Lipids in Pulmonary Drug Delivery

1st Edition - February 26, 2025
Imprint: Academic Press
Editors: Md Faiyazuddin, Hasan Ali, Md Akbar, Babar Iqbal
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 2 2 3 7 4 - 7
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 2 2 3 7 5 - 4

Lipid in Pulmonary Drug Delivery explores the most recent advancements, strategies, and state-of-the-art technological progress in the development of lipid-based nanocarri… Read more

Purchase options

World Book Day Celebration!

Save up to 30% on books and eBooks!

Shop now

Institutional subscription on ScienceDirect

Request a sales quote

Lipid in Pulmonary Drug Delivery explores the most recent advancements, strategies, and state-of-the-art technological progress in the development of lipid-based nanocarriers for pulmonary administration. The book presents wide coverage of various lipid-based nano-drug carriers such as liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, and nanoemulsions intended for the administration of drugs through the pulmonary route to treat different conditions. It also includes a general description of the formulation aspects of various lipid-based drug delivery vehicles, post-production processing, and biofate aspects with special emphasis on the pulmonary microenvironment.

In addition, the authors include an update on the clinical status of the potential lipid nanocarriers used for effective management of the pulmonary related diseases. Written in a technical way covering the latest advancements in lipid-based drug delivery for pulmonary administration, this book is a useful reference for researchers, scientists, and graduate and postgraduate students working on, or planning, research in the field of lipid-based nano-drug pulmonary delivery platforms.

Title of Book
Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Dedication
Contributors
About the editors
Preface
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1. Lipid nanotechnology
1 Introduction
2 Lipids
2.1 Long-chain and medium-chain triglycerides (natural oils/lipids)
2.2 Synthetic and semisynthetic lipids
3 Lipid nanotechnology
3.1 Lipid nanotechnology in medicine
4 Drug delivery based applications
4.1 Lipid-based nanomedicine in oral delivery system
4.2 Lipid-based nanomedicine in pulmonary delivery system
4.3 Lipid-based nanomedicine in transdermal system
4.4 Lipid-based nanomedicine in ocular drug delivery system
5 Lipid nanofluidics
6 Lipid-based self-assembly structures
7 Lipid nanotechnology: A translational perspective in medicine
8 Challenges
9 Conclusion
Chapter 2. Current scenario and challenges of lipid-based nanomedicines for pulmonary drug delivery
1 Introduction
2 Lipid-based nanocarriers
2.1 Liposomes
2.2 Solid lipid nanoparticles
2.3 Nanostructured lipid carriers/lipid carriers with nanostructure
2.3.1 Lipid-based micelles
2.4 Other lipid-based formulations
2.4.1 Microemulsions
2.4.2 Lipid-based nanogels
2.4.3 Cubosomes
2.4.4 Vesosomes
3 Advantages and challenges of lipid-based nanomedicines
3.1 Improved bioavailability
3.2 Targeted drug delivery to the lungs
3.3 Safety and biocompatibility
4 Challenges in formulation development
4.1 Improved solubility of drugs
4.2 Controlled release of drugs
4.3 Sensitive compound stabilization
4.4 Decreased toxicity and biocompatibility
4.5 Flexible use cases
5 Aspects related to regulation
5.1 Well-established track record
5.2 Safety and biocompatibility
5.3 Precise formulation control
5.4 Targeted distribution
5.5 Conformity with official directives
5.6 Reduction in adverse effects and toxicity
6 Current advancements in lipid-based nanomedicines for delivery to the pulmonary system
6.1 Lipid-based inhalable nanoparticles
6.2 Lipid-based macromolecule nanocarriers
6.3 Personalized medicine and combination therapies
6.4 An examination of case studies and potential uses
7 Lipid-based macromolecule nanocarriers
7.1 Features of lipid-based inhalable nanoparticles
7.2 Benefits of lipid-based inhalable nanoparticles
8 Impact of transformation on the delivery of pulmonary drugs
8.1 Personalized medicine and combination therapies
8.2 Macromolecules in therapeutics
9 Lipid-based nanocarriers' function
9.1 Case studies
10 Patient acceptance and compliance: Advancing personalized healthcare
11 Aspects of pharmacoeconomics
11.1 Patient-first healthcare
11.2 Handling lipid-based nanomedicines evolution
11.3 Customized medicine and adapted treatments
12 Conclusion
Chapter 3. Effect of environment of the respiratory tract on nanomedicine drug delivery
1 Introduction
2 Impact of pulmonary environment on the delivery of APIs via nanoparticulate systems
2.1 Interaction between upper respiratory microbiome and nanoparticulate system
2.2 Airway geometry and humidity
2.3 Mechanism of lung clearance
2.4 Depositions in lung diseases
2.5 Bronchial circulation
3 Innovative nanoparticulate system for efficient pulmonary delivery of drugs
3.1 Polymeric nanoparticles
3.2 Liposome
3.3 Solid lipid nanoparticles
3.4 Nanoemulsion
3.5 Dendrimers
4 Novel polymeric excipients to enhance pulmonary delivery
5 Extracellular vesicles as a delivery platform for pulmonary drug delivery
6 Biomedically engineered devices utilised for pulmonary drug delivery
7 Progress made on pulmonary delivery of vaccines
8 Conclusion
Chapter 4. Aerodynamics and deposition of lipid-based nanocarriers in the lungs
1 Introduction
2 Aerosolization of drug carriers in lungs
2.1 Aerosolization using nebulizers
2.2 Aerosolization using metered-dose inhalers
2.3 Aersolization using dry powder inhalers
3 Aerodynamics of lipid nanocarriers in lungs
4 Deposition of lipid nanocarriers
4.1 Impaction
4.2 Sedimentation
4.3 Interception
4.4 Diffusion
4.5 Electrostatic precipitation
5 Clearance of nanoparticle from pulmonary route
5.1 Airway geometry and humidity
5.2 Lung clearance mechanisms
5.3 Bronchial circulation
6 Conclusion
Chapter 5. Liposome as a versatile carrier for pulmonary drug delivery
1 Introduction
2 Structure of liposomes
3 Role of carriers in enhancing drug efficacy and targeting of liposomes in pulmonary drug delivery
4 Enhancement of drug efficacy
4.1 Improved drug solubility and stability
4.2 Controlled and sustained release
4.3 Enhanced bioavailability
5 Targeting and drug delivery efficiency
5.1 Passive targeting through liposome properties
5.2 Surface modification for active targeting
5.3 Stealth liposomes
6 Classification of liposome
7 Liposome in pulmonary drug delivery: Mechanism of action
8 Strategies for pulmonary delivery system
9 Physicochemical characterization
10 Particle size
11 Particle morphology
11.1 Particle surface charge
12 In vitro and in vivo evaluation techniques
12.1 In vitro evaluation techniques
12.1.1 Dynamic light scattering
12.1.2 High-performance liquid chromatography
12.1.3 Entrapment efficiency
13 Zeta potential measurement
14 Methods of measurement
15 Advantages of studying cell culture
16 Studies on cell cultures
16.1 In vivo evaluation techniques
17 Latest advancement in liposomes
18 Conclusion
Chapter 6. Advancements in nanostructured lipid carriers as drug delivery vehicles in the lungs
1 Introduction
2 Nanostructured lipid carriers
2.1 Plain NLCs
2.2 Multifunctional NLCs
2.3 PEGylated NLCs
2.4 Ligand-attached NLCs
3 Optimal conditions for creating NLCs based DDS with lung targeting
4 NLCs based DDS to treat various lung diseases
4.1 Asthma
4.2 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
4.3 Acute lung injury
4.4 Lung cancer
4.5 Pulmonary tuberculosis
4.6 Cystic fibrosis
4.7 Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
4.8 Miscellaneous infections
4.8.1 Multidrug co-delivery
5 Preclinical safety and efficacy of NLCs for lung targeting
6 Future scope
7 Summary and conclusion
Chapter 7. Solid lipid nanoparticles: A potential drug carrier in pulmonary system
1 Introduction
2 Criteria for the use of lipid nanoparticles in pulmonary applications
2.1 Sterilization
2.2 pH value and isotonicity
2.3 Biocompatibility
2.4 Aerodynamic criteria
3 Guidelines for developing SLN-based aerosols for lungs
4 Advantages of SLN after pulmonary administration
4.1 Systemic delivery versus local delivery
4.2 Customized SLN for the pulmonary drug delivery
4.3 SLN for the treatment of respiratory conditions
4.4 SLN for the treatment of tuberculosis
4.5 SLN as a gene vectors through pulmonary route
4.6 Toxicological effects of SLN administered via the pulmonary route
5 Conclusion
Chapter 8. Insights and applications of nanoemulsions as a drug carrier in lungs
1 Introduction
1.1 Advantages of nanoemulsion
2 Aspects of nanoemulsion formulation and method of preparation
2.1 High-pressure homogenization
2.2 Microfluidization
2.3 Phase inversion temperature technique
2.4 Solvent displacement method
2.5 Self-nanoemulsification method
3 Digestion of nanoemulsions
4 Characterization of nanoemulsions
4.1 Droplet size analysis
4.2 Viscosity determination
4.3 Dilution test
4.4 Drug content
4.5 Polydispersity
4.6 Dye test
4.7 Refractive index
4.8 pH determination
4.9 Zeta potential
4.10 Fluorescence test
4.11 Percentage transmittance
4.12 Conductance measurement
4.13 Filter paper test
5 Nanoemulsion for lung cancer therapy
6 Insight and applications of nanoemulsion as a drug carrier in lungs
7 Clinical aspect of nanoemulsions
7.1 Drug delivery
7.2 Enhanced bioavailability
7.3 Targeted delivery
7.4 Controlled release
8 Applications of nanoemulsions in drug delivery
8.1 Topical drug delivery
8.2 Pulmonary drug delivery
8.3 Systemic drug delivery
8.4 Theranostic applications
9 Future perspectives
Chapter 9. Lipid-based drug delivery for lungs cancer
1 Introduction
1.1 Causes and symptoms of lung cancer
1.1.1 Some other causes include
1.2 Symptoms of lung cancer
1.3 Conventional drug therapy in LC treatment
1.4 Surgery and radiotherapy
1.5 Chemotherapy
1.6 Molecular targeted therapies: Molecular basis of lung cancer
1.6.1 Resistance mechanism
2 Challenges of conventional drug therapy and emerging treatments in LC treatment
2.1 Immunotherapies
2.2 Therapeutic vaccines
2.3 Modulating gene therapy
3 Lipid-based drug therapy
4 Physicochemical aspects to take into account for effective lipid-based nanocarrier-based pulmonary delivery of anticancer drugs
4.1 Particle size
4.2 Surface charge
4.3 Surface modification
4.4 Drug loading and release
4.5 Biocompatibility
4.6 Stability in biological fluids
4.7 Inhalation device compatibility
4.8 Targeting the lung cancer microenvironment
5 Passive, and active targeting for efficient lipid-based nanocarrier-based pulmonary delivery of anticancer drugs
5.1 Passive targeting
5.2 Active targeting
6 Devices for the intrapulmonary administration of lipid-based nanocarrier-loaded anticancer drugs
6.1 Metered dose inhalers (MDIs)
6.2 Dry powder inhalers
6.3 Nebulizers
6.4 Soft mist inhalers (SMIs)
6.5 Vibrating mesh nebulizers
7 Lipid-based nanocarriers for LC treatment
7.1 Liposomal dry powder
7.2 Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs)
7.3 Nanoemulsions
7.4 Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs)
7.5 Lipid-drug conjugates
7.6 Cubosomes
7.7 Extracellular vesicles
7.8 Smart lipid-based NPs
7.9 Multifunctional lipid-based NPs for codelivery of anticancer drugs and siRNA
8 Challenges of lipid-based drug therapy in LC treatment
8.1 Drug delivery to lung tumors
8.2 Biological barriers and clearance
8.3 Pulmonary toxicity and safety
8.4 Resistance mechanisms
8.5 Clinical translation and regulatory challenges
8.6 Cost and manufacturing scale-up
8.7 Personalized medicine approaches
9 Pros and cons of lipid-based drug therapy in LC treatment
10 Conclusion
Chapter 10. Exploring the state-of-art of lipid nanomedicines for obstructive pulmonary diseases
1 Introduction
1.1 Background
1.2 Significance of obstructive pulmonary diseases (OPDs)
1.3 Challenges in traditional drug delivery for OPDs
2 Physiology of the respiratory system
2.1 Overview of the respiratory system
2.2 Challenges in drug delivery to deep lung regions
3 Lipid-based nanocarriers: An overview
3.1 Liposomes
3.1.1 Composition and structure
3.1.2 Biocompatibility and stability
3.1.3 Drug encapsulation
3.2 Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs)
3.2.1 Characteristics of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs)
3.2.2 Drug delivery applications [67,68]
3.2.3 Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs)
3.2.4 Unique properties
3.2.5 Formulation considerations
4 Role of lipid-based nanocarriers in managing OPDs
4.1 Improved drug solubility
4.2 Enhanced bioavailability
4.3 Targeted drug delivery to the lungs
5 Mechanisms of targeted drug delivery
5.1 Passive targeting strategies
5.1.1 EPR effect
5.2 Particle size and penetration
5.2.1 Ligand conjugation
5.2.2 Receptor-mediated endocytosis
6 Recent advancements in design and formulation
6.1 Particle size optimization
6.2 Surface charge modification
6.3 Composition considerations
7 Safety consideration and toxicity profile
7.1 Biocompatibility
7.2 Potential toxicities
7.3 Regulatory considerations
8 Future perspectives
9 Conclusion
Chapter 11. Lipid-based drug delivery for pulmonary microbial infections
1 Introduction
2 Brief about pulmonary microbial infections
3 Types of lipid-based systems for pulmonary delivery
4 Nanoemulsion and microemulsions
5 Liposomes
6 Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN)
7 Polymeric nanoparticles
8 Nanomicelles
9 Formulation strategies and limitations of lipid-based drug delivery systems
10 Efficiency of lipid-based delivery system
11 Device competency
12 Patient compliance
13 Clearance and bioavailability of lipid-based delivery system
14 Mucociliary and alveolar macrophage clearance
15 Enzymatic degradation
16 Conclusion
Chapter 12. Lipid-based drug delivery for systemic effect through pulmonary route of administration
1 Introduction
1.1 Lung anatomy and physiology
1.2 Advantages of pulmonary route delivery of drugs
1.3 Lipid-based carriers in pulmonary diseases
1.4 Lipid-based carriers in different diseases
1.5 Challenges in lipid-based drug formulation
2 Techniques involved with lipid-based pulmonary drug delivery system
2.1 Drug particle formulation techniques
2.1.1 Lyophilization/freeze drying
2.1.2 Jet milling
2.1.3 Spray drying
2.1.4 Crossflow injection
2.1.5 Thin-film hydration
2.1.6 Microfluidic channel
2.1.7 Membrane contactors
2.1.8 High-pressure homogenization
2.1.9 Supercritical reverse-phase evaporation
2.2 Drug delivery strategies
2.2.1 Inhalation
2.2.2 Intranasal spray
2.2.3 Intratracheal instillation
3 Lipid-based particles for pulmonary drug delivery
3.1 Lipid microparticles
3.1.1 Features of lipid microparticles
3.2 Lipid nanoparticles
3.2.1 Advantages of lipid nanoparticles [109]
3.2.2 Disadvantages of lipid nanoparticles [109]
3.3 Solid lipid nanoparticles
3.3.1 Advantages of solid-lipid nanoparticles
3.3.2 Disadvantages of solid-lipid nanoparticles
3.4 Nanostructured lipid carriers
3.4.1 Advantages of nanostructured lipid carriers
3.4.2 Disadvantages of nanostructured lipid carriers
3.5 Liposomes
3.5.1 Drug loading in liposomes
3.5.2 Advantages of liposome [116]
3.5.3 Disadvantages of liposome [116]
3.5.4 Classification of liposomes
3.6 Multilamellar vesicles
3.7 Unilamellar vesicles
3.8 Multivesicular liposomes
3.9 Associated excipients or polymers
4 Lipid-based pulmonary drug delivery devices
4.1 Inhaler
4.1.1 Pressurized metered dose inhaler
4.1.2 Soft-mist inhaler
4.1.3 Dry powder inhaler
4.2 Nebulizer
5 FDA-approved treatments for different diseases via pulmonary route
5.1 Asthma
5.1.1 Beta agonists
5.1.2 Anticholinergics (antimuscarinics)
5.2 COPD
5.3 Pulmonary edema
5.4 Pneumonia
5.4.1 Baxdela
5.5 Tuberculosis
5.5.1 Rifampin
5.5.2 Isoniazid/isonicotinic acid hydrazide
5.6 Cancer
5.6.1 Abraxane
6 Challenges in development of pulmonary drug delivery system
6.1 Obtaining proper bodily form
6.2 Creating appropriate animal models
6.3 Overcoming compliance issues
7 Discussion
8 Conclusion
Chapter 13. Biofate of lipid-based nanomedicine after pulmonary administration
1 Introduction
2 Physicochemical considerations for pulmonary drug delivery
2.1 Aerodynamic diameter
2.2 Particle shape
2.3 Surface charge
2.4 Targeting strategies
2.5 Surface functionalization
2.6 Stimuli-responsive nanocarriers
3 Lipid-based nanomedicine for pulmonary delivery
3.1 Liposomes
3.2 Solid lipid nanoparticles
3.3 Nanostructures lipid carriers (NLC)
3.4 Nanoemulsions
4 Biofate of lipid-based nanomedicine after pulmonary administration
4.1 Deposition and uptake in the lungs
4.2 Biodistribution and clearance
4.3 Cellular uptake and intracellular fate
4.4 Metabolism and biodegradation
4.5 Elimination pathways
4.5.1 Enzymatic degradation
5 Challenges of inhaled nanomedicine and design considerations
5.1 Designing a stable lipid formulation
5.2 Defense mechanism of the respiratory system
5.2.1 Mechanical barriers
5.2.2 Chemical barriers
5.2.3 Immunological barriers
5.3 Particle size and deposition
5.4 Stability and drug release kinetics
5.5 Targeting strategies
5.6 Safety and toxicity
5.7 Manufacturing and scale-up
5.8 Regulatory considerations
5.9 Patient variability and compliance
5.10 Long-term stability and storage
5.11 Cost-effectiveness
6 Conclusion and future perspectives
Chapter 14. Surface modification of lipid based drug delivery for lungs
1 Introduction
1.1 Symptoms and causes
2 Nanoparticles based therapeutic approaches
3 Current applications of nanocarriers
4 Lipid-based nanocarriers
4.1 Liposomes
4.2 Polymeric and branched polymeric nanoparticles
4.3 Metal-based nanoparticles
4.4 Magnetic nanoparticles
4.5 Mesoporous silica nanoparticles
5 Imaging modalities used
6 Nanodiagnostics
7 In vivo examination
7.1 Limitations and challenges of nanocarriers with drug delivery systems
8 Conclusion
Chapter 15. Evaluation of lipid-based formulation for pulmonary delivery
1 Introduction
2 Physicochemical characterization
2.1 Particle size and zeta potential
2.2 Crystallinity and polymorphism
2.3 Particle morphology
3 Encapsulation efficiency
4 Drug loading
5 In vitro studies
6 Toxicity analysis
7 In vivo studies
8 In vivo in vitro correlation studies
9 In silico studies
Chapter 16. Physicochemical stability of lipid based nanocarriers in aerosol formulation
1 Introduction
2 Colloidal stability of nanoformulation
2.1 Particle size
2.2 Surface charge
2.3 Polydispersity index
3 Phase stability
3.1 Phase separation
3.2 Phase inversion
3.3 Coalescence
3.4 Flocculation
3.5 Sedimentation
3.6 Ostwald ripening
3.7 Polymorphism/Metastable polymorphs
4 Storage stability
5 How to overcome the instability problems in aerosols
6 Conclusion
Chapter 17. Translation of lipid based formulation for pulmonary drug delivery system: Clinical status
1 Introduction
1.1 Background and significance
1.1.1 Pulmonary delivery
1.1.2 LBFs
1.2 Objectives
2 LBFs for pulmonary drug delivery
2.1 Advantages and limitations of LBFS
2.1.1 Advantages
2.1.2 Disadvantages
2.2 Types of LBFS
3 Preclinical studies of LBFS for pulmonary drug delivery
3.1 Bench to bedside
3.2 Disease models
4 Clinical studies of LBFS for pulmonary drug delivery
4.1 Safety first
4.2 Efficacy in action
5 Future directions and challenges of LBFS for pulmonary drug delivery
5.1 Optimization of formulation parameters
5.2 Personalized medicine approaches
5.3 Regulatory considerations
5.4 Commercialization prospects
6 Conclusion
6.1 Summary of key points
6.2 Implications for practice and research
7 Research implications
Chapter 18. Regulatory aspects of lipid-based nanomedicine for pulmonary applications
1 Introduction
2 Key considerations
3 Regulatory stance on developing nanomedicines
4 Worldwide regulatory bodies
4.1 US
4.2 UK
4.3 EU
4.4 Australia
4.5 Canada
4.6 Japan
4.7 Others
5 Novel approved lipid based nanomedicine for pulmonary application
6 Challenges and future directions
7 Conclusion
Chapter 19. Lipid-based vaccines against viruses including COVID-19
1 Introduction
2 Types of lipids used in vaccine development
3 Lipid-based adjuvants and their role in enhancing vaccine efficacy
3.1 Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs)
3.2 Mechanism of action
3.3 Interaction between lipids and immune cells
3.3.1 Phagocytosis and identification of lipids
3.3.2 Inflammation and lipid signaling
3.3.3 Fluidity of cell membranes
3.3.4 Fat rafts
3.3.5 Lipid-based intermediaries
3.3.6 The recognition of immunity by lipid antigens
3.3.7 Lipid-based adjuvants' immunomodulatory effects
3.4 Benefits of vaccines based on lipids
4 Challenges and considerations
5 Case studies
6 Preclinical and clinical trials status
7 Future prospective and directions
8 Conclusion
Chapter 20. Lipid-based nanocarriers in management of cystic fibrosis: A pulmonary complication
1 Introduction
2 Pathophysiology/epidemiology and causes of cystic fibrosis
3 Lipid-based nanocarriers current drug delivery system
3.1 Liposomes lipid-based nanocarriers
3.2 Solid lipid nanoparticles
3.3 Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs)
3.4 Dendrimers
4 Current therapies carrier-based drug delivery in treatment of cystic fibrosis
4.1 Local delivery versus systematic delivery
4.2 Clinical outlook and therapeutic benefits of lipid carrier-based drug delivery in treatment of CF
4.3 Inhalation devices in delivering of lipid nanocarriers
4.3.1 Dry powder inhalers
4.3.2 Nebulizers
4.3.3 Metered dose inhalers
4.3.4 Soft mist inhalers
4.3.5 General evaluation techniques relating to inhalations devices
5 Conclusions and future remarks
Chapter 21. Pulmonary drug delivery of lipid-based formulations via nebulizers
1 Introduction
1.1 Nebulizers
1.1.1 Jet nebulizers (JNs)
1.1.2 Ultrasonic nebulizers (USN)
1.1.3 Vibrating mesh nebulizers (VMN)
1.2 Advantages and limitations of different nebulizers
1.3 Applications
2 Lipid-based nebulizers
2.1 Liposome
2.2 Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs)
2.3 Polymeric micelles
2.4 Nano-emulsions
3 Formulation development
3.1 Advantage of nebulizer as drug delivery approach
3.2 Properties of an ideal carrier of drug
3.3 Lipid selection
3.3.1 Type of lipid
3.3.2 Biocompatibility
3.3.3 Melting point
3.3.4 Drug-lipid compatibility
3.4 Surfactants
3.4.1 Stabilization
3.4.2 Wettability
3.4.3 Compatibility
3.5 Solvent and co-solvents or co-surfactants
3.5.1 Solubility enhancement
3.5.2 Stability
3.6 Particle size optimization
3.6.1 Respirable fraction
3.6.2 Nebulization efficiency
3.6.3 Aerodynamic properties
3.7 Stability
3.7.1 Oxidative stability
3.7.2 Chemical stability
3.8 Viscosity
3.9 Rheology
4 Nebulizer performance
4.1 Types of nebulizer
4.2 Types of lipid formulation
4.3 Impact of viscosity on nebulization performance
4.4 Impact of patient breathing pattern on nebulization performance
4.5 Nebulizer performance evaluation
5 Clinical applications
5.1 Efficacy and challenges
5.2 Targeted therapies
5.2.1 Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
5.2.2 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD)
5.2.3 Cystic fibrosis (CF)
5.2.4 Non–small-cell lung cancer
5.3 Enhancing patient outcomes
5.3.1 Improved drug delivery precision
5.3.2 Enhanced patient compliance
5.3.3 Reduced inflammation
5.3.4 Advancements in personalized medicine
5.4 Clinical evidence and patient testimonials
5.5 Safety and biocompatibility
5.6 Challenges and considerations
5.6.1 Formulation challenges in lipid-based drug nanoformulation
5.6.2 Overcoming mucosal barriers and pulmonary macrophages capture
5.6.3 Optimizing design parameters for effective inhalable delivery
5.6.4 Controlling carrier dimensions for safety and efficacy
6 Safety and regulatory considerations
6.1 Key safety considerations in formulation development
6.1.1 Particle size and distribution
6.1.2 Biocompatibility and toxicity
6.1.3 Stability and shelf-life
6.1.4 Lung inflammation
6.1.5 Systemic effects
6.1.6 Unique safety concerns
6.2 Comparative safety profiles of lipid-based nebulizers
6.2.1 Enhancing therapeutic index
6.2.2 Expanded drug delivery capability
6.2.3 Managing drugs with systemic effects
6.2.4 Specific safety concerns
6.3 Regulatory compliance for approval and marketing
6.3.1 Preclinical studies
6.3.2 Clinical trials
6.3.3 Registration and approval
6.3.4 Marketing and postmarketing surveillance
6.4 Safety considerations for specific patient populations
6.4.1 Pediatric, geriatric, and critically ill patients
6.4.2 Severe exacerbations or acute intensive Care
6.4.3 Lung cancer patients
6.4.4 COPD and asthma patients
6.5 Strategies for optimization and development
6.5.1 Quality by design (QbD) approach
6.5.2 Response surface methodology (RSM)
6.5.3 Nanostructured Lipid carriers (NLCs)
6.5.4 Microemulsion technique
6.5.5 Co-encapsulation strategy
6.5.6 Surface modification technique
7 Conclusion
Chapter 22. Lipid-based peptide and gene delivery to lungs
1 Introduction
2 Ideal characteristics of a lung-specific drug delivery system
3 Lipids as drug carrier
3.1 Phospholipids
3.2 Sphingolipids
3.3 Fatty acids
3.4 Sterols
3.5 Solid lipids
4 Applications of lipids in lungs specific peptide and gene delivery
4.1 Delivery of peptide drugs
4.2 Delivery of mRNA
4.3 Delivery of SiRNA
4.4 Delivery of DNA
5 Conclusion
Index

Md Faiyazuddin

Md Faiyazuddin stands out as a leading figure in pharmacy education and research, distinguished by his comprehensive background and contributions to the field. Renowned for his prolific contributions to the field, Dr. Faiyazuddin is an avid researcher, delving into various facets of formulation science. As the founder Dean R&D at Al – Karim University and a Professor of Pharmaceutics, he is at the forefront of health and drug delivery research. With 18 years of experience, Dr. Faiyazuddin is currently the founder Dean R&D and Professor of Pharmaceutics at Al – Karim University. Previously, he served as Dean and Professor at The R. C. University, Principal at Bihar College of Pharmacy, and held various academic and research positions at the University of Hail and Integral University. He is advising Nano Drug Delivery^® USA (A product development partnership company) for product development, optimization, and scale-up of Nanopharmaceutical. Holding a PhD in Pharmaceutics from Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India, Dr. Faiyazuddin specializes in pharmaceutical nanotechnology and earned an executive strategic leadership management degree at the Jacobs-Abbey Global Institute for Leadership Studies, Woodbridge, Virginia, USA. He has extensive research experience in pharmaceutical nanotechnology, advanced drug delivery, marine bioactive, and recently pharmaceutical AI and probiotics medicines. He is a visiting scientist and adjunct professor of reputed universities at the national as well as international level sharing outstanding ideas and cutting-edge technologies with laureates in health and the pharmaceutical sectors.

He serves as an editorial board member and reviewer for several high-impact international scientific journals published by Lancet, Cell press, Elsevier, ACS, Springer Nature, RSC, Taylor and Francis, Cambridge, and John Wiley. His scholarly contributions are substantial, with over 150 peer-reviewed articles published in top-tier journals such as ACS, Elsevier, and Wiley, alongside 9 patents, 12 books, and 62 book chapters. He has been recognized with 8 awards, including the DST Young Scientist Award (2012), Dr. P.D. Sethi Award (2010), and the Global Peace Building Award (2023). Additionally, he holds 7 fellowships, has chaired 15 editorial boards and conferences, and delivered over 50 invited conference presentations.

He has secured and effectively managed research grants from several prominent research and development agencies. These include SERB-DST, as well as international bodies such as DSR-UoH-KSA, NJ-KSA, KAUST, UiTM Malaysia, and SickKids Hospital in Canada. The total value of these grants exceeds Rs. 1.12 Million INR, underscoring his ability to attract and successfully execute high-profile research projects. His expertise in attracting and executing high-profile research projects is well demonstrated. Additionally, he has developed and implemented innovative educational tools and programs that address critical needs in diverse and underserved communities, advancing both scientific research and educational access.

Affiliations and expertise

Founder Dean R&D and Professor of Pharmaceutics, Al – Karim University, Bihar, India

Hasan Ali

Hasan Ali is presently working as an Associate Professor in the Department of Pharmacy at Meerut Institute of Technology in Meerut, India. With a wealth of experience in the field, he specializes in pharmacy and pharmaceutical nanotechnology. His expertise spans various aspects of pharmaceutical sciences, with a focus on the development and application of nanotechnology in drug delivery and therapeutic innovations. His work integrates cutting-edge research with practical applications, contributing significantly to advancements in the pharmaceutical industry.

Affiliations and expertise

Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacy, Meerut Institute of Technology, India

Md Akbar

Md Akbar holds a doctoral degree in Pharmaceutical Medicine from the School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research at Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India, and a postgraduate diploma in Drug Regulatory Affairs. With over a decade of diverse experience in the pharmaceutical industry and academia, Dr. Akbar has worked in Pharmaceutical Regulatory Affairs, Medical Writing, and Medical Communication at several esteemed pharmaceutical companies. Additionally, he has served as a faculty member at various universities. He is currently an Assistant Professor at the School of Pharmacy, Al – Karim University, Katihar, India.

Affiliations and expertise

Assistant Professor, School of Pharmacy, Al-Karim University, Katihar, India

Babar Iqbal

Babar Iqbal is currently working as a manager in the Formulation and Development department of Unicure India Ltd., Noida. Dr. Iqbal received his M. Pharm. in pharmaceutics from Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, and doctorate in pharmaceutics from the Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, India. During his M. Pharm. Degree, he availed of the merit based AICTE sponsored scholarship, and in his doctorate, he received a fellowship by Government of India. He brings extensive experience in formulation development and pharmaceutical nanotechnology to his role. His expertise encompasses various aspects of creating and refining pharmaceutical formulations, with a particular focus on integrating nanotechnology to enhance drug efficacy and delivery systems. With more than 10 years of industry and research experience, he has published several research and review articles in the peer-reviewed journals of international repute, and book chapters.

Affiliations and expertise

Manager, Formulation and Development, Unicure India Ltd, India

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health

Lipids in Pulmonary Drug Delivery

Purchase options

World Book Day Celebration!

Institutional subscription on ScienceDirect

Md Faiyazuddin

Hasan Ali

Md Akbar

Babar Iqbal

Related books