip in single crystals
- 16.3. Slip and kink banding at notches in single crystals
- 16.4. Continuum damage modeling of single-crystal superalloys
- 16.5. Conclusions and prospects
- Bibliography
- Part IV: Application to engineering cases
- Chapter 17: Implementation of constitutive equations for single crystals in finite element codes
- Abstract
- Glossary
- 17.1. General form for the constitutive equations
- 17.2. A small strain constitutive model for single crystals
- 17.3. A finite-strain constitutive model for single crystals
- 17.4. Applications to a single-crystal turbine blade and a cylinder under torsion
- 17.5. Extensions of constitutive equations: a reduced micromorphic model for single crystals
- Bibliography
- Bibliography
- Bibliography
- Subject index
- Edition: 1
- Published: September 28, 2021
- No. of pages (Paperback): 610
- No. of pages (eBook): 610
- Imprint: Elsevier
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN: 9780128193570
- eBook ISBN: 9780128193587
LN
Loeïz Nazé
Professor Loeïz Nazé is an associate professor at the Mines ParisTech in the Materials Center. His areas of expertise include metallurgy and crystallography and his current areas of research include metallurgy, microstructures, and plastic deformation. Professor Naze studied engineering at the Lille University School of Engineering.
Affiliations and expertise
Associate Professor, Mines ParisTech, FranceVM
Vincent Maurel
Vincent Maurel, Ph.D. is a senior scientist with the Centre des Materiaux at the MINES Paris Tech. His areas of research include fatigue of materials at high temperature, mono and poly-crystalline superalloys, and analysis of coatings for turbine blades.
Affiliations and expertise
Senior Scientist, Centre des Materiaux, Mines ParisTech, FranceGE
Gunther Eggeler
Gunther Eggeler is Chair of the Materials Science and Engineering at Ruht-Universitate Bochum. Since 2012 he is director of the collaborative research centre SFB/Transregio 103 - From Atoms to Turbine Blades - Scientific Basis for a new Generation of Single Crystal Super Alloys. From 2000 to 2011 he served as director of the collaborative research centre SFB 459 - Formgedächtnistechnik (Shape Memory Technology). He is member of the scientific advisory boards of ICOMAT (International Conference on Martensitic Transformations) and ESOMAT (European Symposium on Martensitic Transformations). He is leader of a high temperature materials research group at the Max Planck Institut für Eisenforschung (MPIE) and full member of the North Rhine Westphalian Academy of Sciences. As material scientist Gunther Eggeler studies elementary microstructural processes which govern the deformation and transformation behaviour of structural and functional engineering materials
Affiliations and expertise
Chair for Materials Science and Engineering, Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, GermanyJC
Jonathan Cormier
Jonathan Cormier, Ph.D is He is an Associate Professor at ISAE-ENSMA. His current research focusses on Mechanical behavior of cast and forged Ni-based superalloys (isothermal and non-isothermal creep, fatigue, Thermo-mechanical fatigue); Damage processes and crack initiation in Ni-based alloys; Microstructure-Mechanical properties of superalloys; Constitutive modeling of the inelastic behavior of Ni-based alloys; Burner rig testing; durability of Thermal Barrier Coating systems. He currently serves as an editor of the Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, B and E journals and was the recipient of the Jean-Rist Medal in 2015.
Affiliations and expertise
Associate Professor, ISAE-ENSMA, FranceGC
Georges Cailletaud
Georges Cailletaud is a Professor at Mines ParisTech, a position he has held since 1994. He served as Director of the CNRS research unit at Centre des Matériaux (2006-2011) and deputy Director of the Department of Mechanics and Materials at Mines ParisTech (2008-2011). His main contributions deal with material modeling at various scales, specifically plastic and viscoplastic formulations for isothermal and non-isothermal loading, with crystal plasticity applied to single crystal and polycrystalline agregates, with damage development and crack initiation models. His work includes the developments of the model themselves and of the numerical methods needed for the numerical implementation in finite element codes. He is the author of two books.
Affiliations and expertise
Professor, Mines Paris Tech, FranceRead Nickel Base Single Crystals Across Length Scales on ScienceDirect