
Mass Transfer Operations in the Food Industry
Unit Operations and Processing Equipment in the Food Industry
- 1st Edition - October 22, 2024
- Imprint: Woodhead Publishing
- Editors: Seid Mahdi Jafari, Narjes Malekjani
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 9 5 3 6 - 9
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 2 7 8 1 - 7
Mass Transfer Operations in the Food Industry, a new volume in the Unit Operations and Processing Equipment in the Food Industry series, explains the processing operations an… Read more

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Request a sales quoteWritten by experts in the field of food engineering in a simple and dynamic way, this book targets industrial engineers working in the field of food processing and within food factories to make them more familiar with the particular food processing operations and equipment.
- Thoroughly explores novel applications of mass transfer unit operations in the food industries
- Includes different types of mass transfer processes, such as crystallization, distillation, gas adsorption, and ionic exchange
- Covers optimization techniques to helps readers attain high quality food
- Mass Transfer Operations in the Food Industry
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Dedication
- Contributors
- Chapter One Introduction to mass transfer operations in food industry
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 1.1 Importance of mass transfer in the food industry
- 1.2 Definition and fundamentals of mass transfer
- 1.3 Fick’s laws and mass transfer coefficients
- 1.4 Modeling and simulation of mass transfer processes
- 1.5 Principles of some important mass transfer operations in food processing
- 1.5.1 Crystallization
- 1.5.2 Distillation
- 1.5.3 Adsorption and ionic exchange
- 1.5.4 Gas absorption
- 1.6 Applications of mass transfer operations in the food industry
- 1.7 Conclusion
- References
- Section A: Different mass transfer processes
- Chapter Two Principles of crystallization process
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 2.1 General overview of the crystallization process
- 2.2 Thermodynamic aspects
- 2.2.1 Solubility
- 2.2.2 Supersaturation and metastable zone width
- 2.3 Mechanism of crystallization process
- 2.3.1 Nucleation
- 2.3.2 Growth
- 2.3.3 Agglomeration
- 2.3.4 Breakage
- 2.4 Oswald ripening
- 2.5 Different modes of crystallization
- 2.5.1 Cooling crystallization
- 2.5.2 Antisolvent crystallization
- 2.5.3 Evaporative crystallization
- 2.5.4 Reactive crystallization
- 2.5.5 External factors influencing crystallization: Ultrasound, gassing, microwave
- 2.6 Types of crystallizer
- 2.6.1 Forced circulation crystallizer
- 2.6.2 Stirred draft tube crystallizer
- 2.6.3 Draft tube baffle crystallizer
- 2.6.4 Fluidized-bed crystallizer
- 2.6.5 Spray evaporative crystallizer
- 2.7 Modeling of crystallization process using the population balance equation
- 2.8 Solution of population balance equation
- 2.9 Optimization of crystallization process
- 2.9.1 Model-free approach
- 2.9.2 Model-based approach
- References
- Chapter Three Principles of distillation process
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 VLE
- 3.2.1 Phase rule and Raoult’s law
- 3.2.2 VLE diagrams
- 3.2.3 Relative volatility
- 3.3 Distillation methods
- 3.3.1 Single-stage distillation
- 3.3.2 Stage distillation with reflux (fractional/continuous distillation)
- 3.3.3 Steam distillation
- 3.3.4 Vacuum distillation
- 3.4 Distillation equipment
- 3.4.1 Tray columns
- 3.4.2 Packed columns
- 3.5 Future trends and conclusion (refro distillation, membrane distillation)
- References
- Chapter Four Principles of adsorption and ion exchange
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 4.1 Introduction to adsorption and ion exchange
- 4.2 Fundamentals of adsorption
- 4.2.1 Adsorbents and their characteristics
- 4.2.2 Adsorption isotherms
- 4.2.3 Adsorption kinetics
- 4.2.4 Factors affecting adsorption
- 4.3 Fundamentals of ion exchange
- 4.3.1 Ion exchange resins and their properties
- 4.3.2 Ion exchange equilibria
- 4.3.3 Ion exchange kinetics
- 4.3.4 Factors affecting ion exchange
- 4.4 Adsorption and ion exchange equipment and operations
- 4.4.1 Fixed-bed adsorption and ion exchange columns
- 4.4.2 Fluidized-bed adsorption and ion exchange systems
- 4.4.3 Batch adsorption and ion exchange processes
- 4.4.4 Regeneration and reuse of adsorbents and ion exchange resins
- 4.5 Modeling and design of adsorption and ion exchange processes
- 4.5.1 Modeling and simulation of Adsorption and Ion exchange
- 4.5.2 Scale-up and process design considerations
- 4.6 Adsorption and ion exchange applications in food processing
- 4.7 Emerging trends and future prospects
- 4.8 Conclusion
- References
- Chapter Five Principles of gas absorption
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.1.1 General theory of gas absorption
- 5.1.2 Diffusivity
- 5.1.3 Solubility and partitioning
- 5.1.4 Convective mass transfer
- 5.1.5 Overall mass transfer resistance and flux
- 5.2 Absorption columns
- 5.2.1 Packed bed absorber
- 5.2.2 Tray absorber
- 5.3 Membrane technology
- 5.3.1 Membrane types and modules
- 5.3.2 Gas-liquid membrane contactors
- 5.4 Modeling and simulation
- 5.4.1 Modeling equilibrium solubility
- 5.4.2 Modeling reaction kinetics and mass transfer
- 5.5 Future aspects
- References
- Section B: Application of mass transfer operations in the food industry
- Chapter Six Application of crystallization in the sugar industry
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 Crystallization phenomena and technologies
- 6.2.1 Formation of a supersaturated sugar solution
- 6.2.2 Nucleation
- 6.2.3 Growth
- 6.2.4 Transformation of crystals
- 6.3 Thermodynamic view
- 6.4 Quality aspects in sugar crystallization
- 6.4.1 CSD measurement methods
- 6.4.2 Color
- 6.4.3 Moisture content
- 6.5 Future trends and developments
- 6.6 Conclusion
- References
- Chapter Seven Application of distillation in the essential oil and flavoring production
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 Fundamentals of essential oil and flavoring production
- 7.3 Main components in the essential oil and flavoring industry
- 7.3.1 Essential oil components
- 7.3.2 Flavoring components
- 7.3.3 Thermophysical properties
- 7.4 Mass and energy balances for the essential oil and flavoring industry
- 7.4.1 Case study of essential oils production
- 7.5 Fundamentals of phase equilibrium
- 7.6 Flash distillation
- 7.6.1 Case study of flash distillation
- 7.7 Batch distillation process
- 7.7.1 Case study of the differential distillation
- 7.7.2 Case study of binary batch distillation
- 7.8 Multicomponent in multistage distillation: Short-cut method
- 7.8.1 Case study for the FUG short-cut method
- 7.9 Conclusions
- References
- Chapter Eight Application of distillation in alcoholic beverage production
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2 The basic concept of distillation
- 8.2.1 Distillation of the ethanol/water binary system
- 8.3 Distillation of multicomponent mixture
- 8.3.1 Raw material in distilled alcoholic beverage production
- 8.4 Main distillation techniques
- 8.4.1 The simple pot still
- 8.4.2 The batch column still
- 8.4.3 Continuous column distillation
- 8.5 Type of distillation depending on product type and behavior of individual components
- 8.5.1 Fruit spirits
- 8.5.2 Whisky
- 8.5.3 Sugarcane spirits
- 8.5.4 Agave spirits
- 8.5.5 Vodka
- 8.6 Material and energy balances for distillation
- 8.6.1 Simple batch or differential distillation
- 8.6.2 Batch distillation with rectification column
- References
- Chapter Nine Application of distillation in edible oil deodorization
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 9.1 Introduction
- 9.2 Factors affecting the mass transfer operations in deodorization distillation
- 9.2.1 The physical dimension of deodorizers
- 9.2.2 Oil composition
- 9.2.3 Temperature and time
- 9.2.4 Stripping agents
- 9.2.5 Other operating conditions
- 9.3 The postprocessing after deodorization distillation
- 9.3.1 Pretreatment of oils
- 9.3.2 Separation of oil-deodorized distillates
- 9.3.3 The food industry applications of recovered distillates from oil deodorization
- 9.4 Case studies on deodorization distillation of edible oil
- 9.4.1 Substituting water steam with ethanol in deodorization distillation for lower deodorization temperature to mitigate the formation of organic contaminants
- 9.4.2 Different deodorization methods on the oxidation of sterol components in rice bran oil
- 9.5 Future perspectives and conclusion
- References
- Chapter Ten Application of ion exchange in desalination and conditioning of water
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 10.1 Introduction
- 10.2 Ion exchange resins for water treatment
- 10.3 Desalination by ion exchange
- 10.4 Water conditioning by ion exchange
- 10.5 Emerging trends and future prospects
- 10.6 Conclusion
- References
- Chapter Eleven Application of mass transfer operations in edible oil processing
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 11.1 Importance of mass transfer operations in edible oil processing
- 11.2 Extraction process
- 11.3 Refining process
- 11.3.1 Degumming
- 11.3.2 Deacidification
- 11.3.3 Bleaching
- 11.3.4 Deodorization
- 11.4 Process simulation and optimization
- 11.5 Conclusion
- References
- Index
- Edition: 1
- Published: October 22, 2024
- Imprint: Woodhead Publishing
- No. of pages: 480
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN: 9780128195369
- eBook ISBN: 9780128227817
SJ
Seid Mahdi Jafari
Dr. Seid Mahdi Jafari received his PhD degree in 2006 in Food Process Engineering from the University of Queensland, Australia. He has extensive experience in the field of food process engineering, conducting research on nanotechnology and its processes and being reviewer of some important journals as Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies, Journal of Food Engineering, Journal of Food Process Engineering, Industrial Crops and Products and Food Technology and Biotechnology. He is Associate Professor in the Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Pardis, Basidj Square, Gorgan, Iran, and he is an academic member of GAU (Iran). He has published more than 85 papers in top-ranked international food science journals and 18 book chapters, along with editing four books with LAP and Elsevier publishers. In November 2015, he was awarded as one of the top 1% scientists of the world with the highest citations by Thompson Reuters (Essential Scientific Indicators) in the field of Biological Sciences.
1. “Encapsulation of Nano-Emulsions by Spray Drying” published by LAP (Germany), 2009,
2. "Nano-encapsulation Technologies for the Food and Nutraceutical Industries", Elsevier, 2017,
3. "Nano-encapsulation of Food Bioactive Ingredients; Principles and Applications", Elsevier, 2017,
4. "Nano-emulsions: Formulation, Characterization, and Applications", Elsevier, 2017 (co-edited with Prof. David Julian McClements).
5 . “Nanoencapsulation in the Food Industry Series”. This is a 7 volume series approved in 2017 that is going to be published over the course of 2019-2021.
and some book chapters such as:
· Jafari, S.M., Fathi, M., and Mandala, I.G., 2015. Chapter 13: "Emerging product formation" in the book "Food Waste Recovery: Processing technologies and industrial techniques", Edited by Galanakis, C., Elsevier. ISBN: 978-0-12-800351-0.
· Jafari, S.M. and McClements, D.J., 2017. Chapter 1: "Nanotechnology approaches for increasing nutrient bioavailability" in the book "Advances in Nutrition and Food Research (Vol. 81)", Edited by Toldra, F., Elsevier.
Locally in Iran, he has also published 20 books in Persian. In November, 2015, he was awarded as one of the top 1% scientists of the world with the highest citations by Thompson Reuters (Essential Scientific Indicators) in the field of Biological Sciences.
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