Nanoparticles in Translational Science and Medicine

Contributors

Preface

Liposomes and Other Vesicular Systems

I. Introduction

II. Description and Classification of Vesicles

III. Techniques for Vesicle Structural Characterization

IV. Vesicles as Carriers for the Delivery of Bioactive Molecules

V. Methods of Preparation

VI. Conclusions and Future Challenges

Luminescent Quantum Dots, Making Invisibles Visible in Bioimaging

I. Introduction

II. Preparation of QDs for Bioconjugation

III. Labeling Cell Surfaces with QDs

IV. Delivery of QDs in Living Cells

V. Photodynamic Therapy by Quantum Dots

VI. Concluding Remarks

Fabrication of Dendrimers Toward Biological Application

I. Introduction

II. Are Dendrimers Attractive in Biomedical Sciences?

III. Drug Delivery Systems of Dendrimers

IV. Targeting Delivery of Dendrimers

V. Dendrimers for Therapy

VI. Dendrimers as Imaging Agents for Inspection

VII. Conclusions

Carbohydrate-Based Nanoparticles for Potential Applications in Medicine

I. Introduction

II. Metallic Carbohydrate-Based Nanoparticles for In Vitro Detection of Cells and Pathogens

III. Metallic Carbohydrate-Based Nanoparticles for In Vivo Diagnosis by Magnetic Resonance Imaging

IV. Metallic Carbohydrate-Based Nanoparticles for In Vivo Diagnosis by Optical Imaging

V. Metallic Carbohydrate-Based Nanoparticles in Therapy

VI. NonMetallic Polysaccharide-Based Nanoparticles in Therapy

VII. Conclusions

Acknowledgments

Carbon Nanotubes

I. Introduction

II. Characterization

III. Synthesis

IV. Post-Synthesis

V. Biomedical Applications

VI. Summary and Outlook

Engineered Biological Entities for Drug Delivery and Gene Therapy

I. Introduction

II. Protein Nanoparticle Formulation and Biological Barriers

III. Multifunctional Proteins

IV. Natural Self-Assembling Protein Nanoparticles: VLPs

V. Nonviral Self-Assembling Proteins

VI. Medical Applications of Protein Nanoparticles

VII. Conclusions

Acknowledgments

Polymer Nanoparticles

I. Definition and General Ingredients of Polymer Nanoparticles

II. Production Procedures

III. Characterization, Quality, and Stability of Polymer Nanoparticles

IV. Applications of Microbial PHA-Based Nanoparticles

V. Summary and Outlook

Acknowledgments

Nanobiotechnology and Personalized Medicine

I. Introduction

II. Role of Nanodiagnostics in Personalized Medicine

III. Nanobiotechnology, Biomarkers, and Personalized Medicine

IV. Nanoparticle-Based Combination of Diagnostics and Therapeutics

V. Discovery, Development, and Delivery of Personalized Nanomedicines

VI. Personalized Nanooncology

VII. Personalized Nanoneurology

VIII. Personalized Nanocardiology

IX. Future Prospects of Personalized Nanomedicine

Tissue Engineering Using Magnetite Nanoparticles

I. Introduction

II. Magnetofection

III. Magnetic Patterning of Cell

IV. Construction of 3D Tissue-Like Structures

V. Conclusion

Peptide Nanoparticles for Oligonucleotide Delivery

I. Introduction

II. Gene Therapy

III. Uptake Mechanisms of CPPs

IV. CPPs for Noncovalent Nanoparticle Formation

V. CPP-Based Nanoparticles and Their Applications

VI. Future Directions and Perspective with CPP-Based Nanoparticles

Acknowledgments

Nanoparticles in Molecular Diagnostics

Abbreviations

I. Unique Properties of Nanoparticles for Molecular Diagnostics

II. Molecular Diagnostics by Nucleic Acid Detection

III. Molecular Diagnostics by Immunoassays

IV. Conclusions and Future Perspectives

Acknowledgments

Nanoparticles in Cancer Chemotherapy

I. Introduction

II. Physicochemical Properties of Nanoparticles and Impact on Tumor Targeting

III. Engineering Nanoparticles for Therapeutic and Imaging Purposes

IV. Shape–Size Effect of Nanoparticles

V. Current Status of Nanoparticles in Clinics

VI. Conclusion

Nanoparticles in Gene Therapy

I. Introduction

II. Barriers and Strategies to Gene Delivery

III. NPs Used in Gene Therapy

IV. Challenges and Prospects

Cell Delivery of Therapeutic Nanoparticles

I. Translational Pathways for Cell-Based Nanomedicines

II. Nanomedicines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer, Infectious and Degenerative Diseases, and Tissue Repair

III. Chemical Composition, Structure, Function, and Manufacture

IV. Targeted Drug Delivery

V. Nanomedicine and Vaccines

VI. Nanodevices and Cell Reprogramming

VII. Nanomedicine and Stem Cells

VIII. Potential of Nanotherapeutics

IX. Nanotoxicology: Immunogenicity, Cytotoxicity, and Generation of ROS

X. Unique Challenges for Translational Nanomedicine

XI. Development of Cell-Based Nanomedicine: A Perspective

Acknowledgments

Index