Measuring and Modeling Persons and Situations
- 1st Edition - June 23, 2021
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Editors: Dustin Wood, Stephen J. Read, P.D. Harms, Andrew Slaughter
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 9 2 0 0 - 9
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 9 2 0 1 - 6
Measuring and Modeling Persons and Situations presents major innovations and contributions on the topic, promoting deeper integration, cross-pollination of ideas across diverse a… Read more
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Request a sales quoteMeasuring and Modeling Persons and Situations presents major innovations and contributions on the topic, promoting deeper integration, cross-pollination of ideas across diverse academic disciplines, and the facilitation of the development of practical applications such as matching people to jobs, understanding decision making, and predicting how a group of individuals will interact with one another. The book is organized around two overarching and interrelated themes, with the first focusing on assessing the person and the situation, covering methodological advances and techniques for inferring and measuring characteristics, and showing how they can be instantiated for measurement and predictive purposes.
The book's second theme presents theoretical models, conceptualizing how factors of the person and situation can help us understand the psychological dynamics which underlie behavior, the psychological experience of fit or congruence with one’s environment, and changes in personality traits over time.
- Identifies technologies for measuring and predicting behavior
- Infers behavior causes from personality and/or situational variables
- Utilizes big data, machine learning and modeling to understand behavior
- Includes mobile phone, social media and wearable tech usage analysis
- Explores the stability of personality over time
- Considers behavior analysis to treat maladaptive behavior
Graduate students, researchers, academics and professionals in the areas of social and personality psychology, engineering, human factors, robotics, applied psychology, computer science, and machine intelligence.
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Contributors
- Chapter 1: A role for information theory in personality modeling, assessment, and judgment
- Abstract
- Background on Shannon’s information theory
- Invoking information-theoretic approaches in personality assessment
- Next steps
- Towards a digital representation of the analog experience
- Chapter 2: What falls outside of the Big Five? Darkness, derailers, and beyond
- Abstract
- Dark personality
- Mapping the psychological drivers of dark traits
- Prediction of work outcomes
- Moderators of dark personality
- Dark personality assessment issues
- Future directions and concluding thoughts
- Chapter 3: Semantic and ontological structures of psychological attributes
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Like all other people: Language is a strong situation
- Digital text analysis
- The semantic trap called the jingle-jangle fallacy
- Semantic overlap in research: How most people will react
- Where semantics failed: The case of personality testing
- Like no other people: Individual differences in STSR
- Like some other people: Group-level differences identified in STSR
- Conclusion: Applications and developments in semantics
- Chapter 4: Ubiquitous computing for person-environment research: Opportunities, considerations, and future directions
- Abstract
- Assessing behaviors, persons, and environments with ubicomp devices
- Outlook
- Conclusion
- Chapter 5: Modeling the mind: Assessment of if … then … profiles as a window to shared psychological processes and individual differences
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Mental inference in daily life: An anecdotal illustration
- Cognitive-Affective Processing System theory: Basic principles
- A contemporary approach to conceptualizing if … then … profiles: The Highly-Repeated Within-Person (HRWP) approach
- How does studying if … then … profiles shed light on the personality system?
- Implications of using the HRWP approach
- Concluding remarks
- Appendix
- Chapter 6: Psychological targeting in the age of Big Data
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Psychological targeting: A two-stage framework
- Drivers of psychological targeting: Big Data and Machine Learning
- The science of psychological targeting
- Ethical considerations
- Conclusion
- Chapter 7: Virtual environments for the representative assessment of personality: VE-RAP
- Abstract
- What is a virtual representative digital environment: Relevance?
- Challenges abound: Why representative virtual environments?
- Discussion
- Conclusions and future directions
- Chapter 8: Improving measurement of individual differences using social networks
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Analyzing social structure
- Integrating models for SNA and IRT
- Example analysis
- Discussion
- Chapter 9: Situational judgment tests: From low-fidelity simulations to alternative measures of personality and the person-situation interplay
- Abstract
- Introduction
- SJTs: Definition and brief history
- The traditional view: SJTs as low-fidelity simulations
- SJTs as alternative measures of personality
- SJTs and the personality-situation interplay
- Epilogue
- Chapter 10: Intra-individual variability in personality: A methodological review
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Examining the current state of the literature and future recommendations
- Key findings from the literature
- Conclusion
- Chapter 11: Modeling the dynamics of action
- Abstract
- Personality is multilayered and spatiotemporally coherent
- A glimpse of dynamics’ distant past
- Dynamics in the marginally more modern era
- Dynamic processes and stochastic variation aren’t the same
- Dynamic cybernetic models
- CTA + Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory = CTARST
- Conclusions and future directions
- Chapter 12: Conceptualizing and measuring the implicit personality: The state of the science
- Abstract
- Declaration of conflicting interests
- Projective measures
- Exemplary projective measures: Thematic apperception test and picture story exercise
- Response latency measures
- Exemplary response latency measure: The implicit association test
- Conditional reasoning measures
- Exemplary conditional reasoning measure: Conditional reasoning test for aggression
- Application of various measurement systems for understanding the implicit personality
- Implications and future directions
- Summary
- Chapter 13: Conceptualizing and measuring the psychological situation
- Abstract
- Conceptualization
- Reality
- Principles
- Measurement
- Rater types
- Instruction sets
- Toward an integration: The componential agreement Lens model of situations (CALMS)
- Basic concepts and variables
- Quantifying agreement
- Explaining agreement
- Contextualizing agreement
- Treating agreements as correlates
- Modeling
- Some future directions
- Chapter 14: Network approaches to representing and understanding personality dynamics
- Abstract
- Early thinking on dynamics
- Recent thinking on dynamics
- The future of dynamics
- Conclusion
- Chapter 15: Neural network models of personality structure and dynamics
- Abstract
- A neural network model of personality
- Theoretical background: Components and structure of the VIP model
- Underlying neurobiology
- Neural network implementation
- Simulations
- Implications for learning and change
- Implications for measurement of personality
- Implications for predictions of behavior
- Summary/Discussion
- Chapter 16: Interdependence approaches to the person and the situation
- Abstract
- Dimensions of interdependence
- How personality shapes behavior in (objective) interdependent situations
- Assessing subjective interdependence
- The influence of personality on subjective representations of interdependent situations
- Objective vs subjective interdependent situations and behavior: A research agenda on the role of the person
- The role of interdependence perceptions in linking personality and behavior
- The influence of the interaction partner on an actor’s situation perception
- Interaction effects between the interdependence dimensions
- Conclusion
- Chapter 17: Formally representing how psychological processes shape actions and one another using functional fields
- Abstract
- Basics of functional field models
- The sources of forces: How people use information to construct the psychological situation
- Identifying the field effects (i.e., traits) of a particular factor
- Representing verbal descriptions of actions, people, and situations within field models
- Using functional fields to represent arguments about how traits relate to one another
- Some broader implications of functional field models for understanding behavior
- Conclusion
- Chapter 18: Integrating Cybernetic Big Five Theory with the free energy principle: A new strategy for modeling personalities as complex systems
- Abstract
- A cybernetic approach to personality
- The free energy principle and CB5T
- Predictive processing and personality neuroscience
- Active inference (AI)
- Generative models and personality modeling
- Personality traits from the perspectives of CB5T and FEP-AI
- Conclusion: Levels of analysis in personality modeling
- Chapter 19: Computational models of appraisal to understand the person-situation relation
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Emotion as a window on types of situation
- Appraisal theories of emotion
- Lazarus’ appraisal theory
- The component process model (Scherer, 1984, 2009, 2013)
- The Ortony, Clore, Collins model (Clore & Ortony, 2013; Ortony, Clore, & Collins, 1990)
- Computational models of appraisal theory of emotion
- EMA (Gratch & Marsella, 2004; Marsella & Gratch, 2009)
- EMA and situations: Implications of model
- Concluding remarks
- Chapter 20: An economic approach to modeling personality
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Economic literature about personality
- The basics of an economic model
- Personality and situation
- Selection into situation
- Ability versus preferences
- The role of incentives
- Conclusion
- Index
- Edition: 1
- Published: June 23, 2021
- No. of pages (Paperback): 732
- No. of pages (eBook): 732
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN: 9780128192009
- eBook ISBN: 9780128192016
DW
Dustin Wood
Dr. Dustin Wood has served as Personality Processes Section Editor at Social Psychology and Personality Compass, and as a guest editor to the European Journal of Personality and European Journal of Psychological Assessment on the topic of new approaches towards conceptualizing and assessing personality.
Affiliations and expertise
University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USASR
Stephen J. Read
Dr. Stephen Read has co-edited three books (Explaining one’s self to others, Erlbaum, 1992; Connectionist models of social reasoning and social behavior, Erlbaum, 1998; Computational Social Psychology, Psychology Press, in press).
Affiliations and expertise
University of Sourthern California, Los Angeles, CA, USAPH
P.D. Harms
Dr. Peter Harms is an Associate Editor at Journal of Managerial Psychology and Research in Occupational Stress and Well-Being and has co-edited a special issue of Applied Psychology: An International Review.
Affiliations and expertise
University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USAAS
Andrew Slaughter
Dr. Andrew Slaughter is a senior research psychologist at the US Army Research Institute. His work focuses on quantitative methods for social science research and program evaluation.
Affiliations and expertise
US Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences, Ft. Belvoir, VA, USARead Measuring and Modeling Persons and Situations on ScienceDirect