Materials

Chapter 1 Introduction: materials – history and character1.1 Materials, processes and choice.1.2 Material properties1.3 Further reading1.4 ExercisesChapter 2. Family trees: organizing materials and processes2.1 Introduction and synopsis2.2 Getting materials organized: the materials tree2.3 Organizing processes: the process tree2.4 Computer-aided information management for materials and processes2.5 Material property charts2.6 Summary and conclusions2.7 Further reading2.8 ExercisesChapter 3 Strategic thinking: matching material to design3.1 Introduction and synopsis3.2 The design process3.3 Material and process information for design3.4 The strategy: translation, screening, ranking and documentation3.5 Examples of translation3.6 Summary and conclusions3.7 Further reading3.8 ExercisesChapter 4. Stiffness and weight: density and elastic moduli4.1 Introduction and synopsis4.2 Density, stress, strain and moduli4.3 The big picture: material property charts4.4 The science what determines density and stiffness?4.5 Manipulating density and stiffness: 4.6 Summary and conclusions4.7 Further reading4.8 Exercises Chapter 5. Flex, sag and wobble: stiffness-limited design.5.1 Introduction and synopsis5.2 Standard solutions to elastic problems5.3 Material indices for elastic design5.4 Plotting limits and indices on charts5.5 Case studies5.6 Summary and conclusions5.7 Further reading5.8 Exercises Chapter 6. Beyond elasticity: plasticity, yielding and ductility6.1 Introduction and synopsis6.2 Strength, plastic work and ductility: definition and measurement6.3 The big picture: charts for yield strength6.4 Drilling down: strength and ductility6.5 Manipulating strength6.6 Summary and conclusions6.7 Further reading6.8 ExercisesChapter 7. Bend and crush: strength-limited design.7.1 Introduction and synopsis7.2 Standard solutions for plastic problems7.3 Material indices for yield-limited design7.4 Case studies7.5 Summary and conclusions7.6 Further reading7.7 ExercisesChapter 8. Fracture and fracture toughness.8.1 Introduction and synopsis8.2 Strength and toughness8.3 The mechanics of fracture8.4 Material property charts for toughness8.5 Drilling down: the origins of toughness8.6 Manipulating properties: strength vs. toughness8.7 Summary and conclusions8.8 Further reading8.9 ExercisesChapter 9. Shake, rattle and roll: cyclic loading, damage and failure9.1 Introduction and synopsis9.2 Vibration and resonance: the damping coefficient9.3 Fatigue9.4 Charts for endurance limit9.5 Drilling down: the origins of damping and fatigue9.6 Manipulating resistance to fatigue9.7 Summary and conclusions9.8 Further reading9.9 ExercisesChapter 10. Keeping it all together: fracture-limited design.10.1 Introduction and synopsis10.2 Standard solutions to crack problems10.3 Material indices for fracture limited design10.4 Case studies10.5 Summary and conclusions10.6 Further reading10.7 ExercisesChapter 11. Rub, slither and seize: friction and wear.11.1 Introduction and synopsis11.2 Tribological properties: definition and measurement11.3 Charting wear rate11.4 The physics of friction and wear11.5 Selection and design: materials to manage friction and wear11.6 Summary and conclusions11.7 Further reading11.8 ExercisesChapter 12. Agitated atoms: materials and heat12.1 Introduction and synopsis12.2 Thermal properties, definition and measurement12.3 The big picture: thermal property charts 12.4 Drilling down: the physics of thermal properties12.5 Manipulating thermal properties12.6 Design to exploit thermal proper12.7 Summary and conclusions12.8 Further reading12.9 ExercisesChapter 13. Running hot: using materials at high temperatures13.1 Introduction and synopsis13.2 The temperature-dependence of material properties13.3 Charts for high temperature design13.4 The science: diffusion and creep13.5 Materials to resist creep13.6 Design to cope with creep13.7 Summary and conclusions13.8 Further reading13.9 ExercisesChapter 14. Conductors, insulators and dielectrics 14.1 Introduction and synopsis14.2 Conductors, insulators and dielectrics14.3 Charts for electrical properties 14.4 Drilling down: the origins and manipulation of electrical properties14.5 Design14.6 Summary and conclusions14.7 Further reading14.8 Exercises Chapter 15. Magnetic materials 15.1 Introduction and synopsis15.2 Magnetic properties: definition and measurement 15.3 The big picture: charts for magnetic properties 15.4 Drilling down: the physics and manipulation of magnetic properties15.5 Materials selection for magnetic design15.6 Summary and conclusions15.7 Further reading15.8 ExercisesChapter 16. Materials for optical devices16.1 Introduction and synopsis16.2 The interaction of materials and radiation16.3 Charts for optical properties16.4 Drilling down: the physics and manipulation of optical properties16.5 Optical Design16.6 Summary and conclusions16.7 Further Reading16.8 ExercisesChapter 17. Durability: oxidation, corrosion, degradation 17.1 Introduction and synopsis17.2 Oxidation, flammability and photo-degradation17.3 Oxidation mechanisms 17.4 Making materials that resist oxidation17.5 Corrosion: acids, alkalis, water and organic solvents17.6 Drilling down: mechanisms of corrosion 17.7 Fighting corrosion17.8 Summary and conclusions17.9 Further reading17.10 ExercisesChapter 18. Manufacturing processes18.1 Introduction and synopsis18.2 Process selection in design18.3 Process attributes: definition18.4 Shaping processes: attributes and origins18.5 Joining processes: attributes and origins18.6 Surface treatment processes: attributes and origins18.7 Estimating cost for shaping processes18.8 Computer-aided process selection18.9 Case studies18.10 Summary and conclusions18.11 Further reading18.12 ExercisesChapter 19. Follow the recipe: processing and properties19.1 Introduction and synopsis19.2 Microstructure of materials 19.3 Microstructure evolution in processing19.4 Processing for properties19.5 Case studies19.6 Making hybrid materials19.7 Summary and conclusions19.8 Further reading 19.9 ExercisesChapter 20. Materials, processes and the environment20.1 Introduction and synopsis20.2 Material consumption and its growth20.3 The material life cycle and criteria for assessment20.4 Charts for embodied energy 20.5 Drilling down: embodied energy and recycling20.6 Design: selecting materials for eco-design20.7 Summary and conclusions20.8 Appendix: some useful quantities20.9 Further reading20.10 Exercises