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New and Future Developments in Catalysis
Solar Photocatalysis
1st Edition - July 19, 2013
Editor: Steven L Suib
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 4 - 5 3 8 7 2 - 7
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 4 - 5 3 8 7 3 - 4
New and Future Developments in Catalysis is a package of seven books that compile the latest ideas concerning alternate and renewable energy sources and the role that catalysis… Read more
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New and Future Developments in Catalysis is a package of seven books that compile the latest ideas concerning alternate and renewable energy sources and the role that catalysis plays in converting new renewable feedstock into biofuels and biochemicals. Both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts and catalytic processes will be discussed in a unified and comprehensive approach. There will be extensive cross-referencing within all volumes.The use of solar energy during various catalytic chemical processes for the production of an array of chemical products is the theme of this volume. Photocatalysis is a topic of increasing importance due to its essential role in many of today’s environmental and energy source problems. The use of solar energy for catalytic reactions results in a carbon dioxide–neutral process. All photocatalytic processes and the future developments in this area are discussed, including an economic analysis of the various processes.
- Offers in-depth coverage of all catalytic topics of current interest and outlines future challenges and research areas
- A clear and visual description of all parameters and conditions, enabling the reader to draw conclusions for a particular case
- Outlines the catalytic processes applicable to energy generation and design of green processes
Chemists, chemical engineers, and biochemical engineers working in academic and government research; academics, research students, post graduate and graduate students in these areas of study; materials scientists, environmental engineers, biochemists, petroleum engineers, post graduate and research students in these areas
Introduction
Contributors
Chapter 1. Heterogeneous Photocatalysis: Basic Approaches and Terminology
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Photophysical Processes in Solid Photocatalysts and Photoinduced Molecular Transformations on Their Surface
1.3 Photogeneration, Recombination, and Trapping of Charge Carriers in Photoactive Solids
1.4 Impact of Catalysis on Photocatalysis
1.5 Impact of Photochemistry on Photocatalysis
1.6 Concluding Remarks and Notes
References
Chapter 2. Light Activated Processes with Zeolites: Recent Developments
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Organic Photochemistry within Zeolites
2.3 Zeolite-Based Quantum Dot (QD) Materials Relevant to Solar Energy Applications
2.4 Photocatalysis Facilitated by Zeolite
2.5 Environmental Photochemistry with Zeolites
2.6 Novel Optical Materials Using Zeolites
References
Chapter 3. Photocatalysts for Solar Energy Conversion
3.1 Introduction
3.2 CO2 Photoconversion Into Light Hydrocarbons
3.3 Hydrogen Production by Water Splitting
3.4 Hydrogen Production by Biomass Conversion
3.5 Hydrogen Production by Glycerol Conversion
3.6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 4. Solar Energy Conversion Using Single-site Photocatalysts
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Characterizations and Photocatalytic Reactions on Single-Site Ti4+-Containing Catalysts
4.3 Characterizations and Photocatalytic Reactions on Single-Site Cr6+-Containing Catalysts
4.4 Photocatalytic Performances of Single-Site Cr6+- and Ti4+-Containing Binary System
4.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 5. Principle of Photocatalysis and Design of Active Photocatalysts
Acknowledgments
5.1 Introduction
5.2 What is Photocatalysis?
5.3 Photocatalytic Activity
5.4 Principle of Photocatalysis
5.5 Thermodynamics of and Energy Conversion by Photocatalysis
5.6 Kinetics of Photocatalysis
5.7 Visible Light-Induced Photocatalysis
5.8 Design of Active Photocatalysts
5.9 Conclusion
References
Chapter 6. Solar Photocatalysis for Environment Remediation
6.1 General Remarks
6.2 Photocatalytic Activity Under Visible Light Irradiation
6.3 Solar Light Photocatalysis to Abate Atmospheric Pollution
6.4 Solar Photocatalysis for Water Remediation
6.5 Solar Photocatalysis for Soil Remediation
6.6 Concluding Remarks
References
Chapter 7. Self-Cleaning Materials Based on Solar Photocatalysis
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Coating or Incorporating TiO2. Thickness of the TiO2-containing Layer
7.3 Methods for Increasing the Self-Cleaning Efficacy
7.4 Photo-Induced Hydrophilicity
7.5 Measurements of the Self-cleaning Efficacy
7.6 Measurements of the Mechanical and Optical Properties of Self-cleaning Materials
7.7 Potential effect of Self-cleaning Materials on the Removal of Air Pollutants Outdoors
7.8 Considering the Potential Health Risk of TiO2-Containing Self-Cleaning Materials
7.9 Commercial Availability of Self-cleaning Materials and Coatings
7.10 Conclusions
References
Chapter 8. Photocatalysts for Solar Hydrogen Conversion
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Titanium-Based Solar Hydrogen Conversion Materials
8.3 Photocatalysts Based on Other Metals with D0 Electronic Configurations
8.4 Photocatalysts Based on Metals with d10 Electronic Configuration
8.5 Photosynthetic Analogous Materials
8.6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 9. Innovative Photocatalysts for Solar Fuel Generation by CO2 Reduction
Acknowledgment
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction
9.3 Supramolecular Photocatalysts
9.4 Heterogenized Molecular Photocatalysts
9.5 Photochemical Enzymatic Catalysts
9.6 Composite Heterogeneous Photocatalysts
9.7 Single-Site Metal Oxide Photocatalysts
9.8 Photoelectrochemical CO2 Reduction
9.9 Concluding Remarks
References
Chapter 10. Solar Photocatalytic Disinfection of Bacteria
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Photocatalytic Bacteria-Inactivation with UV Light
10.3 Solar Photodisinfection
10.4 Photocatalytic Disinfection Mechanism
References
Chapter 11. Surface-Modified Anisotropic TiO2 Nanocrystals Immobilized in Membranes: A Biologically Inspired Solar Fuel Catalyst
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Wireless Photoelectrochemical Cells (PECs)
11.3 Semiconductor Nanowires and Nanorods
11.4 Colloidal Hybrid Nanostructures
11.5 New Designs That Build On the “Gratzel Colloid” and “Artificial Leaf”
11.6 Self-Assembly of Nanostructured Catalyst to Form Organized Systems for Water Splitting at the Macroscale
11.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 12. Current Development of Photocatalysts for Solar Energy Conversion
Acknowledgments
12.1 The Importance and History of Solar Energy, a Bright Future with Global Markets
12.2 Photocatalysts for Solar Energy Conversion
12.3 TiO2 for Photocatalysis
12.4 Basic Crystal Structure of TiO2
12.5 Tailoring Morphology of TiO2 Photocatalytic Nanomaterials
12.6 Optical Excitations and Carrier Dynamics
12.7 Interface Charge Transfer and Surface Reaction
12.8 Overpotential
12.9 From UV to Visible Light
References
Chapter 13. Role of Advanced Analytical Techniques in the Design and Characterization of Improved Catalysts for Water Oxidation
Acknowledgments
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Electrochemical Techniques
13.3 Product Detection
13.4 Spectroscopy and Imaging
13.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 14. Z-Scheme Type Water Splitting into H2 and O2 Under Visible Light Through Two-Step Photoexcitation Between Two Different Photocatalysts
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Photocatalytic Water Splitting into H2 and O2 Under Visible Light Irradiation Through Two-Step Photoexcitation (Z-Scheme)
14.3 Conclusion
References
Chapter 15. Solar Photocatalytic Processes: Water Decontamination and Disinfection
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Solar Photocatalysis
15.3 Solar Photoreactors
15.4 Target Contaminants and Applications
15.5 Solar Photocatalytic Disinfection
References
Chapter 16. The Application of Semiconductor Photocatalysis for the Removal of Cyanotoxins from Water and Design Concepts for Solar Photocatalytic Reactors for Large Scale Water Treatment
16.1 Introduction
16.2 UV/Solar Destruction
16.3 Titanium Dioxide Photocatalysis
16.4 Processes Influencing Photocatalytic Destruction
16.5 Toxicity Studies
16.6 Mechanistic Studies
16.7 Pilot Reactor Processes
16.8 Design Concepts for (Solar) Photocatalytic Reactors
16.9 Other Cyanotoxins
16.10 Concluding Comments
References
Chapter 17. Nanocrystal Assembly of Hierarchical Porous Architecture for Photocatalysis
Acknowledgments
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Synthesis Strategies of Nanocrystal Assembly into Hierarchical Porous Architecture
17.3 Photocatalytic Applications of Nanocrystal-Assemblied Hierarchical Porous Architecture
17.4 Conclusions and Outlook
References
Chapter 18. Mesoporous Materials Catalysts for Photodegradation of Water Pollutants: From Chemical Templates to Biotemplates
Acknowledgment
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Template-Based Synthesis of Mesoporous Photocatalysts
18.3 Water Treatment by using Mesoporous Photocatalysts
18.4 Conclusion and Perspectives
References
Index
- No. of pages: 492
- Language: English
- Published: July 19, 2013
- Imprint: Elsevier
- Hardback ISBN: 9780444538727
- eBook ISBN: 9780444538734
SS
Steven L Suib
Steve Suib is one of the leading figures in solid-state catalysis and renewable systems in the US. His 450 publications, 40 patents, and authorship on multiple books on the topic of catalysis is proof of this, as is his distinguished Professor status. He is also editor for Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, which puts him in a perfect position to keep abreast with current developments in the area.
He has been a prominent and prolific catalysis researcher for many years encompassing all aspects of the fields from synthesis, characterization, catalysis, to applications. He easily works in both basic fundamental academic research as well as applied industrial research.
Affiliations and expertise
Board of Trustees Distinguished Professor, Director, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, USA