Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis and CNS Disorders
Recent Progress and Perspectives
- 1st Edition - January 21, 2025
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Editors: Neeraj Mishra, Anoop Kumar
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 2 1 6 8 0 - 0
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 2 1 6 8 1 - 7
Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis and CNS Disorders: Recent Progress and Perspectives on Human Disease summarizes the main findings on gut-brain axis in different types of CNS disord… Read more
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Request a sales quoteMicrobiota-Gut-Brain Axis and CNS Disorders: Recent Progress and Perspectives on Human Disease summarizes the main findings on gut-brain axis in different types of CNS disorders, providing a complete overview of the field. The content helps unravel the complex interactions of the microbiota-gut-brain-axis in CNS disorders to pave a better understanding of microbiota-mediated pathogenesis, avenues for noninvasive prognosis, and therapeutic possibilities leveraging microbiota-gut-brain-axis modulations. Coverage includes the role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis and gut virome on human diseases including Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, Huntington’s Disease, Depression and Anxiety, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Multiple Sclerosis, Stroke, and others.
This book will satisfy the urgent need for a broader view of the current associations between gut microbiota alterations and development of CNS disorders, including the use of novel therapeutic approaches for restoring the correct intestinal bacteria content. It is the perfect reference for translational and clinical gut and microbiome researchers tackling the challenges of delivering genes and drugs in a more targeted and efficient manner for the treatment of CNS disorders.
This book will satisfy the urgent need for a broader view of the current associations between gut microbiota alterations and development of CNS disorders, including the use of novel therapeutic approaches for restoring the correct intestinal bacteria content. It is the perfect reference for translational and clinical gut and microbiome researchers tackling the challenges of delivering genes and drugs in a more targeted and efficient manner for the treatment of CNS disorders.
- Discusses the development of both health and disease in interdisciplinary research involving gut microbiology
- Provides an understanding the role of Microbiome-Gut-Brain axis in neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases, including central nervous system (CNS) malignancies
- Delivers a compilation of current clinical studies to further investigate the role of diet in varying neurological disorders
Graduates, translational and clinical gut, microbiome, and respiratory researchers tackling the challenges of delivering drugs and genes in a more targeted and efficient manner for the treatment of CNS disorders, Undergraduate and post graduate students from various disciplines such as pharmacy, microbiology, immunology, pharmacology, biotechnology, and health sciences
- Title of Book
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Contributors
- Chapter 1. Overview of microbiota gut-brain-axis
- Introduction
- Microbiota: Friends with benefits
- Gut-brain axis
- Microbiota-gut-brain axis
- Evolution, microbiota, and the holobiont
- Bidirectional communication of the gut-brain axis
- Gut microbiota
- Gut-brain axis links
- From gut microbiota to brain axis
- From brain to gut microbiota
- Microbiota-gut-brain axis's role in neurotransmitter modulation
- Comprehend the functional significance of microbes in the gut-brain axis
- Physiological and pathological role of microbiota in the gut-brain axis
- Physiological functions
- Pathophysiological functions
- Gut microbiome in neurological disorders
- Studying the microbiota-gut-brain axis
- Perspectives
- Concluding remarks
- Chapter 2. Role of microbiota-gut-brain axis in Alzheimer's disease and possible interventions
- Introduction
- Introduction to gut microbiota
- Role of gut microbiota in the development of the brain
- Influence of microbiota–gut–brain axis on neurodegenerative disease
- Introduction to Alzheimer’s disease
- Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease
- Microbiota–gut–brain axis dysbiosis and Alzheimer’s disease
- Role of microbiota in neurotransmitter synthesis
- Role of short chain fatty acids in neurodegeneration
- Bacterial amyloids
- Lipopolysaccharides and fragments of bacterial cells
- Vagus nerve conduction
- Blood-brain barrier permeability
- Neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration
- Possible interventions targeting gut microbiome in Alzheimer’s disease
- Dietary interventions
- Probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics
- Fecal microbiota transplantation
- Other diets
- Mediterranean diet
- Vegetarian/vegan diet
- Ketogenic diet
- Conclusion
- Chapter 3. Role of microbiota gut–brain axis in Parkinson's disease
- Introduction
- Gastrointestinal dysfunction in Parkinson's disease
- Pathophysiology of gastrointestinal dysfunction in Parkinson's disease
- Gastrointestinal tract and associated brain areas
- Lewy bodies
- Gastrointestinal manifestations in autonomic disorders
- Constipation
- Swallowing disorders
- Alpha-synuclein pathology in Parkinson's disease
- Mechanisms of transmission (α-synuclein cell-to-cell spreading model)
- Therapeutic implications of transmission
- Glymphatic clearance
- α-synuclein immunotherapy
- Noncell autonomous targets
- α-synuclein receptor inhibition
- Targeting the gut
- Microbiota targeted interventions for Parkinson's disease
- Prebiotics
- Probiotics
- Synbiotics
- Diet
- Fecal microbiota transplantation
- Future perspectives and conclusive remarks
- Declaration
- Abbreviations
- Chapter 4. Role of microbiota-gut-brain axis in Huntington’s disease and possible interventions
- Introduction
- Microbiota-gut-brain axis and Huntington’s disease
- Possible interventions targeting the microbiota-gut-brain axis in Huntington’s disease
- Prebiotics
- Probiotics
- Synbiotics
- Fecal microbiota transplantation
- Drugs targeting gut microbiota and central nervous system function
- Metformin
- Clinical implications and future directions
- Conclusion
- Chapter 5. Crosstalk between gut-brain axis and brain components along with associated neurological disorders
- Introduction
- Central nervous system component involved in gut-brain axis function
- Immune cells
- Microglia and astrocytes
- Neurogenesis
- Blood-brain barrier
- Vagus nerve
- Neurotransmitters involved in gut-brain interaction
- Serotonin
- Catecholamine
- Neuropeptides involved in gut-brain interaction
- Association of gut-brain axis with different neurological disorders
- Gut-brain axis in depression and anxiety
- Gut-brain axis in Alzheimer’s disease
- Gut-brain axis in Parkinson’s disease
- Gut-brain axis in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- Gut-brain axis in autism spectrum disorder
- Gut brain axis in schizophrenia
- Gut-brain axis in multiple sclerosis
- Gut-brain axis in stroke
- Gut-brain axis in epilepsy
- Conclusion
- Chapter 6. Role of microbiome-gut-brain axis in autism spectrum disorder
- Introduction
- Epidemiology and comorbidities and pathophysiology
- Pharmacological treatment options
- Role of gut-brain axis in autism spectrum disorder
- Therapeutic involvement of gut microbiota in autism spectrum disorder
- Conclusion
- Chapter 7. Role of microbiota-gut-brain axis in autoimmunity and multiple sclerosis
- Introduction
- Gut-microbiota and its role in immune system regulation
- Myeloid cell regulation
- Neutrophils
- Intestinal eosinophils
- Intestinal macrophages
- Microglia
- Astrocytes
- T cell regulation
- Th17 cells
- Treg cells
- Invariant natural killer T cells
- B cell regulation
- IgA-production
- IgG-production
- IgE-production
- Other lymphoid immune cells regulation
- Innate lymphoid cells
- Gut-associated lymphoid tissues
- Dysbiosis and leaky gut syndrome facilitate autoimmune diseases
- Connection between the gut-microbiome and related immunity in multiple sclerosis
- Strategies for commensal microbiome upregulation to treat autoimmune disorders including multiple sclerosis
- Summary and conclusions
- Chapter 8. Negative impact of stress on gut-brain axis
- Background
- Brain gut microbial axis
- How stress affects microbial diversity
- Possible mechanism through which stress can affect the gut-brain-microbial axis
- Activation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
- Role of corticotrophin releasing hormone
- Role of zonulin
- Presence of food-borne pathogen
- Production of proinflammatory cytokines
- Evidences of how stress can alter gut microbiota composition
- Role of probiotics in the reduction of stress
- Disorders of brain-gut microbiota axis
- Irritable bowel syndrome
- Depression
- Schizophrenia
- Autism spectrum disorder
- Parkinson's disease
- Alzheimer's disease
- Multiple sclerosis
- Chapter 9. Role of microbiota-gut-brain axis in epilepsy and possible interventions
- Introduction
- Role of gut microbiota in epilepsy
- Modulation of gut microbiota for managing epilepsy
- Antiepileptics
- Antibiotics
- Prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics
- Modified diets (ketogenic diet and atkins diet)
- Fecal matter transplantation
- Cannabidiol
- Conclusion
- Chapter 10. Role of microbiota-gut-brain axis in migraine and possible interventions
- Introduction
- Gut-brain axis
- Nerve pathway
- Neuroendocrine pathway
- Immune pathway
- Several types of epithelial barriers
- Irritable bowel syndrome
- Epidemiology
- Pathophysiology
- Role of different types of neurotransmitters
- Acetylcholine
- Dopamine
- Serotonin
- Norepinephrine
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid
- Glutamate
- Microbiota-gut-brain axis in migraine and neurological diseases
- Clinical trial studies
- Conclusion and future prospectives
- Conflict of interest
- Chapter 11. Role of microbiota gut brain axis in stroke and its possible intervention
- Introduction
- Relevance of gut brain axis in stroke
- The influence of gut dysbiosis on stroke risk factors
- Aging
- Metabolic diseases
- Arterial hypertension and vascular dysfunction
- Mechanisms of gut microbiota brain relationships
- Neural pathways
- Immune pathways
- Neuroactive pathway
- Hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis pathways
- Microbial signaling molecules
- Short-chain fatty acids
- Tryptophan metabolites
- Bile acids
- Trimethylamine N-oxide
- Modulation of the gut microbiota as a stroke treatment strategy
- Dietary interventions
- Use of probiotics and prebiotics in stroke
- Fecal microbiome transplantation
- Antibiotics use in stroke victims
- Conclusion and outlook
- Chapter 12. Role of microbiota-gut-brain axis in brain infections and possible interventions
- Introduction
- Microbiota-mediated communicative mechanisms in brain infections
- Trimethylamine/trimethylamine N-oxide
- Short-chain fatty acid
- Bile acids
- Tryptophan
- Neurotransmitter release
- Neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide
- Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide
- Ghrelin
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid
- Peptide YY
- Leptin
- Glucagon-like peptide 1
- Gut-brain axis mediated communicative mechanisms in brain infections
- Neural pathways
- Endocrine pathways
- Immune pathway
- Metabolites pathways
- Microbiota that influences gut-brain axis mechanisms in brain infections
- Gut-brain axis mechanisms that influence microbiota-based mechanisms in brain infection
- Possible interventions
- Probiotic/postbiotics
- Fecal microbiota transplantation
- Conclusion and future perspectives
- Chapter 13. Role of microbiome gut-brain axis in brain disorders
- Introduction
- The gut microbiome development
- Development of gut microbiome in the uterus
- Development of gut microbiome in newborns during lactation
- Development of gut-microbiome during weaning
- Development of gut-microbiome during childhood
- The gut-brain axis
- Pathways for gut-brain axis communication
- Neuroanatomic pathway
- Immunological pathway
- Neuroendocrine-HPA axis pathway
- Neurotransmitter-neuropeptide pathway
- Gut-microbiome role in depression and stress
- Gut microbiome role in migraine
- Gut microbiome role in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
- Gut microbiome role in multiple sclerosis
- Gut microbiome role in autism spectrum disorders
- Gut-microbiome role in schizophrenia
- Gut-microbiome role in Parkinson's disease
- Gut microbiome role in Alzheimer's disease
- Gut microbiome role in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- Conclusions
- Chapter 14. Role of gut microbiota in neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders
- Introduction
- Gut microbiota development and function
- Gut-brain axis
- Factors influencing the gut microbiome
- Role of gut microbiome in neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders
- Conclusion
- Chapter 15. Role of microbiota-gut-brain axis in obesity on cognitive functions
- Introduction
- The gut microbiome
- Gut microbiota in obesity
- Diet, microbiota and behavior
- Gut-brain axis: Bidirectional pathway
- Routes of signaling
- Vagus nerve
- Entero-endocrine signaling
- Enteric nervous system
- Gut hormones and mood disorders
- Therapeutic modulation of gut-brain axis
- Probiotics and prebiotics
- Fecal metabolic transplant
- Conclusion
- Chapter 16. Role of microbiota-gut-brain axis on neurotransmitter modulation
- Introduction
- Basics of gut microbiota
- The role of microbiota in the gut-brain axis
- Bidirectional communication of the gut and brain axis
- Gut-brain axis links
- From gut microbiota to brain axis
- From brain to gut microbiota
- Neurotransmitters and the microbiota
- Dopamine and norepinephrine
- Serotonin
- 5-HT in the gut
- Gut microbiota and 5-HT release
- Nutrients and 5-HT release
- Hormonal control of 5-HT release
- Gut-derived 5-HT: Physiological and pathophysiological function
- Association of 5-HT with gut inflammation
- 5-HT role in liver regeneration and energy homeostasis
- 5-HT and bone remodeling
- Cytokines, gut microbiota, and dopamine
- Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and gut microbiota
- Discussion
- Conclusion
- Chapter 17. Role of gut virome and mycobiome in neurological disorders
- Introduction
- Composition of virome and mycobiome communities in the human gut
- Association of gut virome and mycobiome with the human host
- Cross-talk of gut virome and mycobiome in gut-brain-microbiome axis and Neurological disorders
- Neurological disorders associated with gut virome dysbiosis
- Neurological disorders associated with gut mycobiome dysbiosis
- Therapeutic interventions in gut brain axis: A new horizon in human health
- Concluding remarks
- Chapter 18. Role of nutraceuticals in neurological disease
- Introduction
- Nutraceuticals: An overview
- Sources of nutraceuticals
- Neurodegenerative disease
- Pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disease
- Mechanism of nutraceuticals for management neurodegenerative disorder
- Role of probiotics and prebiotics in the management and prevention of neurological diseases
- Current challenges in using nutraceuticals for neurodegenerative diseases
- Nutraceutical based marketed formulation for management of neurological disease
- Future prospectives
- Conclusion
- Chapter 19. Future prospective of microbiome-gut brain axis for treatment of CNS disorders
- Introduction
- Microbiota-gut-brain axis
- Composition of gut microbiota
- Metabolic components of gut microbiota and its effects on central nervous system
- Modulation of gut microbiota
- Probiotics-based modulation
- Prebiotics-based modulation
- Diet-mediated modulation
- Synbiotic-based modulation
- Fecal microbiota transplantation
- Gut-brain axis interaction
- Positive elements in breast milk
- Levels of sex hormones are regulated by the brain-gut-microbiome axis
- Diet
- Effect of microbiota on central nervous system
- Glioblastoma
- Neuropsychiatric disorders
- Schizophrenia
- Schizophrenia and prebiotics and probiotics
- Autism spectrum disorder
- Autism and gut-microbiota
- The microbiota-but-brain axis-based potential therapeutics of autism spectrum disorders
- Diet
- Neurodegenerative disorders
- Alzheimer's disease
- Bacterial protein and AD
- Antiinflammatory treatment of gut microbiota in Alzheimer's disease
- Parkinson's disease
- Probiotics, and prebiotics
- Huntington's disease
- Dysbiosis and Huntington's disease
- Gut microbiota composition changes
- Huntington's disease impact on behavioral activity
- Combination therapy: Microbiota-targeted methods combined with standard Huntington's disease therapies
- Future prospectives
- Conclusion
- Index
- Edition: 1
- Published: January 21, 2025
- Imprint: Academic Press
- No. of pages: 514
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN: 9780443216800
- eBook ISBN: 9780443216817
NM
Neeraj Mishra
Dr. Neeraj Mishra is a Professor and Head of the Department of Pharmaceutics at Amity Institute of Pharmacy, India, a position he has held since July 2019. With nearly two decades of teaching and research experience, Dr. Mishra has authored over 100 publications on novel drug delivery systems, focusing on nanocarriers and microparticles for treating breast and colon cancer, as well as neurodegenerative disorders. He has written several books and book chapters, and holds three international and two Indian patents. Dr. Mishra has received numerous accolades, including the "Distinguished Professor Award" (2019, 2021) and the "Outstanding Scientist Award" (2020). He has served as a guest editor for Bentham Sciences and is recognized in Stanford University's World Scientists Rankings for 2022 and 2024.
Affiliations and expertise
Professor and Head of Department, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, IndiaAK
Anoop Kumar
Dr. Anoop Kumar is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Pharmacology at Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research University (DPSRU), India. With a distinguished career, he has previously served as an Assistant Professor and Head at the National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli, and as Head and Associate Professor at ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab. Dr. Kumar has also held research positions at Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited and Translational Health Science Institute (THSTI). He earned his Ph.D. from Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, as a DST INSPIRE Fellow. He is an Associate Editor for Health Sciences Review and Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. His research focuses on drug repurposing, clinical trial meta-analysis, pharmacoeconomics, and pharmacovigilance.
Affiliations and expertise
Assistant Professor, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), IndiaRead Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis and CNS Disorders on ScienceDirect