Marine Biopolymers

Marine Biopolymers: Processing, Functionality and Applications focuses on recent developments in the isolation, characterization, and processability of these materials for biomedical, nutraceutical, cosmetic, and regenerative medicine applications.

The marine environment represents a huge single resource for the development of natural biobased materials with enhanced, well-characterized and multi-functional properties. The isolation, characterization, and processability of these materials are crucial for the development of the marine biotechnological industries. In recent years, novel biobased materials have been extracted from marine habitats that have been proven to have exceptional wound-healing characteristics and anti-cancer therapeutic benefits. Moreover, some components based on marine resources can play a key role in medicinal food applications, in cosmetics as well as in the pharmaceutical sector.

Marine Biopolymers: Processing, Functionality and Applications is a valuable reference resource for scientific and academic researchers, industrial R&D and those working in the marine biotechnology industries that produce microalgae and natural bioproducts. The book will also be relevant for researchers working in aquaculture, biology, bioenergy, and biofuels production, as well as food and nutrition, cosmetics, and the pharmaceutical industry.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
List of contributors
About the editors
Preface
Chapter 1. Marine biopolymers: an overview
Abstract
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Types of marine biopolymers
1.3 Application of marine biopolymers
1.4 Toxicity and nutritional influence of marine biopolymers
1.5 Extraction of marine biopolymers
1.6 Challenges and future prospects
AI disclosure
References
Chapter 2. Characterization of marine biopolymers
Abstract
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Characterization of marine biopolymers
2.3 Recent development of marine biopolymers in applications
2.4 Challenges and future directions
References
Chapter 3. Advancements in nanofabrication of marine biopolymers
Abstract
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Chemical modifications of some marine biopolymer
3.3 Advanced nanofabricated structures of marine biopolymers
3.4 Conclusions
References
Chapter 4. Biointeraction of nanomaterials with marine biopolymers
Abstract
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Nanomaterials
4.3 Classification of nanomaterials
4.4 Interaction of nanomaterials with biopolymer
4.5 Downstream effect of nanoparticle–biomolecule interaction
4.6 Mechanism of interaction
4.7 Summary
References
Chapter 5. Nanostructured marine biopolymers in therapeutics and their toxicity
Abstract
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Polysaccharides
5.3 Conclusion and future prospects
References
Chapter 6. Fabrication of micro- and nanodevices for tissue engineering
Abstract
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Cell responses to micro- and nanopatterned structural cues
6.3 Microfabrication and nanolithography techniques in TE
6.4 Applications of nanostructured constituents in TE
6.5 Microfabrication approaches to controlled 3D scaffolds
6.6 Mechano-regulation of tissues on the microscale
6.7 Conclusions
References
Chapter 7. Potential impact and consequences of particle size, shape, and surface area of functional marine biopolymers
Abstract
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Sources and types of marine biopolymers
7.3 Particle size and surface area of marine biopolymers
7.4 Structure and physical and functional properties of marine biopolymers
7.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 8. Nanostructured surfaces in biopolymers—characterization of nanostructures
Abstract
8.1 Ocean as a source of biotechnological tools
8.2 Biopolymers
8.3 Processing techniques of marine biopolymers
8.4 Characterization and applications of biopolymer composites
8.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 9. Therapeutic applications of marine biopolymers
Abstract
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Marine biopolymers
9.3 Different types of biopolymers found in nature
9.4 Ophthalmology
9.5 Antioxidant activity
9.6 Role of hyaluronic acid in cosmetics
9.7 Antimicrobial peptides
9.8 Antioxidant peptides
9.9 Neuropeptides
9.10 Appetite-suppressing peptides
9.11 Immunomodulatory peptides
9.12 Cardiopeptides
9.13 Cytotoxic peptides
9.14 Cyanobacterial peptides
9.15 Conclusion
References
Chapter 10. Marine therapeutics in pharmaceutical developments and efficacy in COVID-19 management
Abstract
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Marine sources for medicinal uses
10.3 Biological activities of marine organisms
10.4 Pharmaceutical applications of marine-derived polysaccharides
10.5 Marine-derived products effective against the SARS-CoV-2
10.6 Future developments
10.7 Conclusions
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 11. Marine biopolymers for antimicrobial therapy
Abstract
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Types of marine biopolymers and their antimicrobial properties
11.3 Application of marine biopolymers
11.4 Discussion and conclusions
References
Chapter 12. Marine biopolymers in wound healing and wound care
Abstract
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Wound healing process
12.3 Classification of marine biopolymers
12.4 Enhancement methodologies employed for marine biopolymers wound dressings
12.5 Commercially available marine biopolymer-based wound dressings
12.6 Conclusions
12.7 Future prospects
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 13. Marine-based nanoparticles for bioimaging
Abstract
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Bio-imaging
13.3 Nanoparticles synthesis using a microbial procedure
13.4 Synthesis methodology
13.5 Utilization of marine microorganisms in the biosynthesis of nanoparticles
13.6 Designing of nanoparticles for bio-imaging applications
13.7 Purpose of marine nanoparticles
13.8 Characterization of nanoparticles
13.9 Different nanoparticles synthesized using marine resources for different applications
13.10 Applications of nanoparticles derived from marine bio-systems
13.11 Classes of nanoparticles for bio-imaging
13.12 Conclusions
References
Chapter 14. Marine biopolymers in implants
Abstract
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Classification of biopolymers
14.3 Drug delivery systems for marine biopolymers
14.4 Applications of marine biopolymers
14.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 15. Marine biopolymers in cancer therapeutics
Abstract
15.1 Marine biopolymers for cancer therapeutics
15.2 Therapeutics and diagnostic application of marine biopolymers in cancer treatment
15.3 Classification of marine biopolymers used in cancer treatment
15.4 Anticancer effect of fucoidan-based nanoformulations
15.5 Anticancer effect of alginate-based nanoformulations
15.6 Anticancer effect of carrageenan-based nanoformulations
15.7 Anticancer effect of porphyran-based nanoformulations
15.8 Anticancer effect of chitosan-based nanoformulations
15.9 Conclusions
References
Chapter 16. Marine biopolymers in biosensing
Abstract
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Marine biopolymers and their potential for bio-sensing
16.3 Electrochemical Bio-Sensors Using Marine Biopolymers
16.4 Computational Methods for Investigating Marian Bio-Polymers
16.5 Marine Biopolymer-Based Biosensors in Food Safety
16.6 Theranostic applications of marine biopolymers
16.7 Future Prospects of Marine Biopolymers in Sensors
16.8 Conclusion
References
Chapter 17. Marine biopolymers in tissue engineering applications
Abstract
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Marine polysaccharides
17.3 Sources of marine polymers
17.4 Tissue engineering applications
17.5 Summary
References
Chapter 18. Application of engineered nanobiopolymers in dentistry
Abstract
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Mechanism of action
18.3 Properties of mussel proteins
18.4 Biomedical application of mussels
18.5 Application of mussels in dentistry
18.6 Discussion
18.7 Conclusions
References
Chapter 19. Micro- and nanocarriers for immobilization of enzymes
Abstract
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Enzyme immobilization matrices
19.3 Nanomaterials for enzyme immobilization
19.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 20. From the ocean to the pharmacy: harnessing marine biopolymers for drug delivery
Abstract
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Classification of biopolymers obtained from marine sources
20.3 Conclusions and future perspectives
References
Chapter 21. Marine biopolymers in osteoporosis
Abstract
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Marine biopolymers and osteoporosis
21.3 Research prospects of marine biopolymers in managing osteoporosis
21.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 22. Marine biopolymers in drug delivery applications
Abstract
22.1 Introduction
22.2 Marine biopolymers
22.3 Conclusions
References
Chapter 23. Marine biopolymers in cosmetics
Abstract
23.1 Introduction
23.2 Marine cosmetic ingredients
23.3 Future perspectives
23.4 Conclusion
AI disclosure
References
Chapter 24. Marine biopolymers as insulating/coating agents and self-cleaning materials
Abstract
24.1 Introduction
24.2 Marine-based sources as self-cleaning biopolymer
24.3 Marine microorganisms
24.4 Shellfish waste
24.5 Marine plants
24.6 Applications of marine-based biopolymers as insulating and coating agents
24.7 Conclusion and future potential
References
Chapter 25. Potential role of marine biopolymers in paints and anticorrosive coatings
Abstract
25.1 Introduction
25.2 Paints and coatings based on biopolymers
25.3 Paints and coatings made from naturally obtained biopolymers
25.4 Importance of marine biopolymers in paint and anticorrosive coating
25.5 Use of bio-based polymers in paints and anticorrosive coatings
25.6 The marine biopolymers used in the paint and anticorrosive industry
25.7 Conclusions and future trends
References
Chapter 26. Marine biopolymers in textile applications
Abstract
26.1 Introduction
26.2 Types of marine biopolymers
26.3 Applications of marine biopolymers in the textile industry
26.4 Functional finishes to textiles for marine application
26.5 Potential to replace traditional synthetic polymers
26.6 Future prospects
26.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 27. Marine biopolymers in robust biosolar cells
Abstract
27.1 Introduction
27.2 Marine biopolymers
27.3 Marine biopolymers in biosolar cells
27.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 28. Marine biopolymers as preservative agents
Abstract
28.1 Introduction
28.2 Marine biopolymers in preservation
28.3 Food products that are preserved by marine biopolymers
28.4 Marine protein
28.5 Application of muscle protein
28.6 Advantages of using marine proteins in food preservation
28.7 Disadvantages of using marine proteins in food preservation
28.8 Polysaccharides
28.9 Advantages of using marine polysaccharides in food preservation
28.10 Disadvantages of using marine polysaccharides in food preservation
28.11 Conclusions
References
Chapter 29. Marine based biopolymers for food packaging applications
Abstract
29.1 Introduction
29.2 Chitosan-based biopolymer for food packaging
29.3 Carrageenan-based biopolymer for food packaging
29.4 Alginate-based biopolymer for food packaging
29.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 30. Marine degradable plastic and their applications
Abstract
30.1 Introduction
30.2 Effects of biodegradable plastics in marine environment
30.3 Biodegradation ability in the marine environment and related factors
30.4 History of standardization of marine degradability evaluation methods
30.5 Details of the new ISO 22403 and 22766 standards for marine degradable plastics
30.6 Promising seawater-degradable polymers without the need for blending or modification
30.7 Seawater-degradable blends containing degradation promoters
30.8 Future scope in marine degradable plastics
30.9 Conclusions
References
Chapter 31. Marine microbial biopolymers and their applications
Abstract
31.1 Introduction
31.2 Classes of microbial biopolymers
31.3 Microbial biopolymer synthesis and applications
31.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 32. Textile applications in marine for oil spill removal
Abstract
32.1 Introduction
32.2 Oil sorption phenomenon
32.3 Traditional techniques for oil spill remediation
32.4 Measurement of oil sorption capacity
32.5 Textile fibers and cellulosic materials used in oil spill remediation
32.6 Innovations
32.7 New concepts (synthetic fiber matrix and maleated couplings)
32.8 Miscellaneous fibers
32.9 Conclusion
References
Chapter 33. Economic aspects of marine biopolymers
Abstract
33.1 Introduction
33.2 Polysaccharide marine biopolymers
33.3 Protein marine biopolymers
33.4 Conclusions
References
Chapter 34. Future research and developments in marine biopolymers
Abstract
34.1 Marine biopolymers
34.2 Research and development
34.3 Conclusions
Acknowledgment
References
Index

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health

Marine Biopolymers

Processing, Functionality and Applications

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Shakeel Ahmed

Aisverya Soundararajan

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