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Models of the Ecological Hierarchy
From Molecules to the Ecosphere
1st Edition - October 1, 2012
Editors: Ferenc Jordan, Sven Erik Jørgensen
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 4 - 5 9 3 9 6 - 2
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 4 - 5 9 4 0 5 - 1
In the application of statistics to ecological inference problems, hierarchical models combine explicit models of ecological system structure or dynamics with models of how… Read more
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In the application of statistics to ecological inference problems, hierarchical models combine explicit models of ecological system structure or dynamics with models of how ecological systems are observed. The principles of hierarchical modeling are applied in this book to a wide range of problems ranging from the molecular level, through populations, ecosystems, landscapes, networks, through to the global ecosphere.
- Provides an excellent introduction to modelling
- Collects together in one source a wide range of modelling techniques
- Covers a wide range of topics, from the molecular level to the global ecosphere
Environmental managers, ecologists and biologists
Series Title
Preface
Contributors
Introduction
1 Hierarchy Theory
2 Interactions between the Hierarchical Levels
3 Models with Two or More Hierarchical Levels
4 The Frequency of Disturbances Follow the Hierarchical Organization
5 An Overview of the Models Presented in this Book
1 Quantum Chemical Modeling in the Molecular Ecology
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Pheromone Molecules and Their Interaction With the Environment
1.3 Structure of the Active Center and Luminescence in the Photoprotein Obelin
1.4 Conclusions
2 Evolution before Life
3 Dealing with Spatial Autocorrelation in Gene Flow Modeling
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Modeling Method: Spatially Aware Predicting Clustering Trees
3.3 Results and Discussion: Modeling Gene Flow from GM to Non-GM Fields
3.4 Conclusion
4 Modeling In Vitro Cell-Based Assays Experiments
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Methods and Approach
4.3 Results and Discussion
4.4 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Disclosure
Notation
5 “Keystone Species” of Molecular Interaction Networks
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Materials and Methods
5.3. Results
5.4. Conclusion
6 Evolutionary Transition to Complex Population Dynamic Patterns in an Age-structured Population
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Discrete Models of Changes in a Local Population Size
6.3 Density-Independent Selection in Limited Populations
6.4 Population Dynamics with F-Selection
6.5 Modeling of Natural Selection in Population with Age Structure
6.6 Conclusion
7 The Maximum Economic Yield Management of an Age-Structured Salmon Population
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Population Model
7.3 The Maximum Sustainable Economic Yield Harvesting Program
7.4 Nonselective Fishing Pattern
7.5 Numerical Illustration
7.6 Concluding Remarks
8 Use of Tracking System Data for Individual-based Modeling of Sweetfish (Plecoglossus altivelis) Behavior
9 Formation of the Mosaic Structure of Vegetative Communities due to Spatial Competition for Life Resources
9.1 Plant Community Dynamics Model based on Integral–Differential Equation System
9.2 Simulation Computer Model of Forest Tree Community Dynamics
9.3 Conclusion
10 Complex Dynamic Modes in a Two-Sex Age-Structured Population Model
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Mathematical Model
10.3 Equality of Female and Male Survival Rates
10.4 Population Dynamic Modes at Different Survival Rates of Immature Males and Females
10.5 Development of the Two-Sex Population at the Maximum Equilibrium Size of Mature Females or Males
10.6 Dynamic Modes at Different Survival Rates of Mature Females and Males
10.7 Conclusions
11 Influence of Intra-Seasonal Variability of Metabolic Rates on the Output of a Steady-State Food Web Model
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Methods
11.3 Results
11.4 Discussion
11.5 Conclusions
12 Trophic Network Analysis
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Materials and Methods
12.3 Results
12.4 Discussion and Conclusions
13 An Individual-Based Approach for Studying System-Wide Properties of Ecological Networks
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Network Environ Analysis
13.3 Network Particle Tracking: An Individual-Based Methodology
13.4 Cycling Index
13.5 Throughflow Analysis
13.6 Storage Analysis
13.7 Dynamic Network Environ Analysis
13.8 Conclusion
14 Trophic Interactions in Lake Tana, a Large Turbid Highland Lake in Ethiopia
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Materials and Methods
14.3 Results and Discussion
14.4 System Statistics
14.5 Conclusion
15 Modeling the Mercury Cycle in the Marano-Grado Lagoon (Italy)
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Material and Methods
15.3 Results and Discussion
15.4 Conclusion
Disclaimer
16 Impact of Global and Local Pressures on the Ecology of a Medium-Sized Pre-Alpine Lake
16.1 Lake Ecosystems Between Global and Local Pressures
16.2 A Case Study for Long-Term Impacts
16.3 Integrated Modeling Tools
16.4 Results
16.5 Discussion and Concluding Remarks
17 Biogeochemical 1D ERSEM Ecosystem Model Applied to Recent Carbon Dioxide and Nutrient Data in the North Sea
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Methods
17.3 Results and discussion
17.4 Conclusions
18 Cities as Ecosystems
18.1 Cities and Ecosystems
18.2 Cities as Water Flow Networks
18.3 Network Analysis and System Level Indices
18.4 Patterns of Growth and Development in City Networks
18.5 Cities as Ecosystems?
18.6 The Quest for Sustainability
19 Three-Dimensional Modeling of Pollutant Dispersion in Lake Garda (North Italy)
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Study Site
19.3 TRIM Hydrodynamic Model
19.4 Results and Discussion
19.5 Conclusion
20 DLES: A Component-Based Framework for Ecological Modeling
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Advantages and Disadvantages of Modular Design
20.3 DLES Description
20.4 Exemplary Applications
20.5 Conclusion
21 Understanding Forest Changes to Support Planning
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Study Area
21.3 Materials and Methods
21.4 Markov Chain: Cellular Automata
21.5 Results
21.6 Discussion and Conclusions
Acknowledgments
22 Development of a Program Tool for the Determination of the Landscape Visual Exposure Potential
22.1 Introduction
22.2 Viewshed Analysis
22.3 Development of a Toolkit for Modeling the Visual Exposure
22.4 Visual Exposure Modeling using Parallel Computations
22.5 Testing of the Algorithm
22.6 Results and Discussion
22.7 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
23 Spatial Algorithms Applied to Landscape Diversity Estimate from Remote Sensing Data
23.1 Introduction: Why Measuring Landscape Heterogeneity?
23.2 Open Source Software Philosophy for a Free Calculation of Landscape Diversity
23.3 Spatial Algorithms Available for the Quantification of Landscape Heterogeneity from Remote Sensing Data
23.4 Coda
24 Offsetting Policies for Biodiversity Conservation
24.1 Introduction
24.2 Methods
24.3 Results
24.4 Discussion
25 Combining Habitat Suitability Models and Fluvial Functionality Data for a Multilayer Assessment of Riverine Vulnerability
25.1 Introduction
25.2 Methods
25.3 Results and Discussion
25.4 Conclusions
26 Carbon Cycle Modeling and Principle of the Worst Scenario
26.1 Introduction
26.2 Difficulties of Carbon Cycle Modeling
26.3. Principle of the Worst Scenario and Minimal Model of Biosphere
26.4 Minimal Model in Describing Past and Future Dynamics of Biosphere
26.5 Discussion and Conclusion
27 The Worst Scenario Principle and the Assessment of the Impact of Quality of Life for Biosphere Dynamics
27.1 Introduction
27.2 Results of the Simulation of the Minimal Model of Biosphere
27.3 Discussion
27.4 Conclusion
28 Modeling and Evaluating the Global Energy Flow in Ecosystems and its Impacts on the Ecological Footprint
28.1 Introduction
28.2 Modeling Energy Flow Theoretical Approach
28.3 Ecological Footprint (EF) and Energy Ecological Footprint (EEF)
28.4 Scientific Approach and Methodologies of Measuring Energy Ecological Footprint
28.5 Analysis of Global Energy Ecological Footprint and Impacts of Human Population on the Energy Resources
28.6 Global Energy Model Design and Concept
28.7 Discussion
28.8 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
29 The Dynamics Linking Biological Hierarchies, Fish Stocks and Ecosystems
29.1 Resource Management, Stability and Change
29.2 Population Level of Organization
29.3 Ecosystem-Level Organization
29.4 Implications for Management
29.5 Population to Ecosystem Dynamics
30 A Network Model of the Hierarchical Organization of Supra-Individual Biosystems
30.1 Introduction
30.2 A Network Approach: Networks at All Levels
30.3 Methods
30.4 Results
30.5 Conclusions
31 Hierarchical Energy Dissipation in Populations
31.1 Introduction to Populations as Thermodynamic Systems
31.2 Demography and Thermodynamics
31.3 Body Size and Metabolic Rate
31.4 Going Further: Thermodynamic Regime of Populations
31.5 Symmetry Breaking and Hierarchical Responses of Population
31.6 Concluding Remarks
32 Conclusive Remarks About Hierarchy Theory and Multilevels Models
Subject Index
- No. of pages: 594
- Language: English
- Published: October 1, 2012
- Imprint: Elsevier
- Hardback ISBN: 9780444593962
- eBook ISBN: 9780444594051
FJ
Ferenc Jordan
Affiliations and expertise
The Microsoft Research – University of Trento, Center for Computational and Systems Biology, Trento, ItalySJ
Sven Erik Jørgensen
Sven Erik Jørgensen was the professor emeritus in environmental chemistry at the University of Copenhagen. He received a master of science in chemical engineering from the Danish Technical University (1958), a doctor of environmental engineering (Karlsruhe University) and a doctor of science in ecological modelling (Copenhagen University). He was the honourable doctor at Coimbra University, Portugal and at Dar es Salaam University (Tanzania). In 1975 he founded the journal Ecological Modelling and in 1978 the ISEM (International Society of Ecological Modelling). He has received several awards, the Ruder Boskovic Medal, the Prigogine Prize, the Pascal Medal, the Einstein professorship at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Santa Chiara Prize for multidisciplinary teaching and the very prestigious Stockholm Water Prize. He has published 366 papers of which 275 were published in peer-reviewed international journals and he has edited or authored 76 books, of which several have been translated to other languages (Chinese, Russian, Spanish and Portuguese). He has authored a successful textbook in ecological modelling “Fundamentals of Ecological Modelling”, which was published as a fourth edition together with Brian Fath in 2011. It has been translated into Chinese and Russian (third edition). He authored a well received textbook in system ecology entitled “Introduction to Systems Ecology”. It was published as an English edition in 2012 and as a Chinese edition in 2013. He was editor in chief of the Encyclopedia of Ecology, published in 2008, and of the Encyclopedia of Environmental Management, published in December 2012. He has taught courses in ecological modelling in 32 different countries. He is the editorial board member of 18 international journals in the fields of ecology and environmental management. He was the president of ISEM and he also was elected member of the European Academy of Sciences, for which he was the chairman of the Section for Environmental Sciences.
Affiliations and expertise
Emeritus Professor, Copenhagen University, Denmark