
Mutagenicity
New Horizons in Genetic Toxicology
- 1st Edition - January 28, 1982
- Editor: John A. Heddle
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 4 0 4 5 - 9
- Hardback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 3 3 6 1 8 0 - 6
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 7 1 2 2 - 4
Mutagenicity: New Horizons in Genetic Toxicology provides an overview of the various applications and studies in the field of genetic toxicology and environmental mutagenesis. The… Read more

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Request a sales quoteMutagenicity: New Horizons in Genetic Toxicology provides an overview of the various applications and studies in the field of genetic toxicology and environmental mutagenesis. The book is composed of selected scientific papers written by experts in the field. The text presents topics on naturally occurring mutagens; occupational carcinogen; and evaluation of cooking methods. Experiments on mammalian cell mutation; chromosomal aberrations; and organisms that can be used as environmental monitors of toxicity are discussed as well. Ecologists, environmental and sanitary engineers, toxicologists, and anyone interested in environmental mutagenesis, genetic toxicology, occupational health, or the regulation of toxic substances will find the book a good source of insight.
Contents
List of Contributors
Preface
1 Screening Chemicals for Mutagenicity: Practices and Pitfalls
I. Introduction
II. Test Batteries
III. Possible Basis of Divergent Assay Responses Observed between Assay Systems
IV. Design, Validation, and Use of Test Batteries
V. Pitfalls in the Use of Mutation Assays
VI. Mutagenic Synergism and Protection
VII. Genotoxic Threshold Dose Levels
VIII. Conclusions
References
2 Qualitative and Quantitative Comparisons between Mutagenic and Carcinogenic Activities of Chemicals
I. Introduction: Environmental Chemicals in Human Carcinogenesis and the Role of Experimental Data in the Assessment of Risk
II. Comparison between Data on Carcinogenicity in Humans and Results of Mutagenicity and Other Short-Term Tests
III. Comparisons between Data from Long-Term Animal Carcinogenicity Tests and Results of Mutagenicity (Short-Term) Tests
IV. Quantitative Correlations between the Carcinogenic Potency of Chemicals and Their Mutagenic Activity
V. Comparison of the in Vitro Mutagenicity and the in Vivo Covalent Binding Index of Chemical Carcinogens
VI. Factors That May Affect the Activity of Carcinogenic Chemicals in Short-Term Tests and in Experimental Animals
VII. Conclusions
References
3 The Use of Mutagenicity to Evaluate Carcinogenic Hazards in Our Daily Lives
I. Introduction
II. Experimental Studies
III. Conclusions and Future Studies
References
4 Mutagenicity and Lung Cancer in a Steel Foundry Environment
I. Introduction
II. Foundry Mutagenicity Study
III. Results
IV. Conclusions and Discussion
References
5 The Use of Mutagenicity Testing to Evaluate Food Products
I. Introduction
II. Methodology
III. Mutagens in Nonprocessed Food
IV. Mutagens Formed during Food Preparation and Cooking
V. Model Browning Reactions
VI. Integrated Mutagenic Load of Diets
VII. Outlook
References
6 Transformation of Somatic Cells in Culture
I. Introduction
II. In Vitro and in Vivo Studies of Basic Mechanisms of Neoplastic Transformation
III. Types of Cell Transformation Systems
IV. Regulatory and Commercial Uses of Neoplastic Transformation Assays
V. Summary
References
7 Mutagenicity Testing with Cultured Mammalian Cells: Cytogenetic Assays
I. Introduction
II. Cytological End Points Used
III. Methodology
IV. Comparison between Chromosome Aberrations and Sister Chromatid Exchanges
V. Types of Lesions Leading to Sister Chromatid Exchanges and/or Chromosomal Aberrations
VI. Influence of Tumor Promoters or Inhibitors on Induction of Chromosomal Alterations
VII. Chromosomal Alterations and Point Mutations
VIII. Mutagenic Compounds Assayed by Cytogenetic Methods
IX. Detection of Carcinogens
X. Application of Cytogenetic Tests to Detect Human Recessive Disorders
XI. Detection of Complementation Groups of Recessive Disorders
XII. Effect of Cocultivation of Two Different Types of Cells
XIII. Quantification of the Biological Effects in Relation to Primary Effects in the DNA
XIV. In Vitro Cytogenetic Assays to Detect Mutagens in Comparison to Other Short-Term Tests
XV. The Human Lymphocyte
References
8 Measurement of Mutations in Somatic Cells in Culture
I. Importance of Using Mammalian Cells in Culture for Mutagenesis Studies
II. Overview of Selected Aspects of Mammalian Cell Mutagenesis Studies
III. Utilization of Mutagenesis Studies with Cultured Mammalian Cells
IV. Conclusion
References
9 Chromosomal Aberrations Induced in Occupationally Exposed Persons
I. Introduction: Possibilities Offered by Cytogenetic Methods for Testing the Effects of Small Doses of Chemicals Applied Chronically to Man
II. Studies of Workers Occupationally Exposed to Chemicals
III. Open Questions in the Field of Cytogenetic Monitoring of Occupationally Exposed People
IV. Conclusions: Summary of Current Knowledge and Future Trends
References
10 The Rationale and Methodology for Quantifying Sister Chromatid Exchange in Humans
I. Rationale for the Analysis of Sister Chromatid Exchange in Humans
II. Methodological Aspects of Sister Chromatid Exchange Analysis in Human Populations
III. Statistical Considerations
IV. Application to Human Studies
References
11 The 6-Thioguanine-Resistant Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Assay for Direct Mutagenicity Testing in Humans
I. Introduction
II. The Thioguanine-Resistant (TGr) PBL Assay Method
III. Sample Results
IV. Statistical Analysis Methods
V. Discussion
References
12 Sperm Assays as Indicators of Chemically Induced Germ-Cell Damage in Man
I. Introduction
II. Description of Available Human Sperm Assays and Their Relative Sensitivities
III. Review of the Uses of Sperm Assays in Chemically Exposed Men
IV. Rationale, Strategies, and Problems Encountered in the Use of Human Sperm Assays in Exposed Populations
V. The Implications of Chemically Induced Sperm Changes
VI. Conclusions
References
13 Cytogenetic Events in Vivo
I. Introduction
II. Structural Chromosome Aberrations
III. Sister Chromatid Exchanges (SCEs)
References
14 Dominant Skeletal Mutations: Applications in Mutagenicity Testing and Risk Estimation
I. Introduction
II. Dominant Skeletal Mutation Rate Experiment Using Breeding Tests
III. The New Sensitive-Indicator Method
IV. Other Major Questions about Genetic Risk Now Amenable to Study
V. Study of Induced Dominant Damage to Other Body Systems
VI. Effects of Decreased Viability and Incomplete Penetrance on Experimental Frequencies of Induced Dominant
Damage
VII. Relative Merits of Sensitive-Indicator and Standard Specific-Locus Methods
VIII. Special Case in Which Risk Estimation Is Greatly Simplified by Using Sensitive-Indicator and Specific-Locus Methods
References
15 Plants as Sensitive in Situ Detectors of Atmospheric Mutagens
I. Introduction
II. Tradescantia as an in Situ System for the Detection of Atmospheric Mutagens
III. Pollen Systems for the Detection of Atmospheric Mutagens
IV. Other Higher-Plant Mutagen Assay Systems
V. The Use of in Situ Weed Communities for the Detection of Atmospheric Mutagens
VI. Discussion and Conclusions
References
16 Fishes as Biological Detectors of the Effects of Genotoxic Agents
I. Introduction
II. Methodologies for Aquatic Genetic Toxicology
III. Summary and Conclusions
References
Index
- No. of pages: 490
- Language: English
- Edition: 1
- Published: January 28, 1982
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Paperback ISBN: 9781483240459
- Hardback ISBN: 9780123361806
- eBook ISBN: 9781483271224
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