
Living Donor Organ Transplantation
- 2nd Edition - January 18, 2024
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Editors: Rainer W.G. Gruessner, Enrico Benedetti
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 2 3 5 7 1 - 9
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 2 3 5 7 2 - 6
Living Donor Organ Transplantation, Second Edition puts the entire discipline in perspective while guiding readers step-by-step through the most common organ transplant su… Read more

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Request a sales quoteLiving Donor Organ Transplantation, Second Edition puts the entire discipline in perspective while guiding readers step-by-step through the most common organ transplant surgeries. This two-volume set is organized into five cohesive parts, and featuring numerous surgical illustrations, this sourcebook delivers an incisive look at every key consideration for general surgeons who perform transplantations, from patient selection to recipient workup and outcomes. The books emphasize the most humanitarian approaches and provide content on living donor uterus transplantation, new operative techniques, including the use of robotic and minimally invasive transplant procedures, new immunosuppressive regimens, new protocols of tolerance induction, including stem cell therapy and transplantation, and more.
Chapter authors are international leaders in their fields and represent institutions from four continents (Americas: USA, Argentina, Brazil, Canada; Europe: France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden, UK; Asia: China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan; Australia).
Chapter authors are international leaders in their fields and represent institutions from four continents (Americas: USA, Argentina, Brazil, Canada; Europe: France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden, UK; Asia: China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan; Australia).
- Provides an A-Z, operation-oriented guide to the field of living donor organ transplantation
- Examines a wide spectrum of solid organ transplantation procedures (liver, pancreas, kidney, intestine), with accompanying chapters on the history of the procedure, the donor, the recipient, and cost analysis
- Covers techniques that explain adequate pretransplant workup and posttransplant care
- Covers cultural differences, ethical and legal issues, social issues, current financial incentives, and the illegal organ trade
Transplant surgeons (established and in-training), pancreas and HPB surgeons, urologists, gastroenterologists, hepatologists, nephrologists, diabetologists, endocrinologists, pancreatologists, obstetricians
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Dedication
- Contributors to Volume 1
- Contributors to Volume 2
- Foreword
- Preface
- The international state-of-the-art conferences on living donor abdominal organ transplantation
- Acknowledgments
- Volume 1
- Part I. General aspects of living donor organ transplantation
- Chapter 1. Introduction and Rationale
- Chapter 2. Cultural differences in living organ donation
- Chapter 2.1. A global perspective
- Chapter 2.2. The United States experience
- Chapter 2.2.1. The experience in the United States of racial disparities in living donor organ transplantation: African Americans
- Chapter 2.2.2. The experience in the United States of racial disparities in living donor organ transplantation: Hispanics
- Chapter 2.3. The European East-West difference
- Chapter 3. Ethical and legal issues
- Chapter 3.1. The American perspective
- Chapter 3.2. The Asian perspective
- Chapter 3.3. The European perspective
- Chapter 3.4. Ethical and legal issues - UNOS and living donation: present and future donor policies
- Chapter 4. Donor counseling and consent
- Chapter 4.1. Ethically teaching and testing living organ donors
- Chapter 4.2. Informed consent
- Chapter 4.3. Donor advocacy
- Chapter 5. Nondirected donation
- Introduction
- The beginning of nondirected donation at University of Minnesota
- Nondirected donation around the world
- NDD candidate evaluation
- NDD versus traditional directed donor acceptance or exclusion
- Motivation
- Psychosocial outcomes
- Financial burden related to donation
- NDD anonymity
- NDDs with life-threatening or other diseases
- Evolution of NDD at the University of Minnesota
- Nondirected donors and paired exchange
- Ethical concerns about NDDs, paired exchange, and the voucher system
- Going forward
- Chapter 6. Social issues in living donor organ transplantation
- Trends in living donor kidney donor transplant
- Informed consent requirements for living donors
- Barriers and facilitators to living donation
- Donor evaluation and surgical processes
- Emotional experiences of becoming a living donor
- Next steps to support expansion of living donation
- Part II. Paid legal and illegal organ donation
- Chapter 7. Current financial incentives
- Chapter 7.1. Financial incentives in western countries
- Chapter 7.2. Incentives in non-Western countries: the Iranian model
- Chapter 7.3. Paid legal and illegal organ donation, current financial incentives: impact of government-sponsored financial reimbursement of expenses
- Chapter 8. Paid legal organ donation
- Chapter 8.1. PRO: the clinicians perspective
- Chapter 8.2. PRO: the philosopher’s perspective
- Chapter 8.3. Con: the clinician’s perspective∗
- Chapter 8.4. Con: the ethicist’s perspective∗
- Chapter 9. Paid organ donation: challenges for public health care policy
- Failures of the current regulatory environment: introduction
- Improving access to transplantation: the need to move beyond rhetoric
- Justice, fairness, and exploitation
- Markets, innovation, and excellence
- Concluding reflections
- Chapter 10. Who's got the knife? The role of surgeons in transplant trafficking
- The growth of illicit networks in global transplantation
- Conclusion
- Part III. The role of social media
- Chapter 11. Living donor organ transplantation: the role of public solicitation
- Summary
- What is solicitation?
- Terminology
- Why do people engage in public solicitation?
- Why is public solicitation for living donor organs controversial?
- Health care professionals' views and ethical issues
- Social media
- Dealing with public solicitation campaigns
- National guidance regarding public solicitation (directed altruistic donation/solicited specified direct donation)
- Recommendations
- Chapter 12. The internet and social media's impact on paid legal and illegal organ donation
- History of transplantation in the United States
- Internet and social media use in the United States
- National and international organ donation systems
- Organ donation in the age of the Internet and social media
- Laws governing the national transplant system
- Legal and ethical implications of online organ solicitation
- Future roles of the Internet and social media in organ donation
- Organ-specific aspects of living donor abdominal organ transplantation
- Section I. Kidney transplantation
- Chapter 13. Kidney transplantation: personal reflections
- Chapter 14. History of living donor kidney transplantation
- December 23, 1954
- After December 23, 1954
- Well beyond December 23, 1954
- Mid-1960s
- Late 1960s
- The 1970s and beyond
- Chapter 15. Kidney transplantation: geographical differences
- Introduction
- United States and Canada
- Europe
- The Latin Americas
- Australia and New Zealand
- Conclusion
- Chapter 16. Preemptive living donor transplantation: The ideal therapeutic modality for end-stage kidney disease
- Introduction
- The survival benefit of kidney transplantation
- The deleterious association of pretransplant dialysis with outcomes posttransplantation
- Incidence of preemptive wait-list placement and transplantation
- Characteristics of preemptive living donor recipients
- Summary
- Chapter 17. Kidney transplantation: Assessment of the Kidney Donor Candidate
- Chapter 17.1. Kidney transplantation: the donor selection and workup
- Chapter 17.2. The marginal donor
- Chapter 17.3. The hepatitis C-positive donor
- Chapter 17.4. Infection transmission from donors, including COVID-19
- Chapter 17.5. Immunologic evaluation and histocompatibility testing for live donor kidney transplantation
- Chapter 17.6. Anesthesia management of the living kidney donor
- Chapter 17.7. Surgical procedures
- Chapter 17.7.1. Open standard nephrectomy
- Chapter 17.7.2. Minimally invasive open donor nephrectomy ‘mini-nephrectomy’
- Chapter 17.7.3. Transperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy
- Chapter 17.7.4. Retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy
- Chapter 17.7.5. Robotic nephrectomy
- Chapter 17.7.6. Living donor nephrectomy techniques: comparative review and critical appraisal
- Chapter 17.7.7. Vaginal donor nephrectomy
- Chapter 17.8. Peri-operative care of the living kidney donor
- Chapter 17.9. Morbidity and mortality
- Chapter 17.10. Long-term medical outcomes
- Chapter 17.11. Psychological aspects
- Chapter 17.12. Long-term psychosocial outcomes
- Chapter 17.13. International living donor registry
- Chapter 17.14. Clinical trials of tolerance induction in living donor kidney transplantation
- Chapter 18. Kidney transplantation: the recipient
- Chapter 18.1. Recipient selection and workup
- Chapter 18.2. Anesthetic management of the kidney recipient
- Surgical procedures
- Chapter 18.3.1. Open procedures
- Chapter 18.3.2. Surgical procedures: robotic procedures
- Chapter 18.3.3. Laparoscopic and robotic kidney transplantation with vaginal insertion of the graft
- Chapter 18.4. Ischemia and reperfusion injury
- Chapter 18.5. Perioperative care
- Chapter 18.6. Posttransplant complications
- Chapter 18.7. Immunosuppression for living donor kidney transplantation
- Chapter 18.8. Immunobiology
- Chapter 18.9. Molecular fingerprinting in living donation: a benchmark of organ viability
- Chapter 18.10. Biomarkers of tolerant patients
- Chapter 18.11. Recurrence of disease
- Chapter 18.12. APOL1 and donor/recipient risk of graft failure
- Chapter 18.13. Retransplantation
- Chapter 18.14 Pediatric transplantation
- Chapter 18.14.1. Medical aspects of the pediatric kidney recipient
- Chapter 18.14.2. Surgical techniques and complications in pediatric kidney transplantation
- Chapter 18.15. Long-term outcome
- Chapter 18.16. Living donor kidney transplantation and malignancy
- Chapter 18.17. Strategies to maximize the donor pool
- Chapter 18.17.1. Living donor kidney paired exchange
- Chapter 18.17.2. Desensitization protocols for high-PRA recipients
- Chapter 18.17.3. ABO-incompatible kidney transplantation
- Chapter 18.17.4. Auxiliary liver transplants for highly sensitized kidney recipients
- Chapter 19. Economic review of living donor kidney transplantation
- Introduction
- Costs and outcomes in LDKT
- Current issues affecting LDKT
- Limits to LDKT expansion
- Impact of worsening population health
- Costs to donors and financial incompatibility
- Donor compensation
- Kidney exchange programs
- Summary
- Section II. Pancreas transplantation
- Chapter 20. History of and rationale for pancreas transplantation
- Chapter 20.1. History of living donor pancreas transplantation
- Chapter 20.2. Rationale for living donor pancreas transplants
- Chapter 21. Pancreas transplantation: the donor
- Chapter 21.1. Selection and workup
- Chapter 21.2. Surgical Procedures and Perioperative Care
- Chapter 21.3. Morbidity, mortality, and long-term outcome
- Chapter 22. Pancreas transplantation: the recipient
- Chapter 22.1. Selection and workup
- Chapter 22.2. Surgical procedures
- Chapter 22.3. Perioperative care, immunosuppressive therapy, and posttransplant complications
- Chapter 22.4. The identical twin transplant experience: recurrence of disease
- Chapter 23. Living donor pancreas transplantation: the Asian experience
- Introduction
- History
- Korea
- Japan
- Indication
- Pretransplant evaluation
- Surgical procedure
- Perioperative management
- Discharge and follow-up
- Outcome
- Postoperative complications
- Effects of LDPT on diabetic complications and quality of life
- Chapter 24. Living donor pancreas transplantation – The IPTR report
- Donor–recipient relationship: US experience5
- Recipient outcome: US experience5
- Long-term graft survival
- Chapter 25. Islet autotransplantation after pancreatectomy
- Chapter 25.1. History and surgical techniques of total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation (TPIAT)
- Chapter 25.2. Islet isolation
- Chapter 25.3. Total pancreatectomy and islet autotransplantation: short-term and long-term outcomes
- Chapter 26. Islet transplantation using living donors
- Introduction
- Background
- Donor considerations
- Recipient considerations
- Conclusions
- Volume 2
- Section III. Liver transplantation
- Chapter 27. Personal reflections and history of living donor liver transplantation
- Chapter 28. The impact of the A2ALL study
- Introduction
- Donor outcomes
- The A2ALL biorepository
- Summary
- Chapter 29. Regional variations of the living donor liver transplant experience in the United States
- History
- Current state of live donor liver transplantation in the United States
- LDLT effects on wait-list mortality
- Technical aspects
- Future directions
- Chapter 30. Institutional needs for living donor liver transplantation
- Introduction
- Background
- Donor and recipient considerations
- Medical and surgical infrastructure
- Data collection
- Future directions
- Chapter 31. Split liver transplantation
- Key points
- Introduction
- Chapter 32. Liver regeneration
- Introduction
- Rodent partial hepatectomy model
- Molecular mechanisms of liver regeneration
- Clinical factors influencing hepatic regeneration
- Emerging therapies and applications
- Conclusions
- Chapter 33. Living donor liver transplantation: the donor
- Chapter 33.1. The donor evaluation
- Chapter 33.2. All in one MRI donor evaluation
- Chapter 33.3. Anesthetic management for live donor hepatectomies
- Chapter 33.4. Surgical procedures
- Chapter 33.5. Perioperative care
- Chapter 33.6. Donor morbidity and mortality
- Chapter 33.7. Long-term donor outcomes
- Chapter 33.8. Psychological aspects
- Chapter 34. Liver transplantation: the recipient
- Chapter 34.1. Recipient selection
- Chapter 34.2. Anesthesia management of living-donor liver recipients
- Chapter 34.3. Surgical procedures
- Chapter 34.4. Liver ischemia-reperfusion injury
- Chapter 34.5. Small-for-size grafts
- Chapter 34.6. Perioperative care of the live donor liver recipient
- Chapter 34.7. Perioperative care of the pediatric LD liver recipient
- Chapter 34.8. Liver transplantation and complications
- Chapter 34.9. Interventional therapies
- Chapter 34.10. Immunosuppressive therapy in liver transplantation
- Chapter 34.11. Immunobiology: the recipient
- Chapter 34.12. Specific indications
- Chapter 34.13. Domino liver transplantation
- Chapter 34.14. Liver retransplantation
- Chapter 34.15. Long-term outcome
- Chapter 34.16. Strategies to maximize the donor pool
- Chapter 35. Liver transplantation: cost analysis
- Introduction
- Cost of deceased donor liver transplantation
- Factors associated with cost of DDLT
- Costs of medical therapy posttransplant
- Costs of living donor Liver transplantation
- Summary and conclusions
- Section IV. Intestinal transplantation
- Chapter 36. History of living donor intestinal transplantation
- Introduction
- Precyclosporine era
- Cyclosporine era
- Tacrolimus era
- Development of first standardized surgical technique, tacrolimus era
- LD intestinal transplantation since development of an standardized surgical technique
- Combined intestinal and liver transplants
- Intestinal transplant registry reports and outcome studies
- Comments and directions
- Chapter 37. Indications for living donor intestinal (and liver) transplantation
- Introduction
- Chapter 38. Intestinal transplantation: the donor
- Chapter 38.1. Selection and workup
- Chapter 38.2. Surgical procedures and perioperative care
- Chapter 39. Intestinal transplantation: the recipient
- Chapter 39.1. Selection and workup
- Chapter 39.2. Surgical procedures and perioperative care
- Chapter 39.3. Sequential and simultaneous intestinal and liver transplants—indications, techniques and outcome
- Chapter 39.4. Immunosuppressive therapy, immunobiology therapy, and postoperative complications
- Chapter 39.5. Long-term outcomes
- Chapter 39.6. Registry report
- Section V. Uterus transplantation
- Chapter 40. History of living donor uterus transplantation
- Ethical considerations
- Evolution to the present practice
- Chapter 41. Uterus transplantation—the donor
- Chapter 41.1. Selection and workup
- Chapter 41.2. Surgical procedures, perioperative care, and postoperative complications
- Chapter 41.3. Robotic and laparoscopic procedures
- Chapter 42. Uterus transplantation—the recipient
- Chapter 42.1. Indication, selection, and workup
- Chapter 42.2. Psychosocial assessment
- Chapter 42.3. Surgical procedures and perioperative care
- Chapter 42.4. Immunosuppressive therapy and postoperative complications
- Chapter 42.5. From living donor uterus transplantation to live birth obstetrical management
- Chapter 42.6. Global results of living donor transplantation
- Chapter 42.7. Should uterus transplants receive public funding? An ethics and policy analysis
- Part V. Future developments and alternatives to living donor transplantation
- Chapter 43. Dual-organ donation and transplantation
- Introduction
- Dual-organ transplants from the same living donor
- Dual-organ transplants from different living donors
- Conclusions
- Chapter 44. Use of living donors for HIV-positive transplant candidates
- Introduction: ethics of living donor transplantation in the HIV-positive recipient
- Rationale for solid organ transplantation in the cART era
- Increasing demand for solid organ transplants in HIV-positive recipients
- Patient selection, donor issues, clinical management, and early outcomes in solid organ transplantation in people with HIV in the cART era
- Posttransplant clinical management
- Early outcomes in solid organ transplantation in people with HIV in the cART era
- Conclusions
- Chapter 45. New immunosuppressive protocols in living donor organ transplantation
- Introduction
- Costimulation blockade-based immunosuppression
- Calcineurin inhibitor minimization and avoidance
- Treatment of humoral rejection
- Regulatory cell infusions to avoid rejection
- What's in the pipeline?
- Chapter 46. Strategies to induce tolerance
- Introduction
- Mechanisms of tolerance
- Strategies to induce tolerance
- Future directions
- Summary
- Chapter 47. Future developments: Xenotransplantation
- Introduction
- A brief history of xenotransplantation
- Choice of the most appropriate donor species
- Potential advantages of xeno- over allotransplantation
- Immunologic barriers of xenotransplantation
- Strategies to prevent xenograft rejection
- Preparing the donor
- Preparing the recipient
- Conclusions
- Chapter 48. Living donor organ transplantation—gene therapy
- Introduction
- Vectors
- Therapeutic strategies in gene therapy
- Immune responses to vectors
- Gene therapy in solid organ transplantation
- Immunosuppressive strategies
- Gene therapy in tissue and cell transplantation
- Future directions and challenges
- Chapter 49. Organogenesis and related approaches for organ replacement
- Introduction
- Future demand for organ replacement
- Characteristics of organogenesis
- Application of organogenesis
- Types and sources of cells for organogenesis
- Some challenges associated with cell sources and types used in organogenesis
- Organogenesis: a synthesis
- Chapter 50. Consensus conferences on living donor organ transplantation
- Chapter 50.1. The Declaration of Istanbul on organ trafficking and transplant tourism
- Chapter 50.2. Commentary: the Amsterdam and Vancouver conferences on living organ donation
- Chapter 51. Impact of the coronavirus pandemic on living-donor organ transplantation
- Impact of COVID-19 in CKD and dialysis population
- COVID-19 and organ transplantation
- Practices, decision-making, and organization of living-donor activity during COVID-19
- Immunosuppression regimen in COVID-19 living-donor kidney transplant recipients
- SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in kidney transplant recipients
- Chapter 52. The cumulative United States experience in living donor organ transplantation
- Introduction
- Statistical methods
- Living donor transplant characteristics
- Comments
- Index
- Index
- Edition: 2
- Published: January 18, 2024
- Imprint: Academic Press
- No. of pages: 1664
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN: 9780443235719
- eBook ISBN: 9780443235726
RG
Rainer W.G. Gruessner
Dr. Rainer W. G. Gruessner, MD, FACS, FICS, is Professor of Surgery at SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University. He formerly served as Chairmen of the Departments of Surgery at the University of Zurich, University of Arizona, and State University of New York. Dr. Gruessner is a nationally renowned surgeon and clinical innovator who has developed new surgical techniques for intestinal, pancreas, and liver transplants. He is prolific academic, a committed educator, and successful mentor to surgical and transplant faculty, residents and fellows. Dr. Gruessner’s academic accomplishments include more than 700 published manuscripts, review articles, book chapters, and published abstracts. Dr. Gruessner has been an invited speaker at over 170 institutions and meetings worldwide. He’s (co-) edited five textbooks: the standard textbooks on Transplantation of the Pancreas, Living Donor Transplantation, and Robotic Surgery and serving as senior editor of a textbook on Transplantation, Bioengineering and Regeneration of the Endocrine Pancreas and a textbook on Technological Advances in Surgery, Trauma and Critical Care. He has served as PI and co-investigator on over 20 research projects and clinical trials, supported by industry, foundations, and the NIH. Dr. Gruessner is a member of over 20 national and international professional societies, has organized many international congresses, is an editorial board member for about 10 journals and has served on many professional and societal committees. In 2019, he received the Richard C. Lillehei award from the International Pancreas and Islet Association (IPITA) for his lifetime achievements in the field of pancreas transplantation.
Affiliations and expertise
Professor and Former Chairman, Department of Surgery, University of Zurich, University of Arizona, and State University of New York, SUNY-Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USAEB
Enrico Benedetti
Enrico Benedetti, MD, FACS, Warren H. Cole Chair in Surgery, Professor and Head of the Department of Surgery and Medical Director, Abdominal Organ Transplant Program at the University of Illinois at Chicago.
Enrico Benedetti was born in Perugia, Italy, on Oct. 3, 1960. Dr. Benedetti graduated cum laude from the medical school in the University of Florence in 1985 and completed a surgical residency at the same university by 1989.
In 1989, he moved to Chicago to start a United States surgery residency at the University of Illinois at Chicago, which he completed in 1993. Dr. Benedetti earned a fellowship in transplant surgery at the University of Minnesota. Since 1994, Dr. Benedetti has been a transplant surgeon at the University of Illinois. He started as an Assistant Professor of Surgery and rose through the ranks first to Associate Professor in 1999 and then to Professor in 2005. Dr. Benedetti is currently the Head of Department of Surgery and the Director of the Abdominal Organ Transplant Program at the University of Illinois at Chicago. Dr. Benedetti is also the recipient of the Joseph Cardinal Bernardin Humanitarian of the Year Award. Dr. Benedetti has published more than 300 articles and more than 30 book chapters and is the editor of the seminal book, “Living Donor Organ Transplantation.”
Included among his many surgical accomplishments are:
• The first successful combined coronary artery bypass and liver transplant worldwide
• The first robotic donor nephrectomy for living donor kidney transplant worldwide in 2000
• The first combined living donor liver/bowel transplant from adult to an infant worldwide in 2003
• The first robotic combined kidney/pancreas procurement for living donor kidney/pancreas transplant worldwide in 2005
• The largest series worldwide of living donor intestinal transplantation (32 of a total of 47 cases done in the world)
• First robotic kidney transplant in obese recipient in 2009
Affiliations and expertise
Warren H. Cole Chair in Surgery, Professor & Head, Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USARead Living Donor Organ Transplantation on ScienceDirect