Preface
I RNA as an Enzyme
1 Cleavage of RNA by RNAse P from Escherichia coli
I. Introduction
II. Aspects of the RNase P Reaction
III. Studies of Enzyme-Substrate Interactions
IV. Structure-Function Relationships in Ml RNA
V. Studies of the Protein Subunit of RNase P
VI. Hybrid Enzymes
VII. Conclusion
References
2 Bacillus Subtilis RNase
I. The RNase P Components
II. Mechanism of RNase P Cleavage
III. Toward the Higher-Order Structure of RNase P RNA
IV. Structure-Function Relationships in the RNase P RNA
V. Why Is the Catalytic Element of RNase P Composed of RNA?
References
3 Multiple Enzymatic Activities of an Intervening Sequence RNA from Tetrahymena
I. Introduction
II. Self-Splicing RNA
III. The IVS RNA Enzyme
References
4 Processing and Genetic Characterization of Self-Splicing RNAs of Bacteriophage
I. Introduction
II. Group I Splicing Mechanism for T4 td RN
III. Nondirected Mutagenesis and Delineation of Two Functional Domains for Splicing in the td Intron
IV. Multiple Self-Splicing Introns in T4
V. Conclusions
References
II RNA Splicing
5 The Mammalian Pre-Messenger RNA Splicing Apparatus: A Ribosome in Pieces?
I. Introduction
II. The Discovery of snRNPs
III. The snRNPs-and-Splicing Hypothesis
IV. snRNP Components and Structure
V. Is Eukaryotic RNase P an Sm snRNP?
VI. U1 snRNPs Bind 5' Splice Sites
VII. U2, U5, and U4/U6 snRNPs Also Participate in Splicing
VIII. The Spliceosome-Ribosome Analogy
References
6 Exon Sequences and Splice Site Proximity Play a Role in Splice Site Selection
I. Introduction
II. Exon Sequences and Splice Site Proximity Play a Role in Splice Site Selection
III. The Pattern of Splice Site Selection Is Altered in Different Extract Preparations and in Diluted Extracts
IV. Splice Site Selection Can Be Altered by Competition in Trans
V. Discussion
References
7 Factors That Influence Alternative Splice Site Selection in Vitro
I. Introduction
II. Materials and Methods
III. Results
IV. Discussion
References
8 Messenger RNA Splicing in Yeast
I. An Overview of Nuclear mRNA Splicing
II. Preliminary in Vitro and in Vivo Characterization of Yeast mRNA Splicing
III. Characterization of Mutations in the Splicing Process
IV. The RNA Gene Products and the Spliceosome
V. Speculations
References
9 Architecture of Fungal Introns: Implications for Spliceosome Assembly
I. Introduction
II. Branch Site-3' Splice Junction Relationship
III. Branch Site-5' Splice Junction Relationship
IV. Perspectives
References
10 RNA Joining and Trypanosome Gene Expression
I. Introduction
II. Materials and Methods
III. Results
IV. Discussion
V. Summary
References
III RNA Viruses
11 The Polio virus Genome: A Unique RNA in Structure, Gene Organization, and Replication
I. Introduction
II. Translation and Processing of the Polyprotein
III. RNA Replication
IV. Conclusions
References
12 Permanent Expression of Influenza Virus Genes Coding for Transcriptase Complexes: Complementation of Viral Mutants
I. Establishment of a Functional Expression System
II. Addition of Nuclear Protein to the Transcription Complex
III. Conclusions and Outlook
References
13 Molecular Mechanisms of Pathogenesis
Text
References
IV RNA in DNA Replication
14 Changes in RNA Secondary Structure May Mediate the Regulation of IncFII Plasmid Gene Expression and DNA Replication
I. Introduction
II. RNA Secondary Structure Predictions
III. Discussion
References
15 Regulation of Co IE 1 DNA Replication by Antisense RNA
I. Introduction
II. RNA Primer Formation
III. Regulation of Primer Formation
IV. Binding of RNA I to RNA II
V. Importance of the Rate of Binding of RNA I to RNA II
VI. Secondary Structure of RNA II and Its Alteration by Binding of RNA I
VII. Conclusions
References
16 A Transfer RNA Implicated in DNA Replication
I. Introduction
II. Expression of the DNA Y Gene
III. Implication in DNA Replication
IV. Summary and Models for Replication Role
References
V RNA: Structure, Function, and Isolation
17 Stable Branched RNA Covalently Linked to the 5' End of a Single-Stranded DNA of Myxobacteria
I. Introduction
II. DNA Structure of Stigmatella aurantiaca msDNA
III. RNA Sequence of RNA-Linked msDNA
IV. Determination of the Linkage between RNA and msDNA
V. Gene Arrangement of the Coding Regions for msDNA (msd) and msdRNA (msr) on the Chromosome
VI. Biosynthesis of Branched RNA-Linked msDNA
VII. How Is Branched RNA-Linked msDNA Synthesized?
References
18 Recognition of RNA by Proteins
I. A Simple RNA-Protein Interaction
II. A Complex RNA-Protein Interaction
References
19 A New Role for Transfer RNA: A Chloroplast Transfer RNA Is a Cofactor in the Conversion of Glutamate to Delta-Aminolevulinic Acid
I. Introduction
II. RNA DALA Is a Unique Glutamine-Accepting tRNA
III. RNA as a Cofactor: Possible Reaction Mechanism
IV. Outlook
References
20 Natural Suppressor Transfer RNA in Eukaryotes: Its Implication in the Evolution of the Genetic Code and Expression of Specific Genes
I. Introduction
II. Isolation from Tetrahymena of the tRNA Gene and tRNA Corresponding to the Termination Codon UAA
III. Deviation of the Genetic Code of Tetrahymena from the Universal Genetic Code
IV. Evolution of Glutamine tRNAs Recognizing UAA and UAG Termination Codons in Tetrahymena
V. Isolation of a Natural UAG Suppressor Glutamine tRNA from Mouse Cells
VI. A Large Increase of tRNAg[;UG in Mouse Cells Infected with Mo-MuLV
VII. Concluding Remarks
References
21 The Purification of Small RNAs by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
I. Introduction
II. Materials and Methods
III. Results
IV. Discussion
References
22 Comparative Studies on the Secondary Structure of the RNAs of Related RNA Coliphages
I. Introduction
II. Results
III. Discussion
References
VI RNA in Regulation and Repression
23 Autogenous Regulation of Transcription of the crp Operon by a Divergent RNA Transcript
I. Introduction
II. Activation of a Divergent Promoter by Cyclic AMP-CRP is Required for crp Autoregulation
III. Autoregulation of crp Is Mediated by Divergent RNA
IV. A Model for crp Autoregulation
V. Conclusion
References
24 The Role of Translational Regulation in Growth Rate-Dependent and Stringent Control of the Synthesis of Ribosomal Proteins in Escherichia Coli
I. Secondary Structure of the LI Target Site on L11 mRNA
II. Growth Rate-Dependent Control of Ribosomal Protein Synthesis
III. Stringent Control of Ribosomal Protein Synthesis
IV. Concluding Remarks
References
25 Sequence and Structural Elements Associated with the Degradation of Apolipoprotein II Messenger RNA
I. Introduction
II. Effect of 5' Noncoding Sequences on apo II mRNA Stability
III. Use of Enzymatic Probes and Reverse Transcriptase to Analyze apo II mRNA Secondary Structure
IV. Analysis of apo II mRNA in Polysomes
V. Summary and Perspective
References
26 A New Immune System against Viral Infection Using Antisense RNA: micRNA-Immune System
I. Introduction
II. micRNA Mutagenesis
III. micRNA-Immune System
IV. Conclusion
References
27 Regulation of IS10 Transposase Expression by RNA/RNA Pairing
I. Introduction
II. Biological Role of Multicopy Inhibition
III. Molecular Mechanism of Multicopy Inhibition
IV. Mechanism of Pairing between RNA-IN and RNA-OUT In Vitro
V. In Vivo Phenotypes of Mutations in RNA-OUT
References
28 Characterization and Functional Analysis of the Factors Required for Transcription of the Adenovirus Major Late Promoter
I. Introduction
II. Fractionation and Functional Analysis of the Factors Required for Transcription of the Adenovirus Major Late Promoter
III. Concluding Remarks
References
Index