Lanzkowsky's Manual of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology

7th Edition - June 1, 2021
Editors: Jonathan D. Fish, Jeffrey M. Lipton, Philip Lanzkowsky
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 1 6 7 1 - 2
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 9 7 6 0 - 7
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 5 3 6 1 - 3

Lanzkowsky’s Manual of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Seventh Edition remains the go-to clinical manual for the treatment and management of childhood cancers and blood dis… Read more

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Lanzkowsky’s Manual of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Seventh Edition remains the go-to clinical manual for the treatment and management of childhood cancers and blood disorders. It is a comprehensive book on patient management, replete with algorithms and flow diagrams, and includes a new section on vascular anomalies. Reflecting the considerable advances in the treatment and management of hematologic and oncologic diseases in children, the seventh edition of this successful clinical manual is entirely updated to incorporate all current treatment protocols, new drugs, and management approaches. Its concise and easy-to-read format, again, enables readers to make accurate diagnoses and treatment decisions without having to reference larger medical textbooks.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Dedication
List of contributors
About the Editors
Philip Lanzkowsky Founding Author and Editor
Jonathan D. Fish Managing Editor
Jeffrey M. Lipton
Preface to the seventh edition
Preface to the sixth edition
Preface to the fifth edition
Preface to the fourth edition
Preface to the third edition
Preface to the second edition
Preface to the first edition
Introduction: Historic perspective (1955–2015)
Reflection on 60 years of progress in pediatric hematology/oncology
Chapter 1. Molecular and genomic methodologies for clinicians
Abstract
Clinical molecular and genomic methodologies: goals
Methods of genetic analysis
Interpretation of genetic variants obtained from next-generation sequencing
Applications of next-generation sequencing to oncology
Interpreting and evaluating the results from clinical genetic testing
Further reading and references
Chapter 2. Hematologic manifestations of systemic illness
Abstract
Alterations to red blood cells related to organ-specific pathologies
Alterations to white blood cells related to organ-specific pathologies
Alterations to platelets and coagulation related to organ-specific pathologies
General considerations for the hematologic sequelae of infection
Viral and bacterial illnesses associated with marked hematologic sequelae
Parasitic illnesses associated with marked hematologic sequelae
Hemolytic uremic syndrome
Autoimmune disease
Anemia of inflammation
Nutritional deficiencies and environmental exposures
Marrow infiltrative disorders
Further reading and references
Chapter 3. Classification and diagnosis of anemia in children and neonates
Abstract
Classification and diagnosis
Neonatal anemia
Further reading and references
Chapter 4. Nutritional anemias
Abstract
Overview
Iron-deficiency anemia
Megaloblastic anemia
Further reading and references
Chapter 5. Lymphadenopathy and diseases of the spleen
Abstract
Lymphadenopathy
Diseases of the spleen
Further reading and references
Chapter 6. Bone marrow failure
Abstract
Aplastic anemia
Inherited bone marrow failure syndromes
Further reading and references
Chapter 7. General considerations of hemolytic diseases, red cell membrane, and enzyme defects
Abstract
Clinical features of hemolytic disease
Laboratory findings
Membrane defects
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Enzyme defects
Further reading and references
Chapter 8. Extracorpuscular hemolytic anemia
Abstract
Immune hemolytic anemia
Nonimmune hemolytic anemia
Further reading and references
Chapter 9. Hemoglobinopathies
Abstract
Sickle cell disease
Sickle cell trait (heterozygous form, AS)
Hemoglobin C
Hemoglobin E
Unstable hemoglobins
Thalassemias
Further reading and references
Chapter 10. Primary and secondary erythrocytosis
Abstract
Erythrocytosis or polycythemia
Primary erythrocytosis
Secondary erythrocytosis
Diagnostic approach to erythrocytosis
Further reading and references
Chapter 11. Disorders of white blood cells
Abstract
Leukocytosis
Leukopenia
Neutrophil disorders
Monocytes disorders
Eosinophil disorders
Basophil disorders
Lymphocyte disorders
Dedication
Further reading and references
Chapter 12. Disorders of platelets
Abstract
Thrombocytopenia in the newborn
Inherited thrombocytopenias
Immune thrombocytopenic purpura
Other causes of thrombocytopenia
Thrombocytosis
Qualitative platelet disorders
Inherited vascular and connective tissue disorders
Nonthrombocytopenic purpura
Laboratory evaluation of platelets and platelet function
Further reading and references
Chapter 13. Disorders of coagulation
Abstract
Hemostatic disorders
Acquired coagulation factor disorders
Inherited coagulation factor disorders
Thrombotic disorders
Antithrombotic therapy
Further reading and references
Chapter 14. Vascular anomalies
Abstract
Introduction
Vascular tumors
Simple vascular malformations
Diagnostic work-up for vascular lesions
Management
Evaluation and monitoring of a vascular hepatic tumor
Vascular anomaly syndromes
Further reading and references
Chapter 15. Histiocytic disorders
Abstract
Introduction
Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Other histiocytic disorders
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (hemophagocytic syndromes)
Further reading and references
Chapter 16. Lymphoproliferative disorders
Abstract
Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia
Small lymphocytic infiltrates of the orbit and conjunctiva (ocular adnexal lymphoid proliferation, pseudolymphoma, benign lymphoma, atypical lymphocytic infiltrates)
Angiocentric immunolymphoproliferative disorders
Castleman disease (angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia, benign giant lymph node hyperplasia, angiomatous lymphoid hamartoma)
Epstein–Barr virus-associated Lymphoproliferative disorders in immunocompromised individuals
X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome
Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome
Lymphomatoid papulosis in children
Further reading and references
Chapter 17. Myelodysplastic syndromes and myeloproliferative disorders
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes
Myeloid proliferations in children with Down syndrome (DS)
Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia
Myeloproliferative neoplasms
Further reading and references
Chapter 18. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Abstract
Incidence of ALL
Etiology
Clinical features of ALL
Diagnosis
Classification
Cytogenetics and molecular genetics of ALL
Prognostic factors
Treatment
Infant leukemia
Philadelphia-positive ALL
Ph-like ALL
Down syndrome and ALL
Relapse in children with ALL
Immunotherapy for ALL
Central nervous system relapse
Long-term effects of ALL therapy
Future drugs in ALL therapy
Further reading and references
Chapter 19. Acute myeloid leukemia
Abstract
Incidence and epidemiology
Etiology and predisposing conditions
Clinical features
Diagnostic and monitoring studies
Classification of AML
Supportive care
The treatment of newly diagnosed AML
Prognosis of newly diagnosed AML
Relapsed and refractory AML
Novel therapeutic approaches
Acute promyelocytic leukemia
AML special subgroups
Further reading and references
Chapter 20. Hodgkin lymphoma
Abstract
Etiology and epidemiology
Risk factors
Biology
Pathology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostic evaluation and staging
Prognostic factors
Treatment
Follow-up evaluations
Further reading and references
Web resources
Chapter 21. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Abstract
Introduction
Incidence and epidemiology
Pathologic classification
Clinical features
Diagnosis
Staging
Prognosis
Management
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Subtypes
Further reading and references
Chapter 22. Central nervous system tumors
Abstract
Pathology
Clinical manifestations
Diagnostic evaluation
Treatment
Specific CNS tumors
Genetic syndromes related to brain tumors
Further reading and references
Chapter 23. Neuroblastoma
Abstract
Epidemiology
Predisposition
Pathology and biology
Clinical features
Diagnosis and staging
Treatment modalities
Prognosis, risk stratification, and therapy
Neuroblastoma in the adolescent and young adult
Further reading and references
Chapter 24. Renal tumors
Abstract
Wilms tumor
Nephroblastomatosis
Congenital mesoblastic nephroma
Clear cell sarcoma of the kidney
Rhabdoid tumor of the kidney
Renal cell carcinoma
Further reading and references
Chapter 25. Rhabdomyosarcoma and other soft-tissue sarcomas
Abstract
Incidence and epidemiology
Pathologic and genetic classification
Clinical features
Diagnostic evaluation
Staging
Prognosis
Treatment
Follow-up after completion of therapy
Recurrent disease
Future perspectives
Further reading and references
Chapter 26. Malignant bone tumors
Abstract
Osteosarcoma
Ewing sarcoma family of tumors
Other bone tumors
Further reading and references
Chapter 27. Retinoblastoma
Abstract
Incidence
Classification
Risk for second malignant neoplasms
Pathology
Clinical features
Differential diagnosis
Patterns of spread
Diagnostic procedures
Classification
Treatment
Treatment of intraocular RB
Treatment of recurrent RB
Treatment of extraocular RB
Posttreatment management
Further reading and references
Chapter 28. Extracranial germ cell tumors
Abstract
Epidemiology
Biology
Histology
Molecular characteristics
Clinical features
Diagnostic evaluation
Staging and risk stratification
Treatment
Risk-stratified therapeutic approaches
Relapsed and resistant germ cell tumors
Further reading and references
Chapter 29. Hepatic tumors
Abstract
Incidence
Epidemiology
Pathology
Clinical features
Diagnostic evaluation
Staging and risk stratification
Treatment
Further reading and references
Chapter 30. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and cellular therapy
Abstract
Allogeneic stem cell transplantation
HSC sources, collection, and manipulation
Graft manipulation postcollection
Medical evaluation of HSC donors
Pretransplantation preparative regimens (conditioning)
Engraftment
Complications of HSCT
Recent advances in HSCT
Outcomes
Further reading and references
Chapter 31. Management of oncologic emergencies
Abstract
Metabolic emergencies
Cardiothoracic emergencies
Abdominal emergencies
Renal emergencies
Neurologic emergencies
Endocrine emergencies
Treatment-associated emergencies
Further reading and references
Chapter 32. Supportive care of patients with cancer
Abstract
Management of infectious complications
Recognition and management of nausea and vomiting
Mucositis
Pain management
Nutritional status of the oncology patient
Utilization of hematopoietic growth factors
Management of acute radiation side effects
Management of CVCs
Posttreatment immunizations
Palliative care
Further reading and references
Chapter 33. Evaluation, investigations, and management of late effects of childhood cancer
Abstract
Models of survivorship care
Interventions and screening guidelines
Organ system–specific late effects
Future considerations
Further reading and references
Chapter 34. Psychosocial factors impacting children with cancer and their families
Abstract
Time of diagnosis
Treatment initiation
Illness stabilization
During relapses and recurrences
Treatment outcomes: the unsuccessful course
Treatment outcomes: the successful course
Conclusion
Further reading and references
Chapter 35. Pediatric blood banking principles and transfusion medicine practices
Abstract
Introduction
Immunohematology
Donor recruitment and testing
Blood collection and processing
Blood products
Blood component modification and administration
Transfusion reactions
Special populations
Therapeutic apheresis
Patient blood management
Further reading and references
Appendix 1. Hematological reference values
Fetal and cord blood hematologic value
Red cell values and related serum values
White cell values
Platelet values
Coagulation values
Bone marrow cells
Index

Jonathan D. Fish

Jonathan D. Fish, MD is Assistant Professor of Pediatrics at the Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine. He is Director of the Survivors Facing Forward Program, a long-term follow-up program for survivors of childhood cancer, in the division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation at the Steven and Alexandra Cohen Children’s Medical Center of New York. He holds a B.A., with distinction, from the University of Western Ontario and received his M.D. degree, magna cum laude, from the Upstate Medical Center of the State University of New York. He did his Pediatric training at the the Schneider Children’s Hospital, New Hyde Park, NY ( Presently known as the Steven and Alexandra Children’s Medical Center of New York) and completed his Pediatric Hematology-Oncology fellowship training at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia. Dr. Fish received the American Society of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Young Investigator Award in 2008. His clinical and research interest is on the late effects of childhood cancer treatment and survivorship care.

Affiliations and expertise

Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA

Jeffrey M. Lipton

Jeffrey M. Lipton, MD, PhD is the Chief of Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation at the Steven and Alexandra Cohen Children’s Medical Center of New York and Center Head, Patient Oriented Research, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research. He is Professor, Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research and Professor of Pediatrics and Molecular Medicine at the Hofstra North Shore – LIJ School of Medicine. He holds a B.A. from Queens College, City University of New York, a Ph.D in Chemistry from Syracuse University and an M.D. degree, magna cum laude, from Saint Louis University Medical School. He did his Pediatric residency training at the Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA and his Pediatric Hematology/Oncology fellowship training at the Children’s Hospital and the Sidney Farber Cancer Institute (now DFCI) in Boston. Dr. Lipton is a Past-President of the American Society of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (ASPHO). His main interest is bone marrow failure.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor of Pediatrics and Molecular Medicine, Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA

Philip Lanzkowsky

Dr. Philip Lanzkowsky was born in Cape Town on March 17, 1932 and graduated high school from the South African College and obtained his MB ChB degree from the University of Cape Town School of Medicine in 1954 and his Doctorate degree in 1959 for his thesis on Iron Deficiency Anemia In Children. He completed a pediatric residency at the Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital in Cape Town in 1960. After working in Pediatrics at the University of Edinburgh and at St Mary’s Hospital of the University of London, Dr. Lanzkowsky did a pediatric Hematology-Oncology fellowship at Duke University School of Medicine and at the University of Utah. In 1963 he was appointed Consultant Pediatrician and Pediatric Hematologist to the Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital at the University of Cape Town and introduced Pediatric Hematology and Oncology as a distinct discipline. In 1965 he was appointed Director of Pediatric Hematology and Associate Professor of Pediatrics at the New York Hospital-Cornell University School of Medicine. In 1970 he was appointed Professor of Pediatrics and Chairman of Pediatrics at Long Island Jewish Medical Center and established a division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology which he directed until 2000. He was the founder of the Schneider Children’s Hospital, which he developed, planned, and was the hospital’s Executive Director and Chief of Staff from its inception in 1983 until 2010. Dr. Lanzkowsky has received numerous honors and awards and has lectured extensively at various institutions and medical schools in the United States and around the world. In addition to having been the author of five editions of the Manual of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology used by clinicians worldwide, he is the author of How It All Began: The History of a Children’s Hospital and over 280 scientific papers, abstracts, monographs, and book chapters. Dr. Lanzkowsky’s medical writings have been prodigious. His seminal contributions to the medical literature have included the first description of the relationship of pica to iron-deficiency anemia (Arch. Dis Child., 1959), Effects of timing of clamping of umbilical cord on infant’s hemoglobin level (Br. Med. J., 1960), Normal oral D-xylose test values in children (New Engl. J. Med., 1963), Normal coagulation factors in women in labor and in the newborn (Thromboses at Diath. Hemorr., 1966), Erythrocyte abnormalities induced by malnutrition (Br. J. Haemat., 1967), Radiologic features in iron deficiency anemia (Am. J. Dis. Child., 1968), Isolated defect of folic acid absorption associated with mental retardation (Blood, 1969; Am. J. Med, 1970), Disaccharidase levels in iron deficiency (J. Pediat., 1981) and Hexokinase “New Hyde Park” in a Chinese kindred (Am. J. Hematol., 1981).

Affiliations and expertise

North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System, Consultant, Steven and Alexandra Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York, Professor of Pediatrics, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA

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Lanzkowsky's Manual of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology

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Jonathan D. Fish

Jeffrey M. Lipton

Philip Lanzkowsky