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Methods in Psychobiology

Specialized Laboratory Techniques in Neuropsychology and Neurobiology

1st Edition - January 1, 1972

Editor: R. D. Myers

eBook ISBN:

9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 6 8 2 9 - 3

Methods in Psychobiology, Volume 2, Specialized Laboratory Techniques in Neuropsychology and Neurobiology is intended for the beginning ""student"" in physiological, neuro-,… Read more

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Methods in Psychobiology, Volume 2, Specialized Laboratory Techniques in Neuropsychology and Neurobiology is intended for the beginning ""student"" in physiological, neuro-, bio-psychology, or whatever label one wishes to attach to the exciting interdisciplinary field which weds the brain and behavior. In contrast to Volume 1, somewhat more emphasis is given in the selection of topics to a number of difficult behavioral methods that are used frequently by individuals in the more traditional neurosciences. The book begins with a discussion of the measurement of behavioral activity. This is followed by separate chapters on techniques such as electric shock motivation; aversive learning; methods of assessing the behavioral effects of drugs; long-term intravenous infusions; and perfusion of different parts of the brain. Subsequent chapters deal with the assay of pharmacologically active substances; the split-brain technique; using microknives in brain lesion studies and the production of isolated brain-stem islands; the functional decortication technique; and recording evoked potentials.

List of Contributors

Preface

Chapter 1 Measuring Behavioral Activity

I. Introduction

II. Methods of Measurement

III. The Revolving Wheel

IV. Stabilimeter and Stationary-Cage Recording

V. Conclusions

Acknowledgment

References

Appendix

Chapter 2 Techniques of Electric Shock Motivation

I. Apparatus for Delivering the Shock to the Subject

II. Shock Sources: General Considerations

III. Types of Shock Sources

IV. Shock Scramblers

V. Factors Which Can Attenuate Grid Floor Shock

VI. Basic Techniques for the Measurement and Control of Electric Shock Motivation

References

Chapter 3 Aversive Learning Situations: Apparatus and Procedures

I. Introduction

II. Instrumental Aversive Situations

References

Appendix

Chapter 4 Assessing the Effect of Drugs

I. Introduction

II. Pharmacological Considerations

III. Behavioral Considerations

References

Appendix

Chapter 5 Manipulation of the Oral and Gastric Environments

I. Origin and Application of Techniques

II. Methods

III. Future Applications

Acknowledgments

References

Appendix

Chapter 6 Long-Term Intravenous Infusion

I. Introduction

II. Saddle and Feedthrough Swivel

III. Cannula Construction

IV. Surgical Procedure

V. Trouble Shooting and Special Arts

References

Appendix

Chapter 7 Methods for Perfusing Different Structures of the Brain

I. Introduction

II. Perfusing the Cerebral Ventricles

III. Isolated Tissue Perfusion with Push-Pull Cannulae

IV. Perfusion of the Cortex

V. Theoretical Considerations

References

Appendix

Chapter 8 The Neurobiological Assay

I. Introduction

II. Identification by Pharmacological Analysis

III. Recording the Contractions of Isolated Smooth and Striated Muscles

IV. The Bioassay of Acetylcholine

V. The Bioassay of 5-Hydroxytryptamine (Serotonin)

VI. The Bioassay of Catecholamines

References

Appendix

Chapter 9 Specialized Lesions: the Split-Brain Technique

I. Historical Introduction

II. Surgical Methods

III. Post-Surgical Care

IV. Histological Verification of Surgery

V. Fabrication of Instruments for Split-Brain Surgery

VI. Behavioral Testing Methods

References

Appendix

Chapter 10 Specialized Lesions: "Cerveau Isolé" and "Encephale Isolé"

I. Introduction

II. The "Cerveau Isolé"

III. The "Encephale Isolé"

IV. Maintenance and Nursing Care

V. The Use of the Preparations for Psychobiology

References

Appendix

Chapter 11 The Use of Microknives in Brain Lesion Studies and the Production of Isolated Brain-Stem Islands

I. Brain Lesions: General Considerations

II. The Usefulness of Microknives

III. The Hypothalamic Island

IV. Design and Construction of Knives

V. The Hypothalamic Island: Procedures and Post-Operative Care

References

Appendix

Chapter 12 Inducing Cortical Spreading Depression

I. Introduction

II. Semi-Chronic Technique

III. Chronic Technique

IV. Main Fields of Application

References

Appendix

Chapter 13 Recording Evoked Potentials

I. Introduction

II. The Recording Situation

III. Stimulus Generators

IV. Installation of Electrodes in Humans and Animals

V. Evaluation of Evoked Potential Data

References

Appendix

Author Index

Subject Index