Neurocircuitry of Addiction
- 1st Edition - November 29, 2022
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Editor: Nicholas W. Gilpin
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 3 4 5 3 - 2
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 3 4 5 4 - 9
People use drugs for many different reasons, including the pursuit of "high," social factors and self-medication of other conditions. Many millions of people are addicted to at le… Read more
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Request a sales quotePeople use drugs for many different reasons, including the pursuit of "high," social factors and self-medication of other conditions. Many millions of people are addicted to at least one substance, and the cost of addiction is immense, at both the individual and societal levels. Neurocircuitry of Addiction is the first book of its kind, with a focus on addiction neuroscience from a neural circuit perspective. This book begins with a primer on circuit-based neuroscience that equips the reader with an understanding of the applications described throughout the book. Each subsequent chapter positions a different brain region at the "center" of addiction neurocircuitry and goes on to describe the anatomical connectivity of that brain region, how those circuits are affected by drug exposure, and the role of those circuits in controlling addiction-related behaviors. All chapters of this book are written by content experts for a target audience that has some basic neuroscience background, but no prior in-depth knowledge regarding the neurocircuitry of addiction.
- Reviews the circuit-based tools that are used by scientists to investigate neural circuit function
- Describes how acute and chronic alcohol and drug exposure affect neural circuit function
- Describes the state of the science regarding the role of specific neural circuis in drug addiction
- Chapters include data from both human neuroscience and animal models
Undergraduate psychology; neuroscience students; graduate students in neuroscience; psychology, psychiatry, scientists in the addiction field. Addiction psychiatrists; medical students; physicians who treat substance use disorder
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Contributors
- Preface
- Chapter 1. Leveraging circuits to understand addiction
- Introduction
- Identification of neural circuits implicated in addiction: where to start?
- Human histopathological techniques
- Application of molecular biology techniques to human samples
- Neuroimaging techniques in clinical studies
- Preclinical research methods to identify circuits and their adaptations to addictive drugs
- Neural tracing techniques
- Conventional tracers
- Characterization of circuits through cell type identification
- Genetic approaches to identifying circuits
- Genetic targeting approaches
- Viral vector approaches to dissecting neural circuits
- Identifying neuroadaptations in neural circuits
- Conclusions
- Chapter 2. Midbrain (VTA) circuits
- VTA heterogenous neuronal composition
- VTA neuronal activity is regulated by converging inputs from multiple brain areas
- Plastic changes associated with drug intake in midbrain dopamine circuits
- VTA DA neurons and pathways involved in the reinforcing effects of drugs of abuse
- VTA DA neurons and withdrawal
- Transition to compulsion in addiction
- Drug addiction and long-term memory
- VTA dopamine neurons and relapse to seeking drugs of abuse
- VTA DA neurons and their outputs in reinstatement to drug seeking
- Inputs to VTA DA neurons and reinstatement to drug seeking
- Chapter 3. Striatal circuits
- Introduction
- Anatomy of the striatum
- The striatum: cells and circuits
- The striatum in action selection
- The nucleus accumbens: motivated behavior and addiction
- The dorsal striatum: motivated behavior and addiction
- Stress, habits, and addiction
- Striatal circuits in motivated behavior and addiction
- Inhibitory striatal circuits in motivated behavior and addiction
- Sex differences in substance use disorder
- Conclusions
- Chapter 4. Prefrontal Cortical (PFC) circuits
- Introduction
- Functional neuroanatomy of the PFC
- PFC dysfunction and addiction
- Structure and physiology of the PFC
- Drug-induced adaptations
- Impact of biological sex, stress, and preexisting differences on addiction and PFC function
- Conclusions
- Chapter 5. Insular Cortical circuits
- Insula neuroanatomy and structure
- Functions of the insula
- Evidence implicating the insula in addiction
- Conclusions
- Chapter 6. Thalamic circuits
- Overview of the thalamus
- The thalamus and substance use disorder: overview
- The thalamus: human studies
- The thalamus: preclinical studies
- The paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus: preclinical studies
- Other thalamic nuclei
- Conclusions
- Chapter 7. Hippocampal circuits
- Introduction
- Hippocampal formation
- Synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus
- Regulation of plasticity in the hippocampus by addictive drugs
- Cocaine
- Alcohol
- Conclusions
- Chapter 8. Amygdala circuits
- Introduction
- Conclusions
- Chapter 9. Bed Nucleus of Stria Terminalis (BNST) circuits
- Introduction
- BNST subregions and cell types
- BNST afferents and efferents
- Effects of acute and chronic drug exposure on the BNST
- Long term effects of drugs of abuse on the BNST
- Chemogenetic and optogenetic circuit manipulation in the BNST
- Translational work in the human BNST
- Future of BNST circuitry and addiction
- Chapter 10. Noradrenergic circuits
- Norepinephrine synthesis, storage, receptors, transporters, and metabolism
- Anatomy/development of norepinephrine circuits
- Norepinephrine involvement in stress, arousal, and locomotion
- Neurochemical techniques used for measuring brain NE cell and circuit activity
- Manipulating/probing NE circuits
- Norepinephrine and opioids
- Norepinephrine and alcohol
- Norepinephrine and psychostimulants
- Norepinephrine and other substances of abuse
- Norepinephrine, natural rewards/psychosocial reward
- Conclusions
- Chapter 11. Cholinergic modulation of circuits
- The discovery of acetylcholine
- From nodes to circuits
- Acetylcholine anatomy and circuitry
- Acetylcholine mediated behaviors
- Reward-related signaling: mesopontine tegmentum to VTA circuit
- Cholinergic circuits in the NAc
- Role of acetylcholine in the basolateral amygdala
- Role of acetylcholine in the prefrontal cortex
- Aversion-related signaling: habenula to interpeduncular circuit
- Septal circuits
- Cerebellum
- Conclusions
- Chapter 12. Gut-brain axis
- Introduction
- The gut-brain axis
- Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine pathways
- Microbiome
- Conclusions
- Chapter 13. Circadian circuits
- Introduction
- Circadian rhythms
- Molecular clocks, reward, and substance use
- Circadian modulation of neural circuitry involved in substance reward
- Environmental circadian perturbations and substance use
- Chronotype impacts reward neural circuit functions
- Loss of rhythms and loss of control
- Conclusions
- Index
- Edition: 1
- Published: November 29, 2022
- Imprint: Academic Press
- No. of pages: 558
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN: 9780128234532
- eBook ISBN: 9780128234549
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Nicholas W. Gilpin
Dr Nicholas Gilpin completed his undergraduate training in Psychology at University of Texas at Austin, and his Ph.D. in Psychobiology at Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis. During graduate training, he worked with genetic models of susceptibility to alcoholism. He went on to complete a post-doctoral fellowship in the labs of Drs. George Koob and Marisa Roberto at The Scripps Research Institute in La Jolla, CA, where he used behavioral pharmacology & electrophysiology techniques to explore neural and behavioral dysregulation associated with alcohol dependence. He remains interested in questions of addiction, and is especially interested in understanding why and how alcohol addiction is co-morbid with addiction to other drugs and other psychiatric conditions. His interests also include questions related to subpopulations of addicts and individual differences in propensity to consume alcohol and drugs.
Affiliations and expertise
LSU Health Sciences Center, USARead Neurocircuitry of Addiction on ScienceDirect