Microbial Resources
From Functional Existence in Nature to Applications
- 1st Edition - April 4, 2017
- Latest edition
- Editor: Ipek Kurtboke
- Language: English
Microbial Resources: From Functional Existence in Nature to Applications provides an exciting interdisciplinary journey through the rapidly developing field of microbial resources… Read more
Microbial Resources: From Functional Existence in Nature to Applications provides an exciting interdisciplinary journey through the rapidly developing field of microbial resources, including relationships to aspects of microbiology. Covers the functional existence of microorganisms in nature, as well as the transfer of this knowledge for industrial and other applications. Examines the economic perspective of revealing the potential value of microbial material and figuring it into socio-economic value; legal perspectives; and how to organize a fair allotment of socio-economic benefits to all stakeholders who have effectively contributed to the preservation, study, and exploitation of microbiological material.
- Covers aspects of foundational information related to microbiology, microbial ecology, and diversity, as well as new advances in microbial genomics
- Provides information on the utilization of microbial resources in biotechnology
- Covers legislative issues and related law in biodiscovery
- Fills a need for a very broad audience and is a good resource for microbiologists seeking to know the extent of microbiology approaches, the policies associated with microbiology, and potential career paths for researchers
- Has significant added value due to the inclusion of comprehensive coverage of the biology, ecology, biochemistry and international legislation surrounding these applications
Academics in Microbiology, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, Ecology, Marine Biology, Public Health. It will target different users from academia to industry as well as government offices and law makers for biological sciences. The book will be a reference a diverse range of institutions can refer to in different stages of the development of microbial products for their research and industry
Chapter 1: Planctomycetes—New Models for Microbial Cells and Activities
John Arlington Fuerst
- Abstract
- Introduction
- What are planctomycetes and what properties mark them out as unusual?
- Summary of relevant planctomycete physiology
- Compartmentalization of planctomycete cells
- How might the unusual characteristics of planctomycetes be considered as resources?
- Compartmentalized cells as a potential resource for synthetic biology
- Unusual components of planctomycete cells
- Sulfatases and their uses in stereochemistry/transformations in organic chemistry
- What other properties do planctomycetes harbor relevant to new resources?
- Anammox planctomycetes as a major example of planctomycetes as a microbial resource
- Anammox planctomycetes are resources providing global ecosystem services in the nitrogen cycle
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
Chapter 2: A Flavor of Prokaryotic Taxonomy: Systematics Revisited
Paul De Vos Sr.
- Abstract
- Introduction
- The prokaryotic species concept
- Remarks on the generalized use of 16S rRNA sequences
- Chemotaxonomic and phenotypic characterization
- Prokaryote nomenclature
- Identification of prokaryotes
- The gap between prokaryotic diversity and taxonomy of prokaryotes
- A Renaissance in prokaryote taxonomy?
- Hurdles underway
- Toward a new “gold standard”
- WGS is the basic unit for genomic prokaryote taxonomy (GPT)
- Genomic prokaryote taxonomy (GPT)
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
Chapter 3: Bioactive Actinomycetes: Reaching Rarity Through Sound Understanding of Selective Culture and Molecular Diversity
Ipek Kurtboke
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
Chapter 4: Microbial Resources for Global Sustainability
James Philp and Ronald Atlas
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Replacing fossil fuels with biofuels
- Replacing the oil barrel for chemical production
- Technical barriers to bio-based production
- The convergence with green chemistry
- Gene and genome editing in production strains-the future for bio-based production?
- Shortening the innovation cycle time: the ultimate contribution of synthetic biology?
- Future prospects: overcoming the bottlenecks in bio-based production
- Concluding remarks
- Disclaimer statement
Chapter 5: Modern Natural Products Drug Discovery and Its Relevance to Biodiversity Conservation
William H. Gerwick
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Natural product drug discovery
- Policy regarding bioprospecting
- Biodiversity estimates
- Threats to biodiversity
- Classification of biodiversity resulting from bioprospecting; cyanobacteria as an example
- Biodiversity partnerships, bioprospecting, and conservation efforts
- Future outlooks
Chapter 6: Hydrocarbon-Oxidizing Bacteria and Their Potential in Eco-Biotechnology and Bioremediation
Irina Ivshina
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Bacteriology of hydrocarbon degradation
- Bacterial adaptation to hydrocarbon assimilation
- Environmental biosensors for hydrocarbon pollutants
- Bioremediation of oil-contaminated environments
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
Chapter 7: An Overview of the Industrial Aspects of Antibiotic Discovery
Arnold L. Demain and Evan Martens
- Abstract
- Introduction
Chapter 8: Accessing Marine Microbial Diversity for Drug Discovery
William Fenical H. Fenical and Lynette Bueno Perez
- Abstract
- Introduction
- The marine microbial environment
- Sampling marine microenvironments
- Select habitat marine bacteria
- Culturing marine bacteria for drug discovery
- Examples of obligate marine microbial metabolites
- Case studies of marine drug discovery
- Salinosporamide A
- Abyssomicins
- Thiocoralines
- Concluding remarks
- Acknowledgment
Chapter 9: Cryptic Pathways and Implications for Novel Drug Discovery
Kozo Ochi
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Homologous expression of silent genes
- Heterologous expression of silent genes
- Metabolism remodeling and metabolic engineering
- Concluding remarks
Chapter 10: The Nagoya Protocol Applied to Microbial Genetic Resources
Philippe Desmeth
- Abstract
- The convention on biological diversity
- Culture collections: professionals underpinning microbial realm exploitation
- Specificities of microorganisms, ownership of microbiological material
- Continuum in life sciences R&D—extended role of culture collections
- Building a community of connected centers of expertise
- Life sciences practitioners in the arena of political negotiations
- Lack of awareness, ignorance, mistrust, disdain
- The initiatives of the culture collections related to ABS and the Nagoya Protocol
- WDCM, from pioneering to breakthrough, from CCINFO to GCM
- Gaining TRUST, building TRUST
Chapter 11: Fungal Genetic Resources for Biotechnology
Dr. McCluskey
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgment
Chapter 12: Industrial Culture Collections: Gateways from Microbial Diversity to Applications
Olga Genilloud
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Access to microbial diversity: the convention of biological diversity and the nagoya protocol
- Building an industrial culture collection: expanding the diversity of cultured microbial sources
- Strain selection and dereplication tools
- Culture-based approaches and generation of libraries of microbial extracts
- LC-MS profiling and metabolite annotation
- Impact of genomics and genome mining to exploit microbial culture collections
- Applications in biotechnology and role in future NPs discovery
Chapter 13: An Overview of Biological Resource Center-Maintenance of Microbial Resources and Their Management
Ken-ichiro Suzuki
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Acknowledgments
Chapter 14: IP and The Budapest Treaty—Depositing Biological Material for Patent Purposes
Vera Bussas
- Abstract
- Intellectual property rights—why to deposit biological material
- How to deposit biological material—the practical procedure of a patent deposit
- How to request the furnishing of samples of patent organisms
- Complications arising during the deposition procedure
- Notes
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
Chapter 15: Biosafety, Transport and Related Legislation Concerning Microbial Resources—An Overview
Vera Bussas, Yogesh Shouche and Avinash Sharma
- Abstract
- Sampling of microorganisms—Convention on Biological Diversity and its Nagoya Protocol
- Isolation of microorganisms—Biosafety Considerations
- Valuable microbial isolates—biosecurity issues
- Shipping of microorganisms—no trivial issue
- Conclusions
- Abbreviations
- Acknowledgments
- Edition: 1
- Latest edition
- Published: April 4, 2017
- Language: English
IK
Ipek Kurtboke
Dr Kurtböke is an internationally reputed actinomycetologist and she has been in the field of biodiscovery since 1982 conducting research into discovery of novel and potent threpeutic compounds produced by actinomycetes in Turkey, Italy, the UK and Australia. Her most significant contribution has been the development of a novel isolation technique that selectively cultures rare actinomycetes with industrial importance which was adopted and applied by leading pharmaceutical companies since the 1990s. She has established bio-resource libraries for joint screening ventures with leading pharmaceutical companies in different settings since 1990s. Dr Kurtböke’s methodological strength in the field of actinomycetology played a key role in the detection of novel actinomycetes and contributed towards the establishment of yet another microbial library of bioactive actinomycetes at the University of the Sunshine Coast (USC) in Queensland, Australia since 2001. The library has been used for research and teaching activities at the USC as well as in partnership with regional, national and international collaborators for discovery of new drugs, agrobiologicals, enzymes and environmentally-friendly biotechnological innovations.
Dr Kurtböke has been a member of the Biodiscovery Industry Panel established by the AusBiotech and DEHWA which networks Australian biodiscovery operators. She was also one of the founding members of the Australian Microbial Resources Research Network currently linked with the Atlas of Living Australia and implements a Biolomics system for microbial data sharing. She has also been an active member of the World Federation of Culture Collections (WFCC) including serving as the Vice-President of the Federation (2010-2013). WFCC provides a nest to the World Data Centre of Microorganisms (WDCM) which maintains large volumes of data from global culture collections. WFCC also strategically links with the OECD's Global Biological Resources Initiative and the Global Biological Information Facility for long term maintenance and conservation of microorganisms and related information. The fortcoming book titled Microbial Resources-from functional existence in nature to industrial applications edited by Dr Kurtbӧke will bring experts in the fields of microbial ecology, taxonomy, culture collections and industrial microbiology together to highlight the importance of microbial genetic resources for global sustainability and biotechnological innovations.