Metabolic Conjugation and Metabolic Hydrolysis

1st Edition - January 1, 1970
Imprint: Academic Press
Editor: William Fishman
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 2 5 7 6 0 2 - 7
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 4 1 2 3 9 3 - 9
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 4 3 0 8 - 0

Metabolic Conjugation and Metabolic Hydrolysis, Volume II, provides an extension and further development of the themes introduced in Volume I in which the subject matter dealt… Read more

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Metabolic Conjugation and Metabolic Hydrolysis, Volume II, provides an extension and further development of the themes introduced in Volume I in which the subject matter dealt either separately or in combination with the compound undergoing conjugation, the conjugate itself, the conjugating radical, and enzymic hydrolysis of the conjugate. Increased attention is also given to systems in which metabolic conjugation and metabolic hydrolysis interdigitate with each other. The book begins with studies on the role of conjugation in the biliary excretion of organic compounds; cholic acid and its conjugation; biliary secretion and intestinal metabolism and absorption; and the metabolic conjugation and hydrolysis of steroids and their conjugates, as observed in the fetoplacental unit of human pregnancy. Subsequent chapters cover the fabrication through physiological metabolic conjugation of macromolecules of glycoproteins and mucopolysaccharides; the biosynthesis of glycolipids (sphingolipids); the metabolic hydrolysis of hexosaminide linkages; ß-glucuronidases; the hydrolysis of sphingolipids; and mercapturic acid formation.

List of Contributors

Preface

Contents of Volume I

Factors in the Biliary Excretion of Organic Compounds

I. Introduction

II. Chemical Factors

III. Biological Factors

References

Bile Acid Conjugation

I. Introduction

II. Biosynthesis of Bile Acid Conjugates

III. Determination of Bile Acid Conjugate Synthesis

IV. Factors Influencing Bile Acid Conjugation

V. Physiological Role of Bile Acid Conjugates

VI. Bile Acid Conjugation in Diseases Affecting the Liver

VII. Concluding Remarks

References

Metabolic Conjugation and Hydrolysis of Estrogens and Progesterone in the Enterohepatic Circulation

I. Introduction

II. Variations in Biliary Excretion and Enterohepatic Circulation of Steroids

III. Nature of Steroid Conjugates Formed in the Liver and Excreted in the Bile

IV. Hydrolysis of Steroid Conjugates in the Intestine

V. Conjugation and Absorption in the Intestine

VI. Concluding Remarks

References

Metabolic Conjugation and Hydrolysis of Steroid Hormones in the Fetoplacental Unit

I. Introduction

II. Nomenclature and Abbreviations

III. Biosynthesis, Transformation, and Hydrolysis of Steroid Conjugates in the Fetoplacental Unit

IV. Isolation of Steroid Conjugates in the Different Fetal and Placental Tissues

V. Transfer of Steroid Conjugates between the Fetus and the Placenta and between the Placenta and the Mother

VI. Production of Free and Conjugated Steroids during Pregnancy as Compared to Normal Adults and Transformation of Steroid Conjugates during Pregnancy

VII. Steroid Conjugates and Their Transformation in Newborns

VIII. Localization of Sulfuryl- and Glucuronyltransferase and Other Enzymic Systems in the Fetus Compared to Adults and Control of the Production of Steroid Conjugates in Fetal Life

IX. Physiological Significance of Steroid Conjugates during Fetal Life

X. Concluding Remarks

References

Biochemistry of Mercapturic Acid Formation

I. Introduction

II. Scope of Mercapturic Acid Formation

III. Nutritional Aspects of Mercapturic Acid Formation

IV. Premercapturic Acids

V. Determination of Mercapturic Acids

VI. Mechanism of Mercapturic Acid Formation

VII. Metabolic Degradation of Mercapturic Acids

References

Metabolic Hydrolysis of Collagen

I. Introduction

II. Structure of Collagen

III. Soluble Collagen Chemistry

IV. Biosynthesis of Collagen

V. Degradation of Collagen

VI. Summary

References

Biosynthesis of Acidic Glycosaminoglycans (Mucopolysaccharides)

I. Introduction

II. Chemical Structure

III. Biosynthesis of Precursors

IV. Biosynthesis of Chondroitin Sulfate: A Model for the Assembly of Polysaccharide Chains

V. Biosynthesis of Other Glycosaminoglycans

VI. Regulation of Glycosaminoglycan Synthesis

References

The Metabolic Hydrolysis of Hexosaminide Linkages

I. Introduction

II. Biological Materials Containing Hexosamine Moieties

III. Enzymes Known to Bring About the Hydrolysis of Hexosaminide Linkages

IV. Enzymic Hydrolysis of Hexosaminide Linkages

V. Concluding Remarks

References

β-Glucuronidases in Metabolic Hydrolysis

I. Introduction

II. History of ß-Glucuronidase

III. Distribution

IV. Factors Which Alter ß-Glucuronidase in Tissues

V. Intracellular Redistribution of ß-Glucuronidase Activity

VI. Factors Which Influence β-Glucuronidase in Body Fluids

VII. Relation of β-Glucuronidase to Diseases

VIII. Genetics

IX. Purification of β-Glucuronidase

X. Properties

XI. Discussion

XII. Summary

References

Biosynthesis and Hydrolysis of Sphingolipids

I. Introduction

II. Sphingosine

III. Ceramide

IV. Ceramide Galactoside

V. Cerebroside Sulfate (Ceramide Galactoside 4-Sulfate, Sulfatide)

VI. Ceramide Glucoside

VII. Ceramide Lactoside

VIII. Ceramide Trihexoside

IX. Asialo Tay-Sachs Ganglioside (Aminoglycolipid)

X. Hematoside

XI. Tay-Sachs Ganglioside

XII. Monosialogangliosides

XIII. Disialoganglioside

XIV. Sphingomyelin

XV. General Comments

References

Author Index

Subject Index

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health

Metabolic Conjugation and Metabolic Hydrolysis

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