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MicroRNA in Human Malignancies

1st Edition - February 17, 2022

Editors: Massimo Negrini, George A. Calin, Carlo M. Croce

Paperback ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 2 2 8 7 - 4

eBook ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 3 2 7 4 - 3

MicroRNA in Human Malignancies offers a deep overview of the role and translational significance of miRNAs in the development of cancer and other malignancies. The book… Read more

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MicroRNA in Human Malignancies offers a deep overview of the role and translational significance of miRNAs in the development of cancer and other malignancies. The book establishes the foundations of the field by covering essential mechanisms and the translational potential of miRNAs in the field of oncology. Specific topics covered include invasion and metastasis, miRNAs and metabolism, and opportunities of miRNAs in therapeutics. Chapters on diseases include content on disease-related pathophysiology, as well as diagnostic, prognostic and predictive value. This book is an essential reference for students entering the field, as well as researchers and investigators.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Section A: miRNAs involvement in basic mechanisms of cancer development
Chapter 1: Overview on miRNA classification, biogenesis, and functions
Abstract
Introduction
MicroRNA and the complex biological system of gene expression
MicroRNA biogenesis, nomenclature, and classification
Mechanisms of miRNA-mediated gene regulation
Concluding remarks
References
Chapter 2: microRNA in cancer: An overview
Abstract
The dawn of miRNAs in human biology
First reported miRNA cancer-associated alterations
The age of discovery: Microarrays and miRNA cancer signatures
Functional classification of miRNA: The line between tumor suppressor and oncomiRs
Development of miRNA as biomarkers
The transition of miRNA into clinics
Conclusion and future perspectives
References
Chapter 3: miR-15/16 in human malignancies
Abstract
13q deletions in CLL and miR-15/16
Other mechanisms of miR-15/16 dysregulation
Interplay between ROR1, Bcl2, and miR-15/16 in CLL
miR-15/16 in mice
miR-15/16 in human AML and MDS
miR-15/16 in solid cancers
References
Chapter 4: microRNAs and tumor suppressor p53 regulation
Abstract
p53 and its signaling pathway
GOF mutant p53 in cancer
miRNAs regulated by wild-type p53
miRNAs that directly regulate p53
miRNAs that indirectly regulate p53
miRNAs regulated by GOF mutp53
Conclusion
References
Chapter 5: MicroRNA involvement in invasion and metastasis
Abstract
Acknowledgment
Introduction—The process of metastasis
Direct regulation of metastasis
Indirect regulation of metastasis
Translational application of metastasis-associated miRNAs
Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 6: microRNAs and metabolism
Abstract
Introduction
Trafficking and consumption of glucose
NcRNAs can influence glucose metabolism by regulating cancer-associated signaling pathways
PI3K/Akt/mTOR and HIF-1 signaling pathway
p53 signaling pathway
Conclusion and future perspectives
References
Chapter 7: microRNAs in inflammation processes
Abstract
Introduction
MiRNA biogenesis and functions
Inflammation and mechanism of activation
miRNAs in inflammatory disease
Conclusion
References
Section B: miRNAs methodologies
Chapter 8: Wet-lab methods for miRNA analysis
Abstract
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Methods for miRNA discovery and detection
Functional miRNA analysis
Final remarks
References
Chapter 9: Bioinformatics utilities, web resources and integrative strategies for the analysis of miRNA regulatory networks
Abstract
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Target prediction algorithms
In silico functional assessment of miRNAs: Tips and tricks
Functional analysis of miRNAs associated with survival time in lung adenocarcinoma: A test case
Conclusions
References
Chapter 10: Computational resources for analysis of miRNA targetome
Abstract
Introduction
miRNA target databases
miRNA algorithms
Conclusion
References
Chapter 11: miRNA bioinformatics and pathway analysis
Abstract
The microRNA synergy
Role of microRNAs in biological signaling pathways
Pathways: The manually curated maps of the cell interactome
The miRNA interactome
miRNA pathway analysis methods
Conclusions
References
Section C: miRNAs involvement in therapeutics/ theranostics
Chapter 12: Opportunities of miRNAs in cancer therapeutics
Abstract
Introduction
MicroRNA-based drug design
MicroRNA-based therapeutics in the current clinic
The future of miRNAs in the clinic
References
Section D: miRNAs involvement in human cancer: Pathophysiology and translational opportunities
Chapter 13: Pathophysiology roles and translational opportunities of miRNAs in acute leukemias
Abstract
Introduction
MiRNAs involved in the pathogenesis of AML
miRNAs as biomarkers
miRNAs in chemoresistance
miRNAs as therapeutic targets
Role of miR-15/16 clusters in AML pathogenesis
Conclusions
References
Chapter 14: Pathophysiology roles and translational opportunities of miRNAs in CLL
Abstract
MicroRNAs and the cellular origin of CLL cells
MicroRNAs and CLL genetics
microRNAs in proliferation and survival of CLL cells
microRNAs and BCR signaling
MicroRNAs and microenvironment
MicroRNAs and apoptosis
Translational opportunities
References
Chapter 15: Pathophysiology roles and translational opportunities of miRNAs in lymphoma
Abstract
Summary
miRNAs and pathophysiology
miRNAs regulate the expression of genes that promote B-cell differentiation
References
Chapter 16: Pathophysiology rolesr and translational opportunities of miRNAs in breast cancer
Abstract
Breast physiology and pathology
MicroRNAs in breast physiology
MicroRNAs in breast cancer
Conclusions
References
Chapter 17: Pathophysiology roles and translational opportunities of miRNAs in colorectal cancer
Abstract
Introduction
Involvement of miRNAs in the pathophysiology of CRC
The interconnection between miRNAs and epigenetics in CRC
Translational opportunities of miRNAs in CRC
Perspectives and future challenges
Funding
References
Chapter 18: Pathophysiology roles and translational opportunities of miRNAs in lung cancer
Abstract
Pathophysiology
Tissutal miRNAs as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers
Circulating miRNAs
References
Chapter 19: Pathophysiology roles and translational opportunities of miRNAs in mesothelioma
Abstract
Introduction
miRNAs as biomarkers for MPM diagnosis
miRNAs as biomarkers for malignant pleural mesothelioma prognosis
Contribution of miRNAs in drug MPM resistance
Therapeutic role of miRNAs
Conclusion and future perspectives
References
Chapter 20: Pathophysiology roles and translational opportunities of miRNAs in renal cancer
Abstract
Introduction
Pathophysiology
Diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive value
Circulating miRNAs
Conclusions
References
Chapter 21: Pathophysiology roles and translational opportunities of miRNAs in pancreatic cancer
Abstract
Introduction
Pathology of pancreatic cancer
Molecular basis of pancreatic cancer
miRNAs in pancreatic cancer
Conclusion
References
Chapter 22: Extracellular vesicle-contained microRNAs in prostate cancer: From pathophysiology to emerging translational opportunities
Abstract
Overview
EV-contained miRNAs in PCa pathophysiology—What do we know so far?
Translational opportunities of EV-contained miRNAs for prostate cancer management
EV miRNAs in clinical practice—What do we still need to accomplish?
Funding
References
Chapter 23: Pathophysiology roles and translational opportunities of miRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma
Abstract
Introduction
Pathophysiology
MicroRNA deregulation in HCC
Diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive values of miRNAs
References
Chapter 24: Pathophysiology roles and translational opportunities of miRNAs in ovarian cancer
Abstract
Introduction
Pathophysiology
Extracellular miRNAs and prediction of treatment response
Concluding remarks
References
Chapter 25: Pathophysiology roles and translational opportunities of miRNAs in bladder cancer
Abstract
Bladder cancer epidemiology
Bladder cancer classification and diagnosis
MicroRNAs altered in BC and relevant for BC pathophysiology
MicroRNAs as diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers
Circulating miRNAs in extracellular vesicles
Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 26: Pathophysiology roles and translational opportunities of miRNAs in cutaneous melanoma
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma
MicroRNA
Circulating microRNAs as melanoma biomarkers
References
Chapter 27: Pathophysiology roles and translational opportunities of miRNAs in brain tumors
Abstract
Introduction
MiRNAs and perturbed cellular circuits in gliomas and glioblastomas
miRNAs and the glioma architecture
miRNAs and homotypic interactions between glioma cells
miRNAs and heterotypic interactions of gliomas and glioblastoma
Translating brain miRNAs in the clinical setting
References
Chapter 28: Pathophysiology roles and translational opportunities of miRNAs in sarcomas
Abstract
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis and progression of bone sarcomas
Role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis and progression of soft tissue sarcomas
Circulating miRNAs in sarcoma
MiRNA and therapeutic approaches in sarcoma
Concluding remarks
References
Index

Massimo Negrini

Massimo Negrini is an associate professor in Oncology at the University of Ferrara, where he teaches Molecular Oncology in different graduate and post-graduate programs. He is also director of the Specialization School in Oncology at the University of Ferrara and a biologist executive at the Hospital of Ferrara. He is editor-in-chief of the journal High-Throughput, an international, open access biomedical journal focused on the use of high-throughput technologies (microarray, NGS and other) and serves on the editorial boards of several other international biomedical journals focused on nucleic acids investigation. Prof. Negrini has co-authored more than 248 papers in international peer-reviewed journals.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor of Medical Genetics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy

George A. Calin

George A. Calin received both his M.D. and Ph.D. degrees at Carol Davila University of Medicine in Bucharest, Romania. Since 2007, he has run an independent research group at the M. D. Anderson Cancer Center in Houston and produced a new advance by linking new classes of non-coding RNAs to cancer. He is presently a Professor in Experimental Therapeutics at MDACC and studies the roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) and other non-coding RNAs in cancer initiation and progression and in immune disorders, as well as the mechanisms of cancer predisposition linked to ncRNAs. Furthermore, he explores the roles of body fluids miRNAs as potential hormones and biomarkers, as well as new RNA therapeutic options for cancer patients. He has co-authored more than 400 papers and over 20 book chapters

Affiliations and expertise

Professor in Experimental Therapeutics, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States

Carlo M. Croce

Carlo M. Croce received his B.S. and M.D. degrees from University of Rome. In 1991, Dr. Croce was recruited as director of Kimmel Cancer Institute/Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University. From 2004-2018, Dr. Croce served as John W. Wolfe Chair in Human Cancer Genetics, Chairman of the Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, and Director of the Institute of Genetics, The Ohio State University (OSU). He is currently professor with the Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics at OSU. He has published more than 1,000 papers in international journals including Science, Nature, Cell, New Engl J Med, JAMA, and Cancer Cell. His research has yielded 62 issued U.S. patents. Dr. Croce is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, The National Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Medicine, and AACR Academy.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States