Metals in Water

Global Sources, Significance, and Treatment

1st Edition - November 19, 2022
Imprint: Woodhead Publishing
Editors: Sushil Kumar Shukla, Sunil Kumar, Sughosh Madhav, Pradeep Kumar Mishra
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 5 9 1 9 - 3
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 5 9 2 0 - 9

Metals in Water: Global Sources, Significance, and Treatment covers metal pollution in water, where they come from, their effects, and remediation processes. Sections overview… Read more

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Metals in Water: Global Sources, Significance, and Treatment covers metal pollution in water, where they come from, their effects, and remediation processes. Sections overview heavy metals pollution, including their global health impacts and remediation measures. Geogenic and anthropogenic input of heavy metals in water are described, along with global case studies, step-by-step methods on remediation techniques, different detection sensors, and assessment practices of toxicity of heavy metals. The book focuses on recent research surrounding heavy metals' contamination in water resources and its impact across the globe. Chapters incorporate both theoretical and practical aspects and serve as baseline information for water resources studies.

This book is useful for postgraduate students, teachers and researchers working in areas of water resources and pollution, hydrochemistry, environmental remediation and toxicology who are looking to understand the affects metals have on water, the environment and health, and also those looking for methods for remediation.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
List of contributors
Preface
Chapter 1. Measurement techniques for detection of metals in water resources
Abstract
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Heavy metal distribution in water
1.3 Electrochemical detection techniques
1.4 Spectroscopic detection
1.5 Optical methods of detection
1.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 2. Various indices to find out pollution and toxicity impact of metals
Abstract
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Various techniques for toxicity estimation of the metals
2.3 Titrimetric method
2.4 UV-Vis spectrophotometry
2.5 Atomic absorption spectrometry
2.6 Inductively coupled plasma—atomic emission spectrometry
2.7 Estimation of heavy metal in plant samples
2.8 Estimation of heavy metals in soil
2.9 Role of pollution indices in evaluation of metal toxicity
2.10 Pollution indices
2.11 Contamination factor
2.12 Pollution load index
2.13 Ecological risk factor
2.14 Potential ecological risk index
2.15 Biogeochemical index
2.16 Nemerow pollution index (PINemerow)
2.17 Various indices to assess toxic metal contamination in the aquatic environment
2.18 Heavy metal evaluation index
2.19 Pollution load index
2.20 Metal pollution index
2.21 New index of geoaccumulation
2.22 Heavy metal pollution index
2.23 Entropy-weight based HM contamination index
2.24 Heavy metal index
2.25 Principal component analysis–based index
2.26 Modified heavy metal pollution index
2.27 Indices for determining the health risk posed by consumption of heavy metal-contaminated vegetables
2.28 Health risk index
2.29 Daily dietary intake
2.30 Metal pollution index/pollution load index
2.31 Conclusion
References
Chapter 3. Heavy metal contamination in water: consequences on human health and environment
Abstract
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Anthropogenic sources of heavy metals
3.3 Ecotoxicology of metals
3.4 Bioaccumulation and biomagnification
3.5 Impact on aquatic flora and fauna and human health
3.6 Utility of wetland plants in heavy metal removal
3.7 Biogeochemical processes in wetlands
3.8 Conclusion
References
Chapter 4. Metal pollution in the aquatic environment and impact on flora and fauna
Abstract
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Heavy metal as a potential contaminant in aquatic environment
4.3 Bioaccumulation of HMMs
4.4 Adverse effects of HMMs
4.5 Remediation strategies for heavy metal contamination in aquatic ecosystem
4.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 5. Metal in water: an assessment of toxicity with its biogeochemistry
Abstract
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Metal pollution in aquatic environment and impact on flora and fauna
5.3 Metal contamination in groundwater
5.4 Metal contamination in marine environment
5.5 Biogeochemistry of metal complexes in natural water
5.6 Impacts of heavy metals toxicity on human beings
5.7 Impacts of metals on wildlife
5.8 Importance of climate change behind metal concentrations and distributions
5.9 Conclusions
References
Chapter 6. Assessment and impact of metal toxicity on wildlife and human health
Abstract
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Metals and its function in life
6.3 Sources of heavy metals within environment
6.4 Contamination of natural waters, sediments, and soils by heavy metals
6.5 Human exposure to heavy metals
6.6 Biomagnification and bioaccumulation of heavy metals in the human food chains
6.7 Assessment of toxicity of heavy metals
6.8 Effects of toxic heavy metals on human health
6.9 Monitoring and analysis of heavy metals in the environment
6.10 Conclusion
References
Chapter 7. Metal contamination in water resources due to various anthropogenic activities
Abstract
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Metal contamination in water resources through agriculture activity
7.3 Metal contamination in water resources through industrial activity
7.4 Metal contamination in water resources through mining activity
7.5 Heavy metals contamination in water resources through transport activity
7.6 Mode of action of heavy metals in the environment
7.7 Conclusion
References
Further reading
Chapter 8. Impact assessment of heavy metal pollution in surface water bodies
Abstract
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Analysis of heavy metal contamination in water bodies
8.3 Presence of heavy metals in the water bodies of Asian countries
8.4 Anthropogenic sources of heavy metal in aquatic environment
8.5 Metal toxicity and its impact on aquatic environment
8.6 Impact of metal toxicity on human health
8.7 Summary
References
Chapter 9. Airborne heavy metals deposition and contamination to water resources
Abstract
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Pathways and fate of airborne heavy metals
9.3 Anthropogenic sources of heavy metals emission
9.4 Emission and atmospheric transportation of heavy metals
9.5 Heavy metals deposition and contamination to water resources
9.6 Caveats in monitoring and modeling of air-borne heavy metals
9.7 Conclusion and future possibility
References
Chapter 10. Metal pollution in marine environment: sources and impact assessment
Abstract
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Source of heavy metals
10.3 Adverse impact of heavy metals
10.4 Water quality assessment
10.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 11. Marine environmental chemistry and ecotoxicology of heavy metals
Abstract
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Heavy metals in the marine environment
11.3 Biogeochemistry of heavy metals in the ocean
11.4 Ecotoxicology of heavy metals in marine biota
11.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 12. Various methods for the recovery of metals from the wastewater
Abstract
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Chemical precipitation
12.3 Sorption by biological and chemical agents
12.4 Electrochemical methods for metal recovery
12.5 Membrane-based metal recovery
12.6 Integrated methods of metal recovery
12.7 Recent developments in technology for metal recovery process
12.8 Commercial systems
12.9 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 13. Processes of decontamination and elimination of toxic metals from water and wastewaters
Abstract
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Environmental pollutants and methods of degradation
13.3 Sources of trace metals in water
13.4 Methods for decontaminating toxic metals from water and wastewaters
13.5 Elimination of trace metals in water and wastewater using microorganisms
13.6 Factors that determine toxic metal removal in water and wastewater
13.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 14. Heavy metal water pollution: an overview about remediation, removal and recovery of metals from contaminated water
Abstract
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Heavy metals as environmental pollutants
14.3 Application of nanotechnology for metals remediation from contaminated water
14.4 Methods of recovery and elimination of metals from contaminated water
14.5 Future perspectives and challenges
14.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 15. Indigenous techniques to remove metals from contaminated water
Abstract
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Potential solicitation of indigenous microbes in water remediation
15.3 Potential solicitation of indigenous plants in water remediation
15.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 16. Application of low-cost adsorbents for metals remediation
Abstract
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Synthesis and characterization of adsorbent
16.3 Efficacy of low cost adsorbent for metal remediation
16.4 Parameters affecting the metal remediation through low cost adsorbent
16.5 Regeneration of prepared adsorbent
16.6 Research gap and research scope regarding low cost adsorbent
16.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 17. Metals removal by membrane filtration
Abstract
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Heavy metal separation methods
17.3 Membrane filtration processes
17.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 18. Phytoremediation of inorganic contaminants from the aquatic ecosystem using Eichhornia crassipes
Abstract
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Ecology of Eichhornia crassipes
18.3 Contamination of inorganic substances in the water bodies
18.4 Removal of inorganic contaminants present in water bodies using E. crassipes
18.5 Conclusion and future prospects
References
Chapter 19. Application of nanotechnology for heavy metals remediation from contaminated water
Abstract
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Effect of heavy metal
19.3 Bioremediation
19.4 Nanotechnology for heavy metals remediation
19.5 Mechanism of removal of heavy metals by nanomaterials
19.6 Different types of nanoparticles used for elimination of heavy metals
19.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 20. Arsenic contamination in water, health effects and phytoremediation
Abstract
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Diseases caused by arsenic poisonings
20.3 Methods of arsenic remediation
20.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 21. Time series analysis of dissolved trace elements in Gomati River, the Ganga River tributary, northern India: its environmental implications
Abstract
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Study area: the Gomati River and its basin
21.3 Material and method
21.4 Results and discussion
21.5 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Index

Sushil Kumar Shukla

Dr. Sushil Kumar Shukla is an academician and researcher with more than 8 years of experience in teaching and research in the field of Environmental science and engineering with a focus on wastewater treatment and management. He is presently working as Assistant Professor in Department of Transport Science and Technology, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand. He earned his doctorate from the Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, UP, India. The area of his doctoral research is the “Treatment of anaerobically digested distillery effluent”. Dr. Shukla was awarded with the prestigious fellowship of UGC Research Fellowship for science meritorious student (UGC-RFSMS Fellowship). He has published various research papers and book chapters in the field of water and wastewater treatment, bioremediation, phytoremediation etc.

Affiliations and expertise

Assistant Professor in Department of Transport Science and Technology, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India

Sunil Kumar

Dr. Sunil Kumar is a well-rounded researcher with more than 20 years of experience in leading, supervising and undertaking research in the broader field of Environmental Engineering and Science with focus on Solid and Hazardous Waste Management. He has contributed extensively to these fields and has h-index of 30 and i10-index of 43 (Google scholar); highly impressive for a non-academic researcher from India. His contributions since inception at CSIR-NEERI in 200 include 130 refereed journal publications, 04 books and 25 book chapters, 08 Edited volumes and numerous project reports to various governmental and private, local and International academic /research bodies. The list of his collaborations is long and includes key Indian universities, such as IIT Kharagpur, IIT Delhi and IIT Mumbai and prestigious regional institutes, such as Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) and Kasetsart University in Bangkok, Hong Baptist University as well as universities in US (Columbia, Texas A&M) and Europe (UN University and University of Uppsala).

Affiliations and expertise

CSIR–National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, India

Sughosh Madhav

Dr. Sughosh Madhav works as a Postdoctoral Fellow at the Department of Civil Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India. He has obtained his master’s degree from the Department of Environmental Science Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. He earned his doctorate from Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India. The area of his doctoral research is the environmental impact of textile effluents on groundwater and soil quality. He has published various research papers and book chapters in environmental geochemistry, water pollution, and wastewater remediation. He also edited 4 books related to water resource management in Elsevier, Springer, and Wiley publications.

Affiliations and expertise

Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Civil Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India

Pradeep Kumar Mishra

Prof. Pradeep Kumar Mishra is a well-rounded researcher with more than 30 years of experience in leading, supervising, and undertaking research in the broader field of Environmental Engineering and Science with a focus on Wastewater Treatment (Bioremediation and Adsorption), Bio-energy, Nanomaterials, Membrane Separation Processes and Biomaterials. Prof Mishra is a full professor in the Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, and currently Vice Chancellor of Jharkhand Technical University, Jharkhand, India. He has published more than 60 research papers in reputed journals, 25 book chapters, and edited more than 15 books in various publications. He is an editor and reviewer of various journals. He also has 6 patents. He has earned various reputed awards and is a member of numerous reputed academic societies.

Affiliations and expertise

Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, BHU, Varanasi, India

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health

Metals in Water

Global Sources, Significance, and Treatment

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Sushil Kumar Shukla

Sunil Kumar

Sughosh Madhav

Pradeep Kumar Mishra

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