Ionotropic Cross-Linking of Biopolymers

Applications in Drug Delivery

1st Edition - April 15, 2024
Imprint: Elsevier
Editors: Amit Kumar Nayak, Md Saquib Hasnain
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 6 1 1 6 - 5
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 9 6 7 0 - 9

Ionotropic Cross-Linking of Biopolymers: Applications in Drug Delivery provides in-depth insights and presents the latest advances in ionotropic cross-linked biopolymeric system… Read more

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Ionotropic Cross-Linking of Biopolymers: Applications in Drug Delivery provides in-depth insights and presents the latest advances in ionotropic cross-linked biopolymeric systems for drug delivery and related applications. Sections introduce the fundamentals of ionotropic cross-linking of biopolymers, including mechanisms, chemistry, cross-linking methods and gelation. Additional content delves into ionotropically cross-linked biopolymers based on a range of sources, including alginate, pectinate, carboxymethyl cellulose, gellan gum, chitosan, carboxymethylated gums, plant polysaccharide blends, and synthetic polymer blends. This is followed by a section focusing on ionotropically cross-linked biopolymeric systems, such as polymeric nanoparticles, microparticles, beads, and reinforced matrices.

The last part of the book explores specific advanced drug delivery applications, before considering future opportunities and challenges in the field. This is a valuable resource for researchers and advanced students across polymer science, biomaterials, biomedicine, pharmaceutics, biotechnology, and chemistry, as well as scientists and R&D personnel working in pharmacy, drug delivery, and materials for biomedicine.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
List of contributors
Section 1: Introduction and fundamentals
1. Ionotropic cross-linking of biopolymers: basics and mechanisms
Abstract
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Ionotropic gelation technique
1.3 Counter-ions (ionic cross-linkers) for ionotropic gelation
1.4 Some common ionic biopolymers and their ionotropic gelations
1.5 Formation of polyelectrolyte complexes via ionotropic gelations
1.6 Ionotropically gelled biopolymeric systems in drug delivery
1.7 Conclusion
References
2. Fundamentals and applications of ionic biopolymers
Abstract
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Properties and advantages of ionic biopolymers
2.3 Challenges and limitations of ionic biopolymers
2.4 Preparation of Ionic Biopolymers
2.5 Incorporation of pharmaceutical ingredients into biopolymer-based drug-delivery systems using ionic liquids
2.6 Strategies for assimilating pharmaceutical ingredients into biopolymer-based drug-delivery systems using ionic liquids
2.7 Electrospinning of biopolymer composites using ionic liquids
2.8 Enzyme-catalyzed processes in ionic liquids for biopolymer modification
References
3. Ionotropic cross-linking methods for different types of biopolymeric hydrogels
Abstract
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Preparation of hydrogels
3.3 Conclusion
References
4. Ionotropic gelation in advanced drug delivery
Abstract
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Biopolysaccharides
4.3 Industrial applications of biopolysaccharides
4.4 Biomaterials-based hydrogels
4.5 Hydrogels based on biopolysaccharides and its potential application in drugs delivery
4.6 Conclusion
References
Section 2: Ionotropically cross-linked biopolymers
5. Utilizing alginate-based delivery systems for anticancer therapeutics
Abstract
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Alginate delivery systems
5.3 Conclusion
References
6. Ionotropically crosslinked pectinate-based systems for drug delivery
Abstract
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Pectin
6.3 Applications of pectinate in drug delivery systems
6.4 Current challenges and future prospects
References
7. Ionotropically cross-linked Gellan gum-based matrices in drug delivery
Abstract
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Gellan gum
7.3 Ionotropically cross-linked Gellan gum
7.4 Conclusion
References
8. Ionotropically cross-linked chitosan-based drug delivery systems
Abstract
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Microstructure drug delivery systems
8.3 Nanostructure drug delivery systems
8.4 Hydrogel-based drug delivery systems
8.5 Future and challenge
References
9. Ionotropical cross-linked carboxymethylated gums-based systems in drug delivery
Abstract
Abbreviations
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Carboxymethylated gums
9.3 Sources, structures, and properties
9.4 Carboxymethylation
9.5 The impact of carboxymethylation on the physiochemical characteristics of the gum
9.6 Ionic cross-linking
9.7 Mechanism of cross-linking
9.8 Factors influencing the density of ionic cross-linking
9.9 Ionotropical cross-linked carboxymethylated gums-based systems in drug delivery
9.10 Conclusion
References
10. Starches-blended ionotropically cross-linked biopolymeric matrices for sustained drug release
Abstract
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Ionotropic gelation of starch
10.3 Drug delivery applications
10.4 Other applications
10.5 Future remarks and conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Section 3: Ionotropically cross-linked biopolymeric systems
11. Ionotropically cross-linked polymeric nanoparticles for drug delivery
Abstract
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Cross-linking technique for polymeric nanodrug delivery systems
11.3 Ionotropic cross-linking technique
11.4 Applications
11.5 Conclusion
References
12. Ionotropically cross-linked polymeric microparticles for drug delivery
Abstract
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Polymers in ionotropic gelation for drug delivery
12.3 Methods of ionotropic gelation
12.4 Specific drug delivery applications of ionotropic-gelated microparticles
12.5 Evaluation of microparticles prepared by ionotropic gelation
12.6 Conclusion
Conflict of interest
References
13. Ionotropic cross-linked polymeric beads for drug delivery and in vitro applications
Abstract
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Ionotropic polymers: basic mechanisms and processing techniques
13.3 Classification of ionotropic biopolymers
13.4 Applications
Acknowledgments
References
14. Clay-reinforced ionotropically cross-linked biopolymeric matrices for drug release
Abstract
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Nanoclays: molecular structure, properties, and general applications
14.3 Nanoclays in biomedical sciences
14.4 Nanoclays in ionotropically cross-linked biopolyelectrolyte systems
14.5 Conclusions and future perspective
References
15. Ionotropically cross-linked biopolymeric polyelectrolyte complex matrices for drug delivery
Abstract
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Biopolymeric polyelectrolytes
15.3 Biopolymeric polyelectrolytes for drug delivery
15.4 Conclusion
References
16. Ionotropic cross-linked drug delivery carriers made of grafted biopolymers
Abstract
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Ionotropic cross-linking
16.3 Drug delivery carriers
16.4 Biopolymers
16.5 Advantages of grafted biopolymers
16.6 Grafting of biopolymers
16.7 Ionotropic cross-linked biopolymer as drug delivery carrier
16.8 Future prospects
16.9 Conclusion
References
Section 4: Specific drug delivery applications
17. Ionotropic cross-linked buoyant polymeric matrices for gastroretentive drug delivery
Abstract
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Gastroretentive drug delivery systems
17.3 Floating drug delivery systems
17.4 Technologies for preparing floating drug delivery systems
17.5 Ionotropic gelation
17.6 Recent studies with ionotropic gelation technology
17.7 Currently marketed products of gastroretentive dosage forms
17.8 Conclusion
References
18. Ionotropically cross-linked polymeric matrices for colon-specific drug delivery
Abstract
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Targeted drug delivery
18.3 Colon-specific drug delivery
18.4 Drug encapsulation into polysaccharides system for drug delivery
18.5 Ionotropic gelation
18.6 Use of ionotropically crosslinked polysaccharides
18.7 Conclusions and perspectives
References
19. Application of ionotropic cross-linking of biopolymers in cell delivery
Abstract
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Cell delivery
19.3 Types of ionotropic cross-linked biopolymers in cell delivery
19.4 Conclusion
References
20. Ionotropic cross-linking of biopolymers for drug delivery in wound management
Abstract
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Mechanisms of ionotropic gelation
20.3 External gelation
20.4 Internal gelation
20.5 Inverse gelation
20.6 Interfacial gelation
20.7 Multistep interrupted gelation
20.8 Biopolymers in ionotropic gelation
20.9 Chitosans
20.10 Alginate
20.11 Gellan gum
20.12 Carboxymethyl cellulose
20.13 Pectin
20.14 Swelling of hydrogels and release of drugs
20.15 Applications of ionotropic cross-linked biopolymers for drug delivery in wound healing
20.16 Advantages of ionotropic cross-linking of biopolymers
20.17 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
21. Ionotropic cross-linking of biopolymers for drug delivery in tissue engineering
Abstract
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Cross-linking in pharmaceutical science
21.3 Ionotropic cross-linking of biopolymers
21.4 Ionotropic cross-linked biopolymer for drug delivery
21.5 Ionotropic cross-linked biopolymer and drug delivery in tissue engineering
21.6 Conclusion
Conflict of interest
References
22. Future perspectives, challenges, and opportunities of ionotropic cross-linking of biopolymers in drug delivery
Abstract
Abbreviations
22.1 Introduction
22.2 Future perspective of ionotropically cross-linked biopolymers in drug delivery
22.3 Safety
22.4 Conclusion
References
Index

Amit Kumar Nayak

Dr. Amit Kumar Nayak (MPharm, PhD) is working as a professor, at the Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha ‘O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Odisha, India. He has earned his PhD from IFTM University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. He has over 14 years of research experiences in the field of pharmaceutics, especially in the development and characterization of novel biopolymeric and nanostructured drug delivery systems. Till date, he has authored more than 138 research and review publications in various high-impact peer-reviewed journals and 135 book chapters. He has edited/authored 23 international books to his credit. Dr. Nayak has presented his research work at several conferences. He has received University Foundation Day Research Award, 2019 and 2022 by Biju Patnaik University of Technology, Odisha. Dr. Nayak is a life member of the Association of Pharmaceutical Teachers of India (APTI) and a registered pharmacist.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

Md Saquib Hasnain

Prof. (Dr.) Md Saquib Hasnain has over 13 years of research experience in the field of drug delivery and pharmaceutical formulation analyses, especially systematic development and characterization of diverse nanostructured drug delivery systems, controlled release drug delivery systems, bioenhanced drug delivery systems, nanomaterials and nanocomposites employing Quality by Design approaches and many more. Till date he has authored over 100 publications in various high impact peer-reviewed journals, more than 100 book chapters and 30 books to his credit. He is also serving as the reviewer of several prestigious journals. Overall, he has earned a highly impressive publishing and cited record. He has also participated and presented his research work at over ten conferences in India, and abroad. He was also a member of scientific societies i.e., Royal Society of Chemistry, Great Britain, International Association of Environmental and Analytical Chemistry, Switzerland and Swiss Chemical Society, Switzerland.

Affiliations and expertise

Department of Pharmacy, Marwadi University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health