Melatonin

A Ubiquitous Pleiotropic Molecule

1st Edition - July 31, 2024
Editors: Sheikh Mansoor Shafi, Faheem Shahzad Baloch, Yong Suk Chung, Alejandro Romero Martínez
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 3 8 1 4 - 0
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 3 8 1 5 - 7

Melatonin: A Ubiquitous Pleiotropic Molecule equips researchers with an understanding of the molecular biology of melatonin in plants. The book explores the occurrence of melatonin… Read more

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Melatonin: A Ubiquitous Pleiotropic Molecule equips researchers with an understanding of the molecular biology of melatonin in plants. The book explores the occurrence of melatonin in several plant species, covering key aspects, including its biosynthesis, physiological function in plant growth and development, and signaling pathways. It then discusses the benefits melatonin has for plant and agricultural development, as well as how it can be utilized as a therapeutic in the treatment of human diseases. The role it can play in the oxidative stress response and circadian rhythm modulation are covered, as well as its nutraceutical potential for human health.

The book also covers the importance of melatonin in a range of fields, including drug discovery and disease resistance, agriculture, botany, and biotechnology, and is an ideal reference for researchers across these disciplines.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
About the editors
Foreword
Preface
Section I. Phyto-melatonin in plant system
Chapter 1. Phytomelatonin occurrence, biosynthesis and regulation
1. Introduction
2. Biosynthesis and occurrence of phytomelatonin
3. Regulation of phytomelatonin
4. Conclusion
Chapter 2. Phytomelatonin receptors and interacting protein
1. Introduction
Chapter 3. Melatonin: A positive regulator of plant growth and development
1. Introduction
2. Melatonin synthesis evidence
3. Melatonin transport
4. Melatonin in plant kingdom
5. MEL as a potential antioxidant
6. Melatonin as a plant growth stimulant
7. MEL controls plant–rhizomicrobial interactions
8. Melatonin possibilities in phytoremediation
9. Conclusion
Chapter 4. Phytomelatonin: Plant immunity and plant–microbial interactions
1. Introduction
2. Phytomelatonin biosynthesis
3. Active sites for phytomelatonin synthesis in plant cells
4. Impact of radicals in phytomelatonin actions during plant defense response
5. Role of phytomelatonin in plant defense responses
6. Phytomelatonin and plant–microbe interaction
7. Conclusion
Chapter 5. Exogenous application of melatonin in plants under stress conditions to enhance the quality of agricultural/horticulture crops
1. Introduction
2. Biosynthesis of melatonin in plants
3. The quantity of melatonin present in agricultural plants
4. Drought-resistant horticulture crops can benefit from melatonin
5. The effects of melatonin on how horticultural crops react to heat stress are profound
6. Horticultural crops can tolerate salt stress with the aid of melatonin
7. Horticultural crops can experience less cold stress due to the functions of melatonin
8. An essential tool for controlling biotic stress is melatonin
9. Melatonin's functions in the regulation of the production and maturation of horticultural plants
10. Root growth of agricultural plants: Melatonin's impacts
11. Conclusion
Chapter 6. Antioxidant potential of phytomelatonin
1. Introduction
2. Isolation of phytomelatonin
3. Chemistry of melatonin
4. Melatonin synthesis
5. Melatonin uptake
6. Melatonin in plant material
7. Antioxidant candidate from medicinal plants
8. Melatonin as a plant development promoter
9. Conclusion
Chapter 7. Phytomelatonin crosstalk with plant growth regulators
1. Introduction
2. Crosstalk between phytomelatonin and PGRS
3. Role of phytomelatonin in plants
4. Conclusion and future perspectives
Chapter 8. Multidimensional role of melatonin
1. Introduction
2. Melatonin and controlling body weight
3. Melatonin with postprandial dysmetabolism, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia
4. Melatonin and oxidative stress regulation
5. Controlling blood pressure with melatonin
6. Conclusion
Section II. Melatonin in human system
Chapter 9. Physiological functions of melatonin
1. Introduction
2. Pharmacokinetics
3. Mechanisms of action
4. Effects of melatonin
5. Conclusion and future directions
Chapter 10. Therapeutic and pharmacological potential of melatonin
1. Introduction
2. Pharmacology
3. Melatonin receptors
4. Mechanism of action
5. Bioavailability
6. Pharmacokinetics
7. Drug–drug interactions, contraindication and, adverse reactions
8. Adverse reactions
9. Therapeutic effects of melatonin
10. Conclusion
Chapter 11. Melatonin and immune modulation
1. Introduction
2. Melatonin and innate immunity
3. Adaptive immune responses and melatonin
4. Melatonin and autoimmune diseases
5. Inflammatory response and melatonin
6. Melatonin and immunosenescence
7. Clinical implications and future directions
Chapter 12. Neuroendocrine role of melatonin
1. Introduction
2. Propagation of time-signal by melatonin
3. Melatonin reception in the pituitary
4. Putative postreceptor pathways in the pituitary
5. Melatonin–prolactin interaction
6. Effects on reproductive hormones
7. Dysregulation of circadian rhythms in shift workers
8. Effects of melatonin in pregnancy
9. Effects on male reproductive hormones
10. Effects on the thyroid
11. Effects on the suprarenal glands
12. Conclusion
Chapter 13. Melatonin and its derivatives: The potential roles as anticancer agents
1. Introduction
2. Melatonin biosynthesis and metabolism
3. Roles of melatonin in cancer chemoprevention and therapy
4. Anticancer mechanisms of melatonin: Effects on major cancer hallmarks
5. Potential challenges of melatonin as an anticancer agent
6. Conclusion
Chapter 14. Melatonin in cancer research and treatment: From bench to bedside
1. Introduction
2. Melatonin: Chemical properties and natural sources
3. Melatonin: Absorption, metabolism, and bioavailability
4. Melatonin as an anticancer agent: Mechanisms of action
5. Melatonin drug formulation and dosage form
6. Melatonin in clinical trials
7. Conclusion
Chapter 15. Melatonin in oxidative stress management
1. Introduction
2. Melatonin synthesis
3. Melatonin in oxidative stress
4. Direct scavenging of free radicals by melatonin
5. Indirect antioxidant effects, including enhancement of other antioxidants
6. Metal chelation
7. Mitochondrial protection
8. Neuroprotective effects of melatonin
9. Cardioprotective effects of melatonin
10. Melatonin and aging
11. Conclusion
Section III. Melatonin: The multitasking hormone
Chapter 16. Melatonin and sleep
1. Introduction
2. Sleep physiology
3. Role of melatonin in sleep
4. Melatonin for curing sleep disorder
5. Shortcomings of melatonin
6. Conclusion
Chapter 17. Melatonin signaling and drug–receptor interaction
1. Introduction
2. Receptor types
3. Cross-talk with other signaling pathways
4. Clock genes and circadian rhythms
5. Drug–receptor interaction
6. Clinical applications
7. Conclusion and future implications
Chapter 18. Nutraceutical potential of melatonin on human health
1. Introduction
2. Phytomelatonin in plants
3. Biosynthesis of phytomelatonin
4. Phytomelatonin as a nutraceutical
5. Melatonin in human being
6. Average range of conditions for which melatonin may be clinically useful
7. Phytomelatonin as an antioxidant
8. Anticarcinogenic activity of phytomelatonin
9. Phytomelatonin as a jet lag treatment and sleep quality enhancement
10. Melatonin and phytomelatonin sources
Chapter 19. The impact of melatonin on maternal and fetal health during pregnancy
1. Introduction
2. Melatonin on fetal neuro and cardiovascular development
3. Conclusion
Index

Sheikh Mansoor Shafi

Dr. Sheikh Mansoor Shafi currently serves as a postdoctoral researcher at the Phenomics Laboratory within Jeju National University in South Korea. His primary research focuses on high-throughput phenomics, remote sensing and precision agriculture. Prior to this role, he held positions as a Postdoc Research Associate at SKIMS Srinagar and as a Project Associate-I at CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Jammu (IIIM). Throughout his academic journey, Dr. Mansoor has had the opportunity to work in reputed laboratories, including the Transcriptomics Labs at SKUAST Kashmir and the Department of Biotechnology and Pathology at Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture (CITH) Rangreth Srinagar. His educational background comprises a BSc degree from SP College of Science (University of Kashmir), an MSc degree from HNBGU Uttarakhand, and a Ph.D. degree from Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu. Dr. Mansoor has been dedicated to contributing significantly to his field and has displayed a strong commitment to becoming a highly accomplished scientist. His expertise spans various areas, including biochemistry, molecular biology, and genetics. Dr. Mansoor's accomplishments are notable, including over more than 50 research and review papers published in esteemed journals such as Frontiers, Plos One, Scientific Reports, Journal of Fungi (JoF), Planta, Chemosphere, JEMA and Molecules etc. He has also authored 5 books and more than ten book chapters, and holds credit for filing two patent applications. He has showcased his knowledge through guest lectures on topics like sequence assembly, alignment, submission tools, and phylogenetic analysis. He has received practical training in advanced techniques in modern biology and related fields. Dr. Mansoor has been recognized with numerous national and international accolades, including prestigious awards such as Best Thesis, Young Scientist, and recognition for his exceptional oral and poster presentations. He holds membership in a significant big grant (BIRAC) awarded by the Department of Biotechnology (DBT) in India. In addition to his accomplishments, Dr. Mansoor plays an active role as a Review Editor for Frontiers in Ethnopharmacology, and he also contributes as a reviewer for esteemed journals like 3 Biotech, Cell Reports, Frontiers, Plos One, and JARMAP. His unwavering dedication, profound expertise, and active involvement underscore his unwavering commitment to advancing scientific knowledge in his field. Dr. Sheikh Mansoor currently serves as a Postdoctoral Researcher at the Department of Plant Resources and Environment and Subtropical and Tropical Organism Gene Bank within Jeju National University in South Korea. Prior to this role, he held positions as a Postdoc Research Associate at SKIMS Srinagar and as a Project Associate-I at CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Jammu (IIIM). Throughout his academic journey, Dr. Mansoor has had the opportunity to work in reputed laboratories, including the Transcriptomics Labs at SKUAST Kashmir and the Department of Biotechnology and Pathology at Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture (CITH), Rangreth, Srinagar. His educational background comprises a BSc degree from SP College of Science (University of Kashmir), an MSc degree from HNBGU, Uttarakhand, and a PhD degree from Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu. Dr. Mansoor has been dedicated to contributing significantly to his field and has displayed a strong commitment to becoming a highly accomplished scientist. His expertise spans various areas, including biochemistry, molecular biology, and genetics. Dr. Mansoor’s accomplishments are notable, including more than 50 research and review papers published in esteemed journals such as Frontiers, PLOS One, Scientific Reports, Journal of Fungi (JoF), Planta, Chemosphere, JEMA, Molecules etc. He has also authored 5 books and more than 10 book chapters and holds credit for filing two patent applications. He has showcased his knowledge through guest lectures on topics like sequence assembly, alignment, submission tools, and phylogenetic analysis. He has received practical training in advanced techniques in modern biology and related fields. Dr. Mansoor has been recognized with numerous national and international accolades, including prestigious awards such as Best Thesis, Young Scientist, and recognition for his exceptional oral and poster presentations. He holds membership in a significant big grant (BIRAC) awarded by the Department of Biotechnology (DBT) in India. In addition to his accomplishments, Dr. Mansoor plays an active role as a Review Editor for Frontiers in Ethnopharmacology, and he also contributes as a reviewer for esteemed journals like 3 Biotech, Cell Reports, Frontiers, PLOS One, and JARMAP. His unwavering dedication, profound expertise, and active involvement underscore his unwavering commitment to advancing scientific knowledge in his field.

Affiliations and expertise

Postdoctoral Researcher, Phenomics Laboratory, Department of Plant Resources and Environment, Jeju National University, South Korea

Faheem Shahzad Baloch

Dr. Faheem Shahzad Baloch is working as Professor of plant genetics and breeding Mersin University, Turkey. He received his Ph.D. with a dissertation on ‘QTL mapping in wheat’ from the faculty of agriculture, University of Çukurova, Adana, Turkey in 2012 with a joint fellowship of Turkish ministry of education and Turkish scientific and Technological council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK). In 2013, he started to work as assistant professor at Niğde Ömer Halis Demir University, Niğde Turkey. In 2015, he joined Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Bolu, Turkey as Assistant professor. In 2018, he was promoted to associate professor in the same institute. In August 2020, he joined Sivas university of science and Technology as associate professor and is currently working as professor in the Mersin university. Dr. Faheem has more than 11 years of teaching and research experience in the plant phenomics, genetics and genomics, biotechnology specially in next generation sequencing (NGS) and DNA molecular markers in plant genetics for germplasm characterization, identification of genomic regions for traits of agricultural interest, development and validation of molecular markers for their use in marker assisted selection, and genomic prediction for plant improvement program particularly cereals and legumes and also for developing strategies for preserving this precious germplasm from Türkiye, which is the hot spot of biodiversity for most of agricultural crops and also thousands of endemic species. He led and participated in many projects funded by national and international organizations. He supervised and co-supervised MSC, PhD and post doc candidates from various countries. He visited more than 30 countries over different continents for research and collaborative purposes. He is now Management Committee from Türkiye of two COST actions (CA22146 and CA22157) and active members of different COST actions and playing important roles in different work packages of various COST actions. He participated in many international trainings on plant molecular genetics particularly at ICARDA-Syria, Copenhagen University -Denmark, Minnesota University-USA. He has over 120 publications in Web of Sciences database. He has co-edited 6 books and written over 17 book chapters on important aspects of molecular genetics in relation to plant species. He has extensive array of citations with over 4000 times as per google scholar with an h-Index of 34. Dr. Faheem serves as Editorial board member of several impacted journals such as Turkish journal agriculture and forestry, BMC Genomic data, Agronomy Journal. Biotechnology and Biotechnological Equipment, BMC Plant Biology, and guest editor for special issues in Plants and Molecular Biology Reports and also reviewer for more than 55 peer-reviewed international journals with more than 121 verified reviews according to Publons. Dr. Faheem Shahzad Baloch is working as a Professor of Plant Genetics and Breeding, Mersin University, Turkey. He received his PhD with a dissertation on ‘QTL mapping in wheat’ from the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Çukurova, Adana, Turkey, in 2012 with a joint fellowship of Turkish ministry of education and Turkish scientific and Technological council of Turkey (TÜB_ITAK). In 2013, he started to work as Assistant Professor at Nigde Ömer Halisdemir University, Nigde, Turkey. In 2015, he joined Bolu Abant _Izzet Baysal Bolu, Turkey, as an Assistant Professor. In 2018, he was promoted to Associate Professor in the same institute. In August 2020, he joined Sivas University of Science and Technology as an Associate Professor and is currently working as a Professor in the Mersin University. Dr. Faheem has more than 11 years of teaching and research experience in plant phenomics, genetics and genomics, and biotechnology. He specializes in next-generation sequencing (NGS) and DNA molecular markers in plant genetics for germplasm characterization. Additionally, he focuses on the identification of genomic regions for traits of agricultural interest, development and validation of molecular markers for their use in marker-assisted selection, and genomic prediction for plant improvement programs, particularly cereals and legumes. Dr. Faheem also develops strategies for preserving this precious germplasm from Türkiye, which is the hot spot of biodiversity for most agricultural crops and thousands of endemic species. He led and participated in many projects funded by national and international organizations. He supervised and cosupervised MSc, PhD, and postdoc candidates from various countries. He has visited more than 30 countries over different continents for research and collaborative purposes. He is now Management Committee from Türkiye of two COST actions (CA22146 and CA22157) and active members of different COST actions and playing important roles in different work packages of various COST actions. He has participated in many international trainings on plant molecular genetics particularly at ICARDA-Syria, Copenhagen University, Denmark, Minnesota University, USA. He has over 120 publications in Web of Science database. He has coedited 6 books and written over 17 book chapters on the important aspects of molecular genetics in relation to plant species. He has an extensive array of citations with over 4000 times as per Google Scholar with an h-Index of 34. Dr. Faheem serves as an editorial board member of several journals such as Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, BMC Genomic Data, Agronomy Journal, Biotechnology and Biotechnological Equipment, BMCPlant Biology, and guest editor for special issues in Plants and Molecular Biology Reports and also reviewer formore than 55 peerreviewed international journals with more than 121 verified reviews according to Publons.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor, Plant Genetics and Breeding, Mersin University, Turkey

Yong Suk Chung

Young Suk Chung is an accomplished Associate Professor in the field of Plant Breeding and Plant Genetics, with a specialization in Precision Agriculture. Currently affiliated with Jeju National University in South Korea, he holds a pivotal role in the Department of Plant Resources and Environment. His academic journey commenced with a Bachelor of Science degree from Korea University, followed by a Master of Science degree from the University of Wisconsin- Madison. He further advanced his studies at the same institution, completing his PhD and serving as a Postdoctoral Research Associate. He engaged in phenomics research activities at the Plant Sciences Institute at Iowa State University. His expertise lies at the intersection of plant breeding, phenomics, and precision agriculture, areas in which he has made substantial contributions. Notably, he has been an active member of the Working Group in COST Action CA22146 for Harnessing the Potential of Underutilized Crops to Promote Sustainable Food Production (DIVERSICROP), representing a commitment to sustainable agricultural practices on a global scale. Additionally, his involvement with the European Cooperation in Science and Technology underscores his dedication to collaborative research endeavors. With over 200 publications to his credit, he has established himself as a prolific researcher, contributing valuable insights to the scientific community. His expertise is further recognized through his roles as an editor and reviewer for esteemed journals, indicating his commitment to upholding academic rigor and quality standards. Additionally, his role as an Adjunct Professor at Ton Duc Thang University in Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam, reflects his global engagement in advancing agricultural knowledge and education.

Affiliations and expertise

Associate Professor, Department of Plant Resources and Environment, Jeju National University, South Korea

Alejandro Romero Martínez

Alejandro Romero Martínez, PhD in Biological Sciences from the University of Vigo (2000), is a Tenured Professor in Toxicology at the University Complutense of Madrid. His research activity has resulted in 105 Journal Citation Reports (JCR) articles (h-index 38). He is also the coauthor of 12 international book chapters and 4 national. Moreover, he coauthors >50 international and >40 national congress communications and 2 patents. He has supervised two doctoral theses. He is a member of 4 editorial committees and has acted as reviewer/ evaluator of 72 international journals in his specialty with JCR relative quality index. He combines his interest and background on molecular toxicology and neuroprotection studies of new molecules with therapeutic interest against neurodegeneration and focuses on novel melatonin-based therapies. He has made important contributions in cell/molecular biology of new multitarget compounds synthesized against key targets in Alzheimer’s disease and advances in the knowledge of melatonin as a pleiotropic agent against several pathologies and mechanisms of toxicity. Dr. Martinez led the MELVES project (medical countermeasures program SYP41804) to test melatonin as a potential health support measure for treatment and prophylaxis. Remarkably, the Spanish Ministry of Defence-General Directorate of Armament and Material/SDG PLATIN has displayed interest by selecting his project. He has collaborated as an external reviewer for the Czech Science Foundation and Medical Research Council’s Developmental Pathway Funding Scheme (DPFS). Moreover, he is a member of the Spanish Association of Toxicology (AETOX) since January 2011, and certified as a European Registered Toxicologist (ERT).

Affiliations and expertise

Professor, Department of Toxicology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain

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Melatonin

A Ubiquitous Pleiotropic Molecule

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Sheikh Mansoor Shafi

Faheem Shahzad Baloch

Yong Suk Chung

Alejandro Romero Martínez