Miller's Review of Orthopaedics

9th Edition - January 21, 2025
Imprint: Elsevier
Editors: Stephen R. Thompson, Mark D. Miller
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 1 2 1 4 - 0
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 1 2 7 8 - 2

Long considered a must-have review tool for every orthopaedic resident, fellow, and surgeon, Miller’s Review of Orthopaedics, Ninth Edition, has been fully revised to efficien… Read more

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Long considered a must-have review tool for every orthopaedic resident, fellow, and surgeon, Miller’s Review of Orthopaedics, Ninth Edition, has been fully revised to efficiently and effectively prepare you for exam success. Drs. Stephen R. Thompson and Mark D. Miller, along with expert contributors in the field, ensure that this bestselling review provides you with maximum knowledge in the least amount of time, keeping you up to date with the latest medical advances and helping you improve the safety, effectiveness, and efficiency of your practice.

Title of Book
Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Dedication
Contributors
Preface
CHAPTER 1. Basic Sciences
Top Testable Topics
Section 1 Orthopaedic Tissues
Bone
Cartilage and Joint
Muscle
Tendon (Fig. 1.41)
Ligament (see Fig. 1.41)
Neural Tissue and Intervertebral Disc
Section 2 Orthopaedic Biology
Cellular and Molecular Biology and Immunology
Infection and Microbiology
Section 3 Perioperative and Orthopaedic Medicine
Thromboprophylaxis
Perioperative Disease and Comorbidities
Imaging and Special Studies
Section 4 Other Basic Principles
Biomaterials and Biomechanics
Testable Concepts
Section 1 Orthopaedic Tissues
I Bone
II Cartilage and Joint
III Muscle
IV Tendon
V Ligament
VI Neural Tissue and Intervertebral Disc
Section 2 Orthopaedic Biology
I Cellular and Molecular Biology
II Infection and Microbiology
Section 3 Perioperative and Orthopaedic Medicine
I Thromboprophylaxis
II Perioperative Disease and Comorbidities
Section 4 Other Basic Principles
I Imaging and Special Studies
II Biomaterials and Biomechanics
CHAPTER 2. Anatomy
Top Testable Topics
Introduction
Overview
Upper Extremity
Shoulder
ARM
Forearm
Wrist and Hand
Lower Extremity
Pelvis, Hip, and Thigh
Knee and Leg
Ankle and Foot
Spine
Osteology
Arthrology
Surgical Approaches to the Spine (Table 2.46)
Testable Concepts
Section 2 Upper Extremity
Section 3 Lower Extremity
Section 4 Spine
CHAPTER 3. Pediatric Orthopaedics
Top Testable Topics
Upper Extremity Problems (See Chapter 7, Hand, Upper Extremity, and Microvascular Surgery)
Brachial Plexus Palsy
Sprengel Deformity
Fibrotic Deltoid Problems
Congenital Pseudarthrosis of the Clavicle
Poland Syndrome
Apert Syndrome
Lower Extremity Problems: General
Rotational Problems of the Lower Extremities
Leg Length Discrepancy
Hip and Femur
Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip
Congenital Coxa Vara
Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease (Coxa Plana)
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
Bladder Exstrophy
Proximal Femoral Focal Deficiency
Lower Extremity Inflammation and Infection (See Chapter 1, Basic Science) (Table 3.5)
Knee and Leg
Leg
Tibial Bowing
Pediatric/Adolescent Sports Knee (See Chapter 4, Sports Medicine)
Osteochondritis Dissecans
Osgood-Schlatter Disease (See Chapter 4, Sports Medicine)
Discoid Meniscus (See Chapter 4, Sports Medicine)
Tibial Spine Fractures (See Chapter 11, Trauma)
Congenital Dislocation of the Knee
Foot
Clubfoot (Congenital Talipes Equinovarus)
Metatarsus Adductus and Skewfoot
Pes Cavus (Cavus Foot)
Congenital Vertical Talus (Congenital Convex Pes Valgus)
Tarsal Coalitions (Fig. 3.24)
Calcaneovalgus Foot
Juvenile Bunions
Kohler Disease
Freiberg Disease
Flexible Pes Planus
Idiopathic Toe Walking
Accessory Navicular
Ball-and-Socket Ankle
Congenital Toe Disorders
Pediatric Spine
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Early-Onset Scoliosis
Juvenile Idiopathic Scoliosis
Infantile Idiopathic Scoliosis
Congenital Spinal Deformities
Neuromuscular Scoliosis (Table 3.9)
Neurofibromatosis
Kyphosis
Cervical Spine Disorders
Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis
Other Spinal Conditions
Cerebral Palsy
Introduction
Classification
Orthopaedic Assessment
Spasticity Treatment
Gait Disorders
Spinal Disorders
Hip Subluxation and Dislocation
Knee Abnormalities
Foot and Ankle Abnormalities
Upper Extremity Management
Neuromuscular Disorders
Arthrogrypotic Syndromes
Myelodysplasia (Spina Bifida)
Myopathies (Muscular Dystrophies)
Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis
Hereditary Neuropathies
Myasthenia Gravis
Anterior Horn Cell Disorders
Acute Idiopathic Postinfectious Polyneuropathy (Guillain-Barré Syndrome)
Overgrowth Syndromes
Bone Dysplasias
Introduction
Achondroplasia
Pseudoachondroplasia
Multiple Epiphyseal Dysplasia
Spondyloepiphyseal Dysplasia
Chondrodysplasia Punctata
Kniest Syndrome
Metaphyseal Chondrodysplasia
Progressive Diaphyseal Dysplasia (Camurati-Engelmann Disease)
Mucopolysaccharidosis
Diastrophic Dysplasia
Cleidocranial Dysplasia (Dysostosis)
Osteopetrosis
Infantile Cortical Hyperostosis (Caffey Disease)
Dysplasia Epiphysealis Hemimelica (Trevor Disease)
Syndromes with Orthopaedic Manifestations
Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21)
Turner Syndrome
Prader-Willi Syndrome
Marfan Syndrome
Homocystinuria
Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva
Rett Syndrome
Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome
Nail-Patella Syndrome (Hereditary Onycho-osteodysplasia)
Hematopoietic and Metabolic Disorders and Arthritides
Gaucher Disease
Niemann-Pick Disease
Sickle Cell Anemia
Thalassemia
Hemophilia
Leukemia
Rickets
Osteogenesis Imperfecta (Table 3.19)
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Testable Concepts
Section 1 Upper Extremity
Section 2 Lower Extremity: General
Section 3 Hip And Femur
Section 4 Knee And Leg
Section 5 Foot
I Clubfoot
II Pes Cavus
III Congenital Vertical Talus
IV Tarsal Coalition
Section 6 Spine
I Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
II Infantile Idiopathic Scoliosis
III Congenital Spinal Deformities
IV Neuromuscular Scoliosis
V Cervical Spine Disorders
VI Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis
VII Other Spinal Conditions
Section 7 Cerebral Palsy
Section 8 Neuromuscular Disorders
Section 9 Bone Dysplasias
I Achondroplasia
II Pseudoachondroplasia
III Multiple Epiphyseal Dysplasia
IV Mucopolysaccharidosis
V Diastrophic Dysplasia
VI Osteopetrosis
Section 10 Syndromes With Orthopaedic Manifestations
I Down Syndrome
II Marfan Syndrome
III Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome
Section 11 Hematopoietic And Metabolic Disorders And Arthritides
I Sickle Cell Anemia
II Rickets
III Osteogenesis Imperfecta
IV Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
CHAPTER 4. Sports Medicine
Top Testable Topics
Section 1 Knee
Anatomy (Fig. 4.1)
Biomechanics
Diagnostic Techniques
Knee Arthroscopy
Meniscal Injuries
Ligament Injuries
Osteochondral Lesions
Synovial Lesions
Patellofemoral Disorders
Pediatric Knee Injuries
Section 2 Pelvis, HIP, and Thigh
Contusions
Avulsion Injuries
Muscle Injuries
Bursitis
Nerve Entrapment Syndromes
Bone Disorders
Intraarticular Disorders
Femoroacetabular Impingement
Other Hip Disorders
Hip Arthroscopy
Section 3 Shoulder
Anatomy (Figs. 4.38 and 4.39; Table 4.6)
Biomechanics
Diagnostic Techniques
Shoulder Arthroscopy
Shoulder Instability
Subacromial Impingement Syndrome
Rotator Cuff Disease
Subscapularis Tears (Fig. 4.54)
Rotator Cuff Tear Arthropathy
Subcoracoid Impingement
Internal Impingement
Superior Labrum From Anterior to Posterior Tears
Proximal Biceps Tendon Pathology
Acromioclavicular and Sternoclavicular Injuries
Muscle Ruptures
Shoulder Stiffness
Nerve Disorders
Other Shoulder Disorders
Section 4 Medical Aspects of Sports Medicine
Preparticipation Physical Examination
Cardiac Abnormalities in Athletes
Concussion
Sickle Cell Disease
Metabolic Issues in Athletes
Ergogenic Drugs
Considerations for the Female Athlete
Infectious Disease in Athletes
Miscellaneous Sports-Related Injuries and Issues
Testable Concepts
Section 1 Knee
Section 2 Pelvis, HIP, and Thigh
Section 3 Shoulder
Section 4 Medical Aspects of Sports Medicine
CHAPTER 5. Adult Reconstruction
Top Testable Topics
Hip
Knee
Shoulder Arthroplasty
Section 1 Evaluation of the Adult Patient With Hip Pain
Physical Examination Tests for Hip Irritability
Imaging
Section 2 Structural Hip Disorders in the Adult
Natural History
Spectrum of Presentation
Anatomy of Adult Hip Dysplasia
Lateral center edge (CE) angle <20 degrees
Anterior CE angle <20 degrees
Acetabular index >5 degrees
Treatment of Dysplasia
Femoroacetabular Impingement
Treatment of Femoroacetabular Impingement
Section 3 Osteonecrosis of the Hip
Occurrence
Etiology (See Chapter 1, Basic Sciences)
Clinical Presentation
Imaging
Staging (Table 5.1)
Treatment
Transient Osteoporosis of the Hip (Also Known as Transient Bone Marrow Edema Syndrome)
Section 4 Treatment of Hip Arthritis
Nonoperative
Operative
Section 5 Total Hip Arthroplasty
Indications
Surgical Approaches
Templating
Implant Fixation
Femoral Stem Design
Femoral Stem Loading
Femoral Stress Shielding
Femoral Stem Breakage (Fig. 5.23)
Section 6 Articular Bearings and Corrosion in Total Hip Arthroplasty
Introduction
Polyethylene
Polyethylene Wear and Osteolysis
Osteolysis Process
Osteolysis Around Total Hip Arthroplasty Prosthesis—Effective Joint Space
Particle Debris Formation—Linear Versus Volumetric Wear
Osteolysis—Radiographic Findings in THA
Treatment of Polyethylene Wear
Bearing Lubrication
Metal and Ceramic on Polyethylene
Metal on Metal
Hip Resurfacing
Ceramic-on-Ceramic Bearing
Dual-Mobility Components (Fig. 5.44)
Trunnion Corrosion
Section 7 Total Hip Arthroplasty—Joint Stability
Incidence of THA Dislocation
Risk Factors for Dislocation
Assessment
Treatment
Section 8 Revision THA
Presentation
Acetabular Side (Fig. 5.63)
Femoral Side (Fig. 5.69)
Section 9 Periprosthetic THA Fracture
Time of Fracture
Intraoperative Fracture
Early Postoperative Fracture
Late Fracture
Section 10 Total Hip Arthroplasty—Miscellaneous
Nerve Injury and Hematoma
Anatomy
Specific Complications and Host Risk Factors
Venous Thrombosis
Heterotopic Ossification
Iliopsoas Impingement
Implant Facts
Section 11 Knee Arthritis Assessment
Clinical Presentation
Imaging Studies
Section 12 Knee Arthritis Treatment
Consensus Treatment
Section 13 Total Knee Arthroplasty
Indications
Preoperative Risk Reduction
Preoperative Planning
Total Knee Arthroplasty Alignment Techniques
Mechanical Alignment—Technical Goals
Bone Cuts in Total Knee Arthroplasty—Goals
Coronal Plane Ligament Balancing
Sagittal Plane Ligament Balancing
Perioperative Management
Postoperative Management
Complications
Section 14 Total Knee Arthroplasty Design
Design Categories
Cruciate-Retaining Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty Design
Cruciate-Sacrificing Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty Designs
Tibial Rotating Platform in Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty
Modularity in Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty
All-Polyethylene Tibia
Constraint in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Section 15 Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty
Preoperative Evaluation
Treatment
Surgical Approach
Implant System
Technique of Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty
Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty—Patella
Section 16 Patellar Tracking in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Introduction
Q Angle in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Total Knee Arthroplasty Techniques to Optimize Patellar Tracking
Assessment of Patellar Maltracking
Patella Baja
Patellar Resurfacing Versus Nonresurfacing
Section 17 Catastrophic Wear in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Premature Failure of Total Knee Arthroplasty Due to:
Factors Involved in Creating a Catastrophic Wear Scenario
“Perfect Storm” Scenario for Catastrophic Wear (Fig. 5.129)
Measures to Mitigate Catastrophic Wear
Section 18 Osteonecrosis of the Knee
Overview
Spontaneous Osteonecrosis Knee
Secondary Osteonecrosis Knee
Postarthroscopy Osteonecrosis Knee
Section 19 Glenohumeral Arthritis
Introduction
History and Physical Examination
Imaging
Treatment
Section 20 Shoulder Hemiarthroplasty
Indications
Requirements
Complications
Conversion from Hemiarthroplasty to Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Hemiarthroplasty for Cuff Tear Arthropathy
Section 21 Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Introduction
Requirements
Component Positioning
Rehabilitation
Complications
Section 22 Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Introduction
Requirements
Component Positioning
Complications
Section 23 Infection in Shoulder Arthroplasty
Introduction
Common Organisms
History and Physical Examination
Investigations
Microbiology
Management
Testable Concepts
Section 1 Evaluation of the Adult Patient With Hip Pain
Section 2 Structural Hip Disorders in the Adult Hip
Section 3 Osteonecrosis of the Hip
Section 4 Treatment of Hip Arthritis
Section 5 Total Hip Arthroplasty
Section 6 Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty
Section 7 Articular Bearings and Corrosion in THA
Section 8 Periprosthetic Total Hip Arthroplasty Fracture
Section 9 Total Hip Arthroplasty—Miscellaneous
Section 10 Total Hip Arthroplasty—Joint Stability
Section 11 Knee Arthritis Assessment
Section 12 Knee Arthritis Treatment
Section 13 Total Knee Arthroplasty
Section 14 Total Knee Arthroplasty Design
Section 15 Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty
Section 16 Patellar Tracking in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Section 17 Catastrophic Wear in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Section 18 Osteonecrosis of the Knee
Section 19 Glenohumeral Arthritis
Section 20 Shoulder Hemiarthroplasty
Section 21 Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Section 22 Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Section 23 Infection in Shoulder Arthroplasty
CHAPTER 6. Disorders of the Foot and Ankle
Top Testable Topics
Biomechanics of the Foot and Ankle
Anatomy
Foot Positions Versus Foot Motions
Gait Cycle
Physical Examination of the Foot and Ankle
Inspection
Gait Evaluation
Vascular Examination
Neurologic Examination
Motor Examination
Palpation and Stability Assessment
Range of Motion
Radiographic Evaluation of the Foot and Ankle
Adult Hallux Valgus
IMA ≤13 degrees and HVA ≤40 degrees
IMA >13 degrees or HVA >40 degrees
Instability of the first TMT/joint laxity
Arthritis or spasticity
Increased DMAA
HVI
Nerve Injury
Juvenile and Adolescent Hallux Valgus
Hallux Varus
Lesser-Toe Deformities
Anatomy and Function
Deformities
Hyperkeratotic Pathologies
Intractable Plantar Keratosis
Bunionette Deformity (Tailor’s Bunion)
Sesamoids
Anatomy
Deformities
Accessory Bones (Fig. 6.60)
Neurologic Disorders
Interdigital Neuritis (Morton Neuroma)
Recurrent Neuroma
Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
Plantar Nerve Problems
Anterior Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
Superficial Peroneal Nerve Entrapment
Sural or Saphenous Nerve Entrapment
Sequelae of Upper Motor Neuron Disorders
Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease
Peripheral Nerve Injury and Tendon Transfers
Arthritic Disease
Crystalline Disease
Seronegative Spondyloarthropathy
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Osteoarthritis
Postural Disorders
Pes Planus (Flatfoot Deformity)
Pes Cavus Deformity
Tendon Disorders
Achilles Tendon
Peroneal Tendons
Posterior Tibial Tendon
Anterior Tibial Tendon
Flexor Hallucis Longus
Heel Pain
Plantar Heel Pain
Achilles Disorders
Ankle Pain and Sports Injuries
Ankle Sprains
Gastrocnemius Strain
High Ankle Sprains
Ankle Impingement
Osteochondral Lesions
Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome
Technical Pearls for Ankle Arthroscopy (Fig. 6.105)
The Diabetic Foot
Pathophysiology
Clinical Problems
Trauma
Phalangeal Fractures
Metatarsal Fractures
First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Injuries
Tarsometatarsal Fractures and Dislocations (Lisfranc Injury)
Midfoot Injuries (Excluding Lisfranc Injuries)
Talus Fractures
Calcaneus Fractures
Peritalar (Subtalar) Dislocations
Compartment Syndrome
Ankle Fractures
Pilon (Tibial Plafond) Fractures
Testable Concepts
Section 1 Biomechanics of the Foot and Ankle
Section 2 Physical Examination of the Foot and Ankle
Section 3 Adult Hallux Valgus
Section 4 Juvenile and Adolescent Hallux Valgus
Section 5 Hallux Varus
Section 6 Lesser-Toe Deformities
Section 7 Hyperkeratotic Pathologies
Section 8 Sesamoids
Section 9 Neurologic Disorders
Section 10 Arthritic Disease
Section 11 Postural Disorders
Section 12 Tendon Disorders
Section 13 Heel Pain
Section 14 Ankle Pain and Sports Injuries
Section 15 The Diabetic Foot
Section 16 Trauma
CHAPTER 7. Hand, Upper Extremity, and Microvascular Surgery
Top Testable Topics
Anatomy
Distal Radius Fractures
Carpal Fractures and Instability
Metacarpal and Phalangeal Injuries
Tendon Injuries and Overuse Syndromes
Distal Radioulnar Joint, Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex, and Wrist Arthroscopy
Nail and Fingertip Injuries
Soft Tissue Coverage and Microsurgery
Vascular Disorders
Compression Neuropathy
Systemic
Inflammatory
Fluid Imbalance
Anatomic
Mass
Nerve Injuries and Tendon Transfers
Arthritis
Idiopathic Osteonecrosis of the Carpus
Dupuytren Disease
Hand Tumors
Hand Infections
Injection Injury
Congenital Hand Differences
Elbow
Testable Concepts
Anatomy
Distal Radius Fractures
Carpal Fractures and Instability
Metacarpal and Phalangeal Injuries
Tendon Injuries and Overuse Syndromes
DRUJ, TFCC, Wrist Arthroscopy
Nail and Fingertip Injuries
Soft Tissue Coverage and Microsurgery
Vascular Disorders
Compression Neuropathy
Median Nerve
Ulnar Nerve
Radial Nerve
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Nerve Injuries and Tendon Transfers
Arthritis
Idiopathic Osteonecrosis of the Carpus
Dupuytren Disease
Hand Tumors
Hand Infections
Congenital Hand Differences
Elbow
ANATOMY
DISTAL RADIUS FRACTURES
CARPAL FRACTURES AND INSTABILITY
METACARPAL AND PHALANGEAL INJURIES
TENDON INJURIES AND OVERUSE SYNDROMES
DISTAL RADIOULNAR JOINT, TRIANGULAR FIBROCARTILAGE COMPLEX, AND WRIST ARTHROSCOPY
NAIL AND FINGERTIP INJURIES
SOFT TISSUE COVERAGE AND MICROSURGERY
VASCULAR DISORDERS
COMPRESSION NEUROPATHY
NERVE INJURIES AND TENDON TRANSFERS
ARTHRITIS
IDIOPATHIC OSTEONECROSIS OF THE CARPUS
DUPUYTREN DISEASE
HAND TUMORS
HAND INFECTIONS
CONGENITAL HAND DIFFERENCES
ELBOW
CHAPTER 8. Spine
Top Testable Topics
Introduction
Cervical Spine
Thoracic Spine
Lumbar Spine
Adult Deformity
Sacropelvis
Spinal Tumors
Spinal Infections and Inflammatory Arthritides
Spinal Trauma
Testable Concepts
Section 1 Introduction
Section 2 Cervical Spine
Section 3 Thoracic Spine
Section 4 Lumbar Spine
I Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease
II Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
III Spondylolysis And Spondylolisthesis
IV Cauda Equina
Section 5 Adult Deformity
I Scoliosis—Coronal Plane Deformity
II Kyphosis—Sagittal Plane Deformity
Section 6 Sacropelvis
Section 7 Spinal Tumors
Section 8 Spinal Infections and Inflammatory Arthritides
I Osteodiscitis
II Epidural Abscess
III Tuberculosis Spondylitis
IV Ankylosing Spondylitis
V Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis
Section 9 Skeletal Trauma
I Upper Cervical Spine Injuries (C1–C2)
II Lower Cervical Spine (C3–C7)
III Thoracolumbar and Lumbar Spine Injuries
CHAPTER 9. Orthopaedic Pathology
Top Testable Topics
Section 1 Principles of Practice
Presentation
Imaging
Biopsy (Bone and Soft Tissue)
Molecular Biology (Bone and Soft Tissue)
Grading (Bone and Soft Tissue)
Staging (Bone and Soft Tissue)
Treatment (Bone and Soft Tissue)
Section 2 Soft Tissue Tumors
Introduction
Malignant Soft Tissue Tumors (Soft Tissue Sarcomas)
Soft Tissue Sarcoma Subtypes
Benign Soft Tissue Tumors
Tumors of Fibrous Tissue
Tumors of Fatty Tissue
Tumors of Neural Tissue
Vascular Tumors
Synovial Proliferative Disorders
Post-Traumatic Conditions
Clinical Pearls for Soft Tissue Sarcoma (Table 9.19)
Section 3 Bone Tumors
Presentation
Bone-Producing Lesions
Nonosteogenic Osteosarcoma/Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma of Bone
Chondrogenic Lesions
Fibrous Lesions
Notochordal Tissue Tumors
Vascular Tumors
Hematopoietic Tumors
Tumors of Unknown Origin
Tumorlike Conditions
Metastatic Bone Disease
Testable Concepts
CHAPTER 10. Rehabilitation
Top Testable Topics
Section 1 Gait
Walking
Gait Dynamics (Fig. 10.2)
Determinants of Gait (Motion Patterns)
Muscle Action (See Fig. 10.2)
Pathologic Gait
Section 2 Amputations
Introduction
Metabolic Cost of Amputee Gait
Load Transfer
Amputation Wound Healing
Pediatric Amputation
Amputation After Trauma
Risk Factors
Musculoskeletal Tumors
Technical Considerations
Complications
Upper Limb Amputations (Fig. 10.4)
Lower Limb Amputations (See Fig. 10.4)
Section 3 Prostheses
General Considerations
Upper Limb
Lower Limb
Section 4 Orthoses
Introduction
Shoes
Foot Orthoses
Ankle-Foot Orthoses
Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthosis
Hip-Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthosis
Elbow Orthosis
Wrist-Hand Orthosis
Fracture Braces
Pediatric Orthoses
Spine Orthoses
Section 5 Surgery for Stroke and Closed-Head Injury
Introduction
Lower Limb
Upper Limb
Section 6 Postpolio Syndrome
Cause
Treatment
Testable Concepts
CHAPTER 11. Trauma
Top Testable Topics
Section 1 General Trauma Topics
Polytrauma Management
Open Fracture Management
Basics of Fracture Healing and Fixation
Specific Trauma Scenarios
Section 2 Upper Extremity
Shoulder Injuries (Clavicle and Scapula)
Proximal Humerus Fractures (Fig. 11.3)
Humerus Shaft Fractures
Elbow Injuries
Forearm Injuries
Wrist, Carpal and Hand Trauma (See Chapter 7, Hand, Upper Extremity, and Microvascular Surgery)
Section 3 Pelvis
Pelvic Ring Injuries
Sacral Fractures
Acetabulum Fractures
Section 4 Lower Extremity Injuries
Geriatric Hip Fractures
Young Adult Proximal Femur Injuries
Femur Fractures
Knee Injuries (Table 11.3)
Tibia Plateau/Shaft Injuries (Table 11.4)
Pilon, Ankle, and Foot Fractures (See Chapter 6, Disorders of the Foot and Ankle)
Section 5 Pediatric Trauma
General Topics
Child Abuse
Physeal Fractures
Pediatric Polytrauma
Pediatric Upper Extremity
Elbow Injuries (Table 11.6)
Forearm Fractures
Pediatric Scaphoid Fracture
Lower Extremity Injuries
Acknowledgments
Top Testable Concepts
SECTION I CARE OF THE MULTIPLY INJURED PATIENT
I. Principles of Trauma Care
II. Care of Injuries to Specific Tissues
SECTION 2 UPPER EXTREMITY
SECTION 3 LOWER EXTREMITY AND PELVIS
SECTION 4 PEDIATRIC TRAUMA
CHAPTER 12. Principles of Practice
Top Testable Topics
Section 1 PRINCIPLES OF PRACTICE
Introduction (Fig. 12.1)
Medical Professionalism in the New Millennium: A Physician Charter (2002)
Aspirational Documents
Standards of Professionalism
Child, Elder, and Spousal Abuse
Sexual Misconduct
The Impaired Physician
Sports Medicine Issues
Research
Medical Liability
Testable Concepts
CHAPTER 13. Biostatistics and Research Design
Top Testable Topics
Introduction
Selecting a Research Study Design (Fig. 13.1)
Evidence-Based Medicine
Clinical Research Designs
Common Flaws in Research Designs
How Many Subjects are Needed to Complete a Research Study?
What Outcomes Should be Included in a Research Study?
Describing Your Data with Simple Statistics
Concepts in Epidemiologic Research Studies
Testing Your Hypotheses with Statistics
What Statistical Test to use in Research Studies
Validity and Reliability
Interpretation of Statistical Test Results
Clinical Research Designs
Common Flaws in Research Designs
How Many Subjects Are Needed to Complete a Research Study?
Describing Your Data With Simple Statistics
Concepts in Epidemiologic Research Studies
What Statistical Test to Use for Different Analyses in Research
Validity and Reliability
Interpretation of Statistical Test Results
Testable Concepts
Index

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