Kidney Transplantation
Principles and Practice
- 9th Edition - November 27, 2024
- Imprint: Elsevier
- Editors: Stuart J. Knechtle, Lorna P. Marson
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 1 3 2 9 - 1
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 3 5 2 0 5 - 8
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 1 4 2 5 - 0
A must-have resource for all members of the transplant team, Kidney Transplantation: Principles and Practice, 9th Edition, provides comprehensive, up-to-date information o… Read more
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Request a sales quoteA must-have resource for all members of the transplant team, Kidney Transplantation: Principles and Practice, 9th Edition, provides comprehensive, up-to-date information on every aspect of this complex field. Drs. Stuart J. Knechtle and Lorna P. Marson, along with a global team of internationally renowned surgeons and nephrologists, offer balanced coverage of both surgical techniques and medical considerations related to kidney transplantation. With updates from cover to cover, this core reference delivers the practical guidance you need to achieve optimal outcomes in both adults and children.
- Offers state-of-the-art coverage of all areas of kidney transplantation such as preservation of kidneys; mechanisms of rejection and the induction of tolerance; techniques of laparoscopic live donor nephrectomy; and immunosuppression
- Contains up-to-date outcomes data and analysis of the evidence supporting current practice in the field
- Includes new chapters on xenotransplantation and COVID-19 in renal transplantation
- Adds new information on normothermic regional perfusion to the discussion of DCD organ donation and ethics of transplantation, and new information on iBox (the first universal algorithm for predicting the risk of kidney transplant loss) to the biomarkers section
- Provides relevant, up-to-date information on kidney transplant for all members of the transplant team, with practical information on applied science, clinical information, and surgical procedures
- Features intraoperative videos and hundreds of superb illustrations to help readers visualize key concepts and nuances of renal transplantation
- Covers each major immunosuppressive drug in individual chapters, and provides a reference list of all randomized trials for convenient access to critical information
- An eBook version is included with purchase. The eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures and references, with the ability to search, customize your content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud. Additional digital ancillary content may publish up to 6 weeks following the publication date
Transplant surgeons in training and in practice
- Instructions for Online Access
- Title of Book
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Any screen, Any time, Anywhere
- Copyright
- Preface
- Video Contents
- Chapter 2
- Chapter 5
- Chapter 6
- Chapter 8
- Chapter 17
- Chapter 36
- Chapter 43
- Contributors
- 1. Kidney Transplantation: A History
- Abstract
- Chapter Outline
- Early Experiments
- Human Kidney Transplants
- The Middle Years
- Post–World War II
- Immunosuppression and the Modern Era
- Chemical Immunosuppression
- A Time of Optimism
- Tissue Typing
- The 1970s Plateau
- Waiting for the Xenografts
- Conclusion
- References
- 2. The Immunology of Transplantation
- Abstract
- Chapter Outline
- Introduction
- Activation of the Immune System Peri-Transplant
- Stimulation of Adaptive Alloimmunity
- T Cell–Mediated Rejection
- B-Cell Activation and Antibody-Mediated Rejection
- Transplant Tolerance
- Conclusion
- References
- 3. Chronic Kidney Failure: Renal Replacement Therapy
- Abstract
- Chapter Outline
- Introduction
- Definition and Referral Timing
- Prevalence and Incidence
- Etiology
- Treatment of CKD5
- Choice and Planning for the Individual Patient
- Dialysis Posttransplant
- Return to Dialysis after Transplant Failure
- Renal Replacement Therapy Modality and Survival
- Quality of Life
- References
- 4. The Recipient of a Renal Transplant
- Abstract
- Chapter Outline
- The Patient With Chronic Kidney Disease
- General Concepts
- Counseling
- Specific Medical Considerations
- Preparation for Transplantation
- References
- 5. Access for Renal Replacement Therapy
- Abstract
- Chapter Outline
- Introduction
- Fistulas and Synthetic Grafts
- Peritoneal Dialysis
- Conclusion
- References
- 6. Brain Death and Cardiac Death: Donor Criteria and Care of Deceased Donor
- Abstract
- Chapter Outline
- Introduction
- Death by Neurologic Criteria (Brain Death)
- Death by Cardiopulmonary Criteria (Circulatory Death)
- Donor Management
- Other Topics in Donor Management
- Conclusion
- References
- 7. Medical Evaluation of the Living Donor
- Abstract
- Chapter Outline
- History of Living Donation and Donor-related Ethics
- The Rationale for Living Donation
- Medical Evaluation
- Surgical Evaluation
- Long-Term Outcomes After Living Donation
- Financial Considerations
- Living-Donor Quality Initiatives
- References
- 8. Donor Nephrectomy
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Deceased Donor Nephrectomy
- Donation After Brain Death
- Donation After Cardiac Death
- Normothermic Regional Perfusion
- Living Donor Nephrectomy
- Anesthetic Management
- Open Donor Nephrectomy
- Laparoscopic Donor Nephrectomy
- Right Donor Nephrectomy
- Single-Port Donor Nephrectomy
- Robotic Donor Nephrectomy
- Complications
- Summary
- Acknowledgment
- References
- 9. Kidney Preservation
- Abstract
- Chapter Outline
- Introduction
- Organ Damage After Death
- Cold Storage
- Hypothermic Machine Perfusion
- Normothermic machine perfusion
- Normothermic regional perfusion
- Conclusion
- References
- 10. Histocompatability in Kidney Transplantation
- Abstract
- Chapter Outline
- Historical Background
- The Human Leukocyte Antigen System
- Human Leukocyte Antigen Matching
- Human Leukocyte Antigen–Specific Allosensitization
- Donor Crossmatching
- Immunologic Risk Stratification
- Non–Human Leukocyte Antigen Antibodies
- Strategies for Transplanting Sensitized and Highly Sensitized Patients
- Posttransplant Monitoring
- Concluding Remarks
- References
- 11. Surgical Techniques of Kidney Transplantation
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Preparation of Recipient
- Preparation of the Kidney
- Site
- Incision
- Preparation of Operative Bed
- Revascularization
- Reconstruction of the Urinary Tract
- Closure
- Pediatric Recipient
- Pediatric Donor
- Double Kidney Transplant
- Transplant Nephrectomy
- Laparoscopic and Robotic Transplant
- References
- 12. Urological Complications After Kidney Transplant and Transplantation Into an Abnormal Bladder
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Select Urological Complications After Kidney Transplant
- Transplantation and the Abnormal Bladder
- Assessment of Lower Urinary Tract Function and Pretransplant Workup
- Special Pretransplant Issues
- Posttransplant Issues
- Results of Renal Transplantation Into Reconstructed and Abnormal Bladders
- Special Considerations for the Transplant Surgeon
- Conclusion
- References
- 13. Perioperative Care of Patients Undergoing Kidney Transplantation
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Comorbidities in End-Stage Renal Disease
- Preoperative Considerations
- Intraoperative Considerations
- Postoperative Care
- Anesthesia for Patients After Kidney Transplantation
- Kidney-Pancreas Transplantation
- References
- 14. Early Course of the Patient With a Kidney Transplant
- NON-PRINT ITEMAbstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Overview
- Surgical Complications
- Rejection During the Early Postoperative Period
- Medical Complications
- Summary
- References
- 15. Azathioprine and Mycophenolates
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Introduction
- History
- Mechanism of Action
- Clinical Pharmacology and Blood Monitoring
- Clinical Toxicities of Mycophenolates
- Combination Therapy Utilizing MMF or Azathioprine in Kidney Transplantation
- Use of Mycophenolates to Minimize or Avoid Other Immunosuppressants
- Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
- Acknowledgment
- References
- 16. Steroids
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Introduction
- Mechanism of Action
- Steroid Resistance
- Dosage
- Treatment of Acute Rejection
- Side Effects
- Steroid Withdrawal and Avoidance
- Conclusions
- References
- 17. Calcineurin Inhibitors
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Introduction
- Cyclosporine
- Tacrolimus
- Mechanism of Action
- Pharmacokinetic Properties
- Pharmacogenetics
- Absorption and Distribution
- Metabolism and Elimination
- Special Patient Populations
- Clinical Studies in Kidney Transplantation
- Clinical Studies in Kidney-Pancreas Transplantation
- Side Effects and Tolerability of Calcineurin Inhibitors
- Conclusions
- References
- 18. mTOR Inhibitors: Sirolimus and Everolimus
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Discovery
- Mechanism of Action
- Pharmacokinetics
- Therapeutic Blood Monitoring
- Pharmacogenetics
- Drug Interactions
- Use of mTOR Inhibitors
- mTOR Inhibitors and Malignancy
- Safety and Side Effects of mTOR Inhibitors
- Summary and Conclusions
- References
- 19. Antilymphocyte Globulin, Monoclonal Antibodies, and Fusion Proteins
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Introduction
- Historical Perspective
- Antibody Structure and Function
- Fusion Protein Structure and Function
- General Clinical Considerations for the Use of Antibody and Fusion Protein Preparations
- Polyclonal Antibody Preparations
- Specific Clinical Applications of Polyclonal Antibody Preparations
- Monoclonal Antibody and Fusion Protein Preparations
- Monoclonal Antibodies and Fusion Proteins in Clinical Transplantation Practice
- Monoclonal Antibodies and Fusion Proteins in Clinical Transplantation Investigation
- Conclusions
- References
- 20. Other Forms of Immunosuppression
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Small Molecules
- Total Lymphoid Irradiation
- Photopheresis
- Splenectomy
- Plasmapheresis
- References
- 21. Approaches to the Induction of Tolerance
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Introduction
- Understanding the Immunologic Mechanisms Behind Tolerance Induction
- Strategies With the Potential to Induce Immunologic Tolerance to an Allograft
- Leukocyte Depletion at the Time of Transplantation
- Cell Therapy
- The Future of Tolerance in Kidney Transplantation
- References
- 22. Transplantation in the Sensitized Recipient and Across ABO Blood Groups
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- What Is Sensitization and How Is It Measured?
- Clinical Approaches to Sensitized Patients
- Rejection and Immunologic Risk
- Mechanistic View of Antibody Production and Injury
- ABO-Incompatible Transplantation
- Conclusion
- References
- 23. Paired Exchange Programs for Living Donors
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Introduction
- Matching Process
- Match-Rank Selection and Exhaustive Search
- Integer Programming
- Additional Matching Challenges
- Expanding the Donor-Recipient Pool
- Nondirected and Bridge Donors
- Inclusion of Compatible Pairs and Deceased Donors
- Advanced Donations and International Exchange Programs
- Additional Logistical, Legal, and Ethical Considerations
- References
- 24. Kidney Allocation
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Introduction
- Histocompatibility
- Donor Kidney Longevity and Risk Indices
- Recipient Factors
- Fast Track or Rescue Allocation
- Multiorgan Offering
- Other Considerations
- Local Versus Regional/National/International Allocation
- Development of Kidney Allocation Schemes
- Monitoring of Offering Schemes
- References
- 25. Pathology of Kidney Transplantation
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Abbreviations [selected]
- Kidney Allograft Biopsy
- Donor Kidney Biopsy
- Hyperacute Rejection
- Acute Kidney Allograft Rejection
- Late Graft Diseases
- Protocol Biopsies
- Acute Tubular Necrosis
- Calcineurin Inhibitor Nephrotoxicity
- Target of Rapamycin Inhibitor Toxicity
- Drug-Induced Acute Tubulointerstitial Nephritis
- Infections
- Major Kidney Vascular Disease
- De Novo Glomerular Disease
- Recurrent Kidney Disease
- Posttransplant Malignancy and Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disease/Lymphoid Proliferations and Lymphomas Associated With Immune Deficiency and Dysregulation
- Future Directions in Biopsy Assessment
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 26. Biomarkers for Posttransplant Allograft Monitoring
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Introduction and General Considerations
- Antigen-Specific Biomarkers
- Tissue Injury Biomarkers
- Inflammation Biomarkers
- Net State of Immunosuppression Biomarkers
- “Omics” Biomarkers
- Summary and Future Direction
- References
- 27. Chronic Allograft Failure
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Introduction
- Pathophysiology and Mechanistic Theories of Chronic Allograft Injury
- Time Course of Allograft Damage
- Diagnostic Considerations in Failing Kidney Allograft
- Treatment of a Failing Kidney Allograft
- Summary
- References
- 28. Vascular and Lymphatic Complications After Kidney Transplantation
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Introduction
- Technical Complications and Their Prevention
- HEMATOMA
- Vascular Thrombosis and Thrombophilia
- Torsion
- Vascular Access Thrombosis
- Deep Vein Thrombosis
- Vascular Causes of Ureteric Complications
- Mycotic Aneurysm
- Biopsy-Related Vascular Complications
- Transplant Renal Artery Stenosis
- LYMPHOCELE
- CONCLUSIONS
- References
- 29. Cardiovascular Disease in Renal Transplantation
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Introduction
- Background: Cardiovascular Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease
- Epidemiology of Posttransplant Cardiovascular Disease
- Novel and Transplant-Specific Risk Factors
- Specific Risk Factors and Management
- Hypertension and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
- Vascular Stiffness and Calcification
- Dyslipidemia
- Renal Function
- Smoking
- Diabetes Mellitus
- Obesity and the Metabolic Syndrome
- Other Risk Factors and Interventions
- Screening
- Intervention and Secondary Prevention
- Other Cardiovascular Conditions
- Effect of Arteriovenous Fistula on Cardiovascular Risk
- Predicting Cardiovascular Risk
- Trial End Points
- Conclusion
- References
- 30. Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Overview
- Risk of Infection
- Timeline of Infection
- Assessment of Infectious Diseases in Recipients and Potential Donors Before Transplantation
- Selected Infections of Importance
- Conclusions
- References
- 31. Transplantation in a Pandemic: Lessons Learned From COVID-19
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Introduction
- COVID-19 and Impact on Organ Donation and Transplant Activity
- Pandemic Outcomes for Kidney Transplant Recipients
- Management of Kidney Transplant Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic
- Planning and Preparedness for Future Pandemics
- References
- 32. Liver Disease Among Renal Transplant Recipients
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Overview of Incidence and Clinicopathological Associations
- Combined Liver and Kidney Diseases
- Specific Immunosuppressive Agents in Renal Transplantation and Hepatotoxicity
- Hepatitis Viruses Associated With Renal Transplantation
- Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Renal Transplant
- Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Renal Transplantation
- Systemic Infections Resulting in Hepatitis and Liver Disease
- References
- 33. Neurological Complications After Kidney Transplantation
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Neurological Complications of Chronic Kidney Disease
- Neurological Complications After Kidney Transplantation
- Summary
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 34. Cutaneous Disease in Kidney Transplantation Patients
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Introduction
- Cutaneous Malignancy in Renal Transplant Patients
- Immunosuppressive Drug Considerations
- Conclusion on Cutaneous Malignancy in OTRs
- Immunosuppressive Drug Cutaneous Side Effects
- Premalignant and Benign Cutaneous Tumors in Renal Transplant Patients
- Infections and Inflammatory Cutaneous Findings in Organ Transplant Recipients
- Common Inflammatory Disorders
- Conclusion
- References
- 35. Cancer in Kidney Failure and Kidney Transplantation
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Cancer in People With Kidney Failure
- Cancer in Kidney Transplant Recipients
- Conclusions
- References
- 36. Pancreas and Kidney Transplantation for Diabetic Nephropathy
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- History of Pancreas Transplantation
- Recent Trends in Pancreas Transplantation
- Indications and Patient Selection
- Donor Selection and Management
- Surgical Procedure
- Postoperative Management of Common Complications
- Surgical, Medical, and Urologic Complications
- Induction and Maintenance Immunosuppression
- Rejection Rates, Diagnosis, and Management
- Pancreas Transplant Outcomes
- Beneficial Effects of Pancreas Transplantation on Glycemic Control, Quality of Life, and Secondary Complications
- Summary
- References
- 37. Kidney Transplantation in Children
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Introduction
- Epidemiology of End-Stage Kidney Disease in Children
- Access to Transplantation
- Timing of Transplantation
- Patient and Graft Survival
- Contraindications to Transplantation
- Recurrence of Original Disease
- Pretransplant Evaluation
- Perioperative Management of Pediatric Renal Transplant Recipients
- Immunosuppressive Protocols and Drugs
- Acute Rejection in Pediatric Transplantation
- Long-Term Management Posttransplant
- References
- 38. Advancing Kidney Transplantation in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Challenges and Strategies
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Introduction: The Role of Organ Transplantation in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
- The Need for Kidney Transplantation
- Minimum Requirements to Perform Transplantation
- Moving Ahead: Future Perspectives and Strategies
- References
- 39. Results of Kidney Transplantation
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Introduction
- Renal Failure Treatments—Dialysis Versus Transplantation
- Kidney Donation
- Factors Influencing Outcomes of Transplantation
- Graft Survival
- Cancer Risk
- Pregnancy After Kidney Transplantation
- Kidney Transplantation in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Positive Patients
- Prevalence of People Living With a Functioning Kidney Transplant
- Rehospitalization
- Long-Term Outcomes of Kidney Transplantation
- COVID-19-Era Transplantation
- Quality of Life
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgment
- References
- 40. Psychosocial Aspects of Kidney Transplantation and Living Kidney Donation
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Introduction
- Pretransplant Dialysis
- Kidney Transplantation
- Living Kidney Donation
- Conclusion
- References
- 41. Ethical and Legal Aspects of Kidney Donation
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Definitions
- Introduction
- Deceased Donor Organ Allocation
- Expansion and Encouragement of Living Kidney Donation
- Commercialization of Organs
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 42. Xenotransplantation
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Introduction
- A Brief History of Clinical Xenotransplantation
- Selection of Animal Source
- Immunologic Barriers to Xenotransplantation
- Genetic Modification of Source Animals
- Immunosuppression for Xenotransplantation
- Preclinical Outcomes of Kidney Xenotransplantation
- Zoonotic Infection
- Ethical Issues in Xenotransplantation
- Transition to Clinical Trials and Conclusions
- References
- 43. Evidence in Transplantation
- Abstract
- CHAPTER OUTLINE
- Introduction
- Levels of Evidence
- Searching the Literature
- Randomized Controlled Trials
- Nonrandomized and Observational Studies
- Systematic Reviews
- Meta-Analysis
- Biomedical/Industrial Sponsorship
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgment
- References
- Index
- Confidence is ClinicalKey
- Edition: 9
- Published: November 27, 2024
- Imprint: Elsevier
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN: 9780443113291
- eBook ISBN: 9780443352058
- eBook ISBN: 9780443114250
SK
Stuart J. Knechtle
Stuart Knechtle, M.D. is the William R. Kenan, Jr. Professor of Surgery and Executive Director of the Duke Transplant Center. He trained in surgery at Duke and in transplant surgery at the University of Wisconsin, Madison where he was appointed as the first Ray D. Owen Professor of Transplantation. He moved to Emory University in 2008 as the Carlos and Marguerite Mason Professor of Liver Transplantation. In 2015 he returned to Duke to establish the Duke Transplant Center and serve as its Executive Director. He holds the William R. Kenan, Jr. Chair in Surgery at Duke. His clinical practice includes kidney, pancreas, and liver transplantation. He directs translational research in transplant immunology and currently serves as Principal Investigator of two NIH-funded clinical trials addressing the challenges of antibody-mediated injury of kidney transplants. He has published over 400 peer reviewed papers, over 60 book chapters, edited four textbooks, and serves on several editorial boards including Annals of Surgery.
Affiliations and expertise
William R. Kenan, Jr. Professor of Surgery; Executive Director, Duke Transplant Center; Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North CarolinaLM
Lorna P. Marson
Lorna Marson is Professor of Transplant Surgery at the University of Edinburgh, and Honorary Consultant Surgeon at the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh. Lorna held a Clinician Scientist Award from the Academy of Medical Sciences/ Health Foundation from 2003-2008, and continues to work in clinically relevant research in renal transplantation, with translation of a novel agent from bench to bedside. Lorna is Past President of the British Transplantation Society, elected Board member of the European Kidney Transplant Association, and Co-Director of the UK Organ Donation and Transplantation Research Network. She is Associate Medical Director for Research and Development, Organ and Tissues Donation and Transplantation, NHS Blood and Transplant.
Affiliations and expertise
Professor of Transplant Surgery, University of Edinburgh; Honorary Consultant Transplant Surgeon, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, United Kingdom