Modeling Damage, Fatigue and Failure of Composite Materials

2nd Edition - September 23, 2023
Editors: Ramesh Talreja, Janis Varna
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 8 4 8 9 - 5
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 8 4 8 8 - 8

Modeling Damage, Fatigue and Failure of Composite Materials, Second Edition provides the latest research in the field of composite materials, an area that has attracted a wealth of… Read more

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Modeling Damage, Fatigue and Failure of Composite Materials, Second Edition provides the latest research in the field of composite materials, an area that has attracted a wealth of research, with significant interest in the areas of damage, fatigue, and failure. The book is fully updated, and is a comprehensive source of physics-based models for the analysis of progressive and critical failure phenomena in composite materials. It focuses on materials modeling while also reviewing treatments for analyzing failure in composite structures. Sections review damage development in composite materials such as generic damage and damage accumulation in textile composites and under multiaxial loading.

Part Two focuses on the modeling of failure mechanisms in composite materials, with attention given to fiber/matrix cracking and debonding, compression failure, and delamination fracture. Final sections examine the modeling of damage and materials response in composite materials, including micro-level and multi-scale approaches, the failure analysis of composite materials and joints, and the applications of predictive failure models.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
About the Series
Copyright
List of contributors
Woodhead Publishing Series in Composites Science and Engineering
Preface to the second edition
Part One. Damage development in composite materials
1. Failure mechanisms: observations
1.1. Introduction
1.2. Failure in UD composites
1.3. Failure modes in laminates
1.4. Conclusion
2. Fatigue damage mechanisms
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Axial tension fatigue of UD composites
2.3. Fatigue of UD composites in other loading modes
2.4. Conclusions
3. The process of cracking in textile composites subjected to quasistatic tensile and tension–tension fatigue loadings
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Overview of the cracking process
3.3. Initiation of matrix cracks
3.4. Influence of the yarn crimp
3.5. Influence of through-the-thickness reinforcement
3.6. Crack saturation and development of delaminations
3.7. Analogy between the damage development under quasistatic tension and tension–tension fatigue loadings
3.8. Conclusions
4. Damage accumulation under multiaxial fatigue loading
4.1. Introduction: parameters influencing the fatigue behavior of composites
4.2. Biaxial testing of composite laminates
4.3. Experimental results for the main test methods
4.4. Recent results from the University of Padova
4.5. Comparison with results on flat laminates
4.6. Conclusions
Part Two. Modeling of failure mechanisms in composite materials
5. Matrix and fiber–matrix interface cracking in composite materials
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Modeling of failure initiation
5.3. Failure plane formation
5.4. Conclusions
6. Fiber–matrix debonding in composite materials: transverse loading
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Micromechanical view: numerical model
6.3. Failure initiation
6.4. The interface crack
6.5. Growth through the matrix
6.6. Micromechanical stages of the mechanism of damage under tension
6.7. Effect of a secondary transverse load
6.8. Effect of thermal residual stresses
6.9. Conclusions
7. Fiber–matrix debonding in composite materials: axial loading
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Single-fiber fragmentation test
7.3. Numerical simulation of debond crack propagation using LEFM
7.4. Numerical simulation of debond propagation using cohesive elements
7.5. Discussion and concluding remarks
8. Fiber failure and debonding in axially loaded UD composite materials
8.1. Introduction
8.2. Damage mechanisms in UD composites under quasistatic loading
8.3. Fiber/matrix interface debond growth
8.4. FEM models for surface/edge effects
8.5. Debond growth in cyclic loading
8.6. Summary and conclusions
9. Evolution of multiple matrix cracking
9.1. Introduction
9.2. Analytical models for evolution of multiple matrix cracking
9.3. Damage evolution in multidirectional laminates
9.4. Statistical aspects in multiple matrix cracking
9.5. Vinogradov–Hashin model
9.6. Recent developments
10. Compression failure of composite laminates
10.1. Introduction
10.2. Modeling
10.3. Strength data and predictions
10.4. Discussion and conclusions
11. Delamination fracture in composite materials
11.1. Introduction
11.2. Fracture mechanics concepts
11.3. Linear elastic fracture mechanics approach to delamination
11.4. Advanced fracture mechanics
11.5. Delamination under cyclic loading
11.6. Perspectives and trends
11.7. Summary
Part Three. Modeling of damage and materials response in composite materials
12. The scale effect in composites, an explanation based on the mechanisms of damage
12.1. Introduction
12.2. Methods, tools, and materials
12.3. Damage onset: the appearance of a first debond
12.4. Damage progression in the 90 degrees ply
12.5. The experimental evidence
12.6. A physically based explanation of the scale effect
12.7. Applications
12.8. Summary and conclusions
13. Thermoelastic constants of damaged laminates: COD- and CSD-based methods
13.1. Introduction
13.2. Stiffness of damaged laminates in terms of COD and CSD
13.3. Average stress state between cracks and average COD and CSD
13.4. Analytical models for stress state between cracks
13.5. Experimental data and simulation examples
13.6. Conclusions
Appendix 1: Derivation of damaged laminate stiffness
14. Microlevel approaches to modeling of damage in composite materials: Generalized plane strain analysis
14.1. Introduction
14.2. Fundamental equations and conditions
14.3. Solution for undamaged laminates
14.4. Shear lag theory for cross-ply laminates
14.5. Generalized plane strain theory for cross-ply laminates
14.6. Calculation of in-plane thermoelastic constants for damaged laminates
14.7. Through-thickness properties of damaged laminates
14.8. Consideration of ply-crack closure
14.9. Results for general symmetric laminates
14.10. Prediction examples for cross-ply laminates
15. Semi-analytical techniques for analysis of cracked composite laminates
15.1. Introduction
15.2. Stress transfer models
15.3. Ply cracking damage evolution laws
15.4. Numerical examples
15.5. Closing remarks and outlook
16. A multiscale approach to modeling of composite damage
16.1. Introduction
16.2. Basic concepts and considerations
16.3. Failure mechanisms
16.4. Multiscale analysis
16.5. Application example for ply cracking in multidirectional laminates
16.6. Recent developments
16.7. Concluding remarks
Part Four. Failure analysis of composite structures and joints
17. Computational modeling of damage in notched and unnotched composite laminates using a semi-discrete method
17.1. Introduction
17.2. Computational modeling using the SD2M model
17.3. Predictions
17.4. Conclusions
18. Regularized eXtended Finite Element Modeling of fatigue response in laminated composites
18.1. Introduction
18.2. Computational methodology
18.3. Verification of Rx-FEM coupon-level analysis
18.4. Validation of Rx-FEM subelement level analysis
18.5. Conclusions
19. Modeling the crack initiation in unidirectional laminates under multiaxial fatigue loading
19.1. Introduction
19.2. Peculiarities of fatigue failure
19.3. Calculation of local stresses
19.4. Validation
19.5. Constant–life diagrams
19.6. Conclusions
20. Incorporating manufacturing defects in damage and failure analysis
20.1. Introduction
20.2. Real initial material state
20.3. RIMS–performance relationships
20.4. Comprehensive failure analysis with defects
20.5. Conclusions
21. Damage simulations in composite structures in the presence of stress gradients
21.1. Introduction
21.2. Global/local FE techniques
21.3. Numerical techniques for interlaminar damage failure
21.4. Applications
21.5. Conclusions and future developments
22. Failure models for composite joints: an approach based on singular stress states
22.1. Motivation
22.2. Stress characterization
22.3. Generalized fracture toughness determination
22.4. Failure envelope for failure initiation prediction
22.5. Practical application for the design of adhesive joints
22.6. Conclusions and future developments
Index

Life sciences

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Modeling Damage, Fatigue and Failure of Composite Materials

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Ramesh Talreja

Janis Varna