Microbial Ecology of Wastewater Treatment Plants

1st Edition - May 15, 2021
Editors: Maulin P. Shah, Susana Rodriguez-Couto
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 2 5 0 3 - 5
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 2 5 0 4 - 2

Microbial Ecology of Wastewater Treatment Plants presents different methods and techniques used in microbial ecology to study the interactions and evolution of microbial popula… Read more

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Microbial Ecology of Wastewater Treatment Plants presents different methods and techniques used in microbial ecology to study the interactions and evolution of microbial populations in WWTPs, particularly the new molecular tools developed in the last decades. These molecular biology-based methods (e.g. studies of DNA, RNA and proteins) provide a high resolution of information compared to traditional ways of studying microbial wastewater populations, such as microscopic examination and culture-based methods. In addition, this book addresses the ability of microorganisms to degrade environmental pollutants.

Cover Image
Title Page
Copyright
Table of Contents
Contributors
Preface
Chapter 1 Review on aerobic degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons: From microbial enzymes to environs
Abstract
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Aromatic hydrocarbon degradation metabolism
1.3 Conclusion
References
Chapter 2 Bioremediation—the natural solution
Abstract
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Principle
2.3 Factors influencing bioremediation
2.4 Role of microbes in bioremediation
2.5 Phytoremediation
2.6 Advantages of bioremediation
2.7 Disadvantages of bioremediation
2.8 Future prospects and conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 3 Mechanisms, types, effectors, and methods of bioremediation: The universal solution
Abstract
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Bioremediation
3.3 Types of bioremediation
3.4 Factors affecting bioremediation
3.5 Emphasis on microbial factor: Microbial community structure and microbial behaviour
3.6 Recent trends in bioremediation
3.7 Conclusions and future prospects
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 4 An innovative approach to degrade xenobiotics through microbial system
Abstract
4.1 Introduction
4.2 What are xenobiotics?
4.3 Factors contributing to recalcitrance
4.4 Sources and types of xenobiotics
4.5 Environmental fate of xenobiotics
4.6 Microbial degradation of xenobiotics
4.7 Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 5 Complete and simultaneous removal of aromatic compounds and ammonium in the nitrifying process: Current knowledge of physiology behavior and dynamic response of microbial communities
Abstract
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Removal of aromatic compounds and ammonium from wastewaters
5.3 Biological removal of aromatic compounds and ammonium from wastewaters
5.4 Simultaneous removal of aromatic compounds and ammonium by a microbial consortium
5.5 Dynamic response of microbial consortia during simultaneous removal of aromatic and ammonium compounds
5.6 Kinetic modeling of simultaneous nitrification and aromatic compounds biodegradation
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 6 Science of Microorganisms for the Restoration of Polluted sites for Safe and Helathy Environment.
Abstract
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Nature of soil
6.3 Soil functions
6.4 Assessment of soil quality
6.5 Major sources of soil pollution
6.6 Manifestations of soil pollution
6.7 Effect of pollutants on soil health
6.8 Prevention of soil pollution
6.9 Problems/issue with soil pollution on environment and humans
6.10 Bioremediation and mycoremediation of polluted soil
6.11 New advances in fungi bioremediation
6.12 Use of marine fungal species
6.13 Use of symbiotic fungal species
6.14 Use of white-rot fungal species
6.15 Use of fungal enzymes
6.16 Synergistic use of highly potent strains/species of fungal
6.17 Role of nano-biotechnological approaches in bioremediation
6.18 Sensing and detection of contaminants
6.19 Treatment and remediation
6.20 Nanoparticles (NPs)
6.21 Biofunctionalized nano-materials
6.22 Biopolymer-based nanomaterials
6.23 Conclusion and future prospects
Conflict of interest
References
Chapter 7 Sugar industry wastewater treatment: Current practices and advances
Abstract
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Sources, occurrence, and characteristics
7.3 Water management in sugar industry
7.4 Treatment methods
7.5 Concluding remarks
References
Chapter 8 Biological wastewater treatment technology: Advancement and drawbacks
Abstract
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Sources of wastewater
8.3 Components of wastewater
8.4 General layout of wastewater treatment plant
8.5 Different wastewater treatment technologies: Advancements and drawbacks related to treatment technologies
8.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 9 Biological wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) for industrial wastewater
Abstract
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Effect of temperature
9.3 Effect of pH
9.4 Effect of composition
9.5 Effect of time
9.6 Biological treatment methods
9.7 Biological treatment of IW
9.8 Conclusion
References
Chapter 10 Biochar a sustainable solution for wastewater treatment: Current status and perspectives
Abstract
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Properties of biochar
10.3 Modified biochar
10.4 Factors affecting biochar activity
10.5 Biochar production techniques
10.6 Utilization of biochar
10.7 Biochar production for waste management
10.8 Remediation of heavy metals contaminated soil
10.9 Removal of the radionuclides by biochar
10.10 Biochar for wastewater treatment
10.11 Adsorption of organic pollutants
10.12 Removal of dye by biochar
10.13 Removal of organic dye by biochar based hybrid materials
10.14 Removal of phenolic compounds and chemicals
10.15 Removal of pharmaceutically active compounds
10.16 Adsorption of phosphorus and hydrogen sulfide gas
10.17 Limitations
10.18 Conclusion
References
Chapter 11 Wastewater remediation through microbe-based nanoparticles
Abstract
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Dendrimer
11.3 Zeolite
11.4 Carbonaceous nanoparticles
11.5 Metal nanoparticles
11.6 Silver nanoparticles for treatment of wastewater
11.7 Antimicrobial or bacteriological analysis of silver nanoparticles
11.8 Conclusion
References
Chapter 12 Biotechnological approaches towards treatment and recycling of wastewater from tanneries and leather industry
Abstract
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Historical developments in tannery industry
12.3 Leather industry: Global scenario
12.4 Tanning process
12.5 Tannery wastewater sources
12.6 Characteristics of tannery wastewater
12.7 Tannery wastewater toxicity
12.8 Tannery wastewater treatment approaches
12.9 Application of phytoremediation in wastewater treatment
12.10 Constructed wetlands
12.11 Membrane separation technologies
12.12 Membrane bioreactors in wastewater treatment
12.13 Integrated treatment approaches
12.14 Challenges and future prospects
12.15 Concluding remarks
References
Chapter 13 Biological wastewater treatment technology: Advancements and drawbacks
Abstract
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Biological wastewater treatment
13.3 Advancement in the treatment technologies
13.4 Drawbacks of biological wastewater treatment
13.5 Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 14 Monitoring/sensing techniques to address pollutant heterogeneity assessment in wastewater
Abstract
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Wastewater
14.3 Standard wastewater parameters and their monitoring methods
14.4 Introduction to biosensors: Sensors and sensing strategies
14.5 Real-time monitoring and control system
14.6 Need for newer strategies
14.7 Internet of things (IoT) based water monitoring system
14.8 Microelectrode microsensor (MEMS) based water monitoring system
14.9 Conclusion
Conflict of interest
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 15 Bioflocculants for wastewater treatment: Scale up and commercialization
Abstract
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Selection of bioflocculants
15.3 Biosynthesis of bioflocculants
15.4 Transgenic microbes for bioflocculation
15.5 Challenges of chemical flocculation addressed by bioflocculation
15.6 Bioflocculation as an alternative
15.7 Immobilization of microbes for bioflocculation
15.8 Advantages of immobilization
15.9 Methods of immobilization
15.10 Large-scale production of bioflocculant-producing microorganisms
15.11 Scaling up of culture
15.12 Culture optimization for increasing production
15.13 Conclusion
References
Chapter 16 A new age of innovative technology for wastewater treatment using nanomaterials
Abstract
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Nanoscience and nanotechnology
16.3 Water nanotechnology
16.4 Nanomaterials currently used in water treatment and purification
16.5 Conclusions and future outlooks
References
Chapter 17 Marine microbial community studies using recent tools and techniques
Abstract
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Identification tools and methods
17.3 Conventional microbiology
17.4 Omics technologies
17.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 18 Biosorbents for heavy metal removal
Abstract
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Heavy metal removal methods
18.3 Biosorption
18.4 Types of biosorbents
18.5 Pretreatment on biosorption and their effect
18.6 Biosorbent immobilization
18.7 Desorption of biosorbent
18.8 Factors affecting biosorption
18.9 Conclusions
References
Chapter 19 Studies of wastewater treatment techniques using low-cost biosorbents
Abstract
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Bioremediation
19.3 Biosorbents in wastewater treatment: Variety, source, and significance
19.4 Miscellaneous nonconventional biosorbents
19.5 Biosorbents in bioreactor: Strategies and challenges
19.6 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 20 Bioremediation of heavy metals from wastewater treatment plants by microorganisms
Abstract
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Wastewater
20.3 Heavy metals
20.4 Conventional methods used in wastewater treatment plants
20.5 Bioremediation
20.6 Currents developments in bioremediation
20.7 Conclusions
References
Chapter 21 Wastewater treatment by microbial biofilm: A distinct possibility
Abstract
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Wastewater as environmental hazard
21.3 Current state of art for wastewater management
21.4 Microbial community and wastewater management
21.5 Wastewater detoxification by microbial biofilm
21.6 Nanoparticles and microbial biofilms: A combinatorial approach for wastewater management
21.7 Conclusion
21.8 Future perspective
References
Chapter 22 Biofilm formation, problems, and diseases: Methods for film eradication, a nanostructured material based approach
Abstract
22.1 Introduction
22.2 Pathogens inhabiting different biofilms
22.3 Threats caused by biofilms in various industries and sectors
22.4 Approaches for prevention and control of biofilms
22.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 23 Biological wastewater treatment to achieve pollution control and resource recovery: Role of anaerobic digestion
Abstract
23.1 Introduction
23.2 Instability of the anaerobic digestion process: Understanding and monitoring the microbiome involved in anaerobic digestion
23.3 Molecular microbiology techniques: From community profiling to omics
23.4 Anaerobic digestion microbiome: Response toward fluctuations in process conditions
23.5 Future perspective of anaerobic digestion—in the context of bio-based circular economy
References
Chapter 24 Microbial community genetics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics
Abstract
24.1 Introduction
24.2 Microbial communities in WWTPs
24.3 Bacteria involved in nitrification and denitrification of wastewater treatment
24.4 Bacteria involved in phosphorus removal of wastewater treatment
24.5 Role of filamentous bacteria in BWWTP
24.6 Role of electrogenic bacteria in wastewater treatment
24.7 Role of archaea in wastewater treatment
24.8 Role of factors affecting the fate of ARB and ARGs in WWTPs
24.9 ARGs in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPS)
24.10 Importance of metatranscriptomics in the context of wastewater treatment plants
24.11 Importance of metaproteomics in the context of wastewater treatment plants
24.12 Role of bacterial extracellular protein in wastewater treatment
24.13 Conclusion and future prospects
References
Chapter 25 Microbial remediation of soil and water metal contaminants
Abstract
25.1 Introduction
25.2 Physical and chemical remediation of the metal-contaminated sites
25.3 Origin of microbial-based metal remediation
25.4 Microbial remediation of metal-contaminated soils and sediments
25.5 Microbial remediation of metal-contaminated aquatic systems
25.6 Conclusion
References
Index

Maulin P. Shah

Dr. Maulin P. Shah is an active researcher and microbial biotechnologist with diverse research interest. His primary interest is the environment, the quality of our living resources and the ways that bacteria can help to manage and degrade toxic wastes and restore environmental health. Consequently, His work has been focused to assess the impact of industrial pollution on microbial diversity of wastewater following cultivation dependant and cultivation independent analysis.

Affiliations and expertise

Environmental Microbiology Consultant, Gujarat, India

Susana Rodriguez-Couto

Susana Rodríguez-Couto (female) got her B.Sc. and M.Sc. in Chemistry (Industrial Chemistry) from the University of Santiago de Compostela in 1992 and her Ph.D. in Chemistry in 1999 from the University of Vigo, obtaining the maximal grade (magna cum laude) and, in addition, she was awarded with the Extraordinary Prize for Doctoral Thesis in Chemistry. She worked as an Associate Professor and an Isidro Parga Pondal Senior Researcher at the University of Vigo (2000-2004), as a Ramón y Cajal Senior Researcher at Rovira i Virgili University (2004-2008) and as an Ikerbasque Research Professor (2009-2019). She has also worked as an Invited Researcher at the Institute from Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology (Austria) and at the Department of Biological Engineering, University of Minho (Portugal). In 2008, she received the I3 Professor from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Education to the recognition of an outstanding research activity. In March 2021 she is joining LUT School of Engineering Science at Mikkeli, Finland, as a Full Professor in biological water treatment. She has published more than 140 articles in highly reputed international journals (h index 42). She is editor of several journals (3Biotech, Frontiers) and 14 Elsevier books.

Affiliations and expertise

Full Professor (Biological Water Treatment), Department of Separation Science, LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, Finland

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Microbial Ecology of Wastewater Treatment Plants

Purchase options

Institutional subscription on ScienceDirect

Maulin P. Shah

Susana Rodriguez-Couto