Investing in Disaster Risk Reduction for Resilience

Design, Methods and Knowledge in the face of Climate Change

1st Edition - March 15, 2022
Editors: A. Nuno Martins, Gonzalo Lizarralde, Temitope Egbelakin, Liliane Hobeica, Jose Manuel Mendes, Adib Hobeica
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 8 6 3 9 - 8
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 8 7 3 5 - 7

Disaster prevention and the mitigation of climate change effects call for global action. Joint efforts are required among countries, economic sectors, and public and private st… Read more

Investing in Disaster Risk Reduction for Resilience

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Disaster prevention and the mitigation of climate change effects call for global action. Joint efforts are required among countries, economic sectors, and public and private stakeholders. Not surprisingly, international organizations, such as the United Nations agencies, propose policy frameworks aimed at worldwide influence. The 2015–2030 Sendai Framework seeks to create consensus about the need to act for disaster risk reduction and climate adaptation. A key goal is to promote investments in risk reduction and resilience. But how useful is this policy framework? What does it say, and what does it overlook? How can it be implemented among vulnerable communities, in historic sites, and in other sensitive locations affected by disasters?

In this book, prominent scholars and practitioners examine the successes and failures of the Sendai Framework. Their case studies show that, despite its good intentions, the Framework achieves very little. The main reason is that, while avoiding a political engagement, it fails to deal with disasters’ root causes and guide the difficult path of effective implementation. The authors bring a fresh look to international policy and design practices, highlighting cross-disciplinary research avenues, and ideas and methods for low-income communities, cities and heritage sites in Portugal, Haiti, the United States, the Philippines, New Zealand, Sri Lanka, Nigeria, among other countries.Global action requires collaboration between heterogeneous stakeholders, but also the recognition of inequalities, power imbalances, and social and environmental injustices.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgments
Part A. Investing in design for disaster risk reduction
Introduction. Investing in disaster-risk consultants and visibility
1. More than slogans: the root causes of disasters
2. The mighty Goudougoudou
3. Investing in disaster risk reduction in Port-au-Prince
4. Building back better in Haiti
5. Investing in disaster risk reduction in the promised land
6. Lessons learned from the Haitian case
7. Where and how to invest for disaster risk reduction?
1. Investing in community participation for disaster recovery
1. Sitting astride the ring of fire and typhoon path
2. Institutionalizing disaster risk reduction and management
3. From understanding to taking action toward disaster risk reduction
4. Practices, structures, and linkages: how disaster risk reduction interventions can last
5. Toward stronger community participation and localization for smarter disaster risk reduction investment
2. Investing in the social places of heritage towns
1. The importance of social places of heritage towns in disaster risk reduction
2. Methodology for studying social places in different heritage towns
3. Social places of different heritage towns
4. Enhancing community resilience and promoting sustainable heritage tourism
3. Investing in contingency in a heritage site
1. Built heritage at risk
2. Fragility and resilience of the built heritage
3. Contextualizing the Monastery of Santa Clara-a-Velha's revitalization
4. The Monastery's revamping process
5. The new premises of the Monastery
6. Blending heritage's physical and sociocultural dimensions
Part B. Investing in new methods for resilience
4. Physical Services Index for flooding hazards
1. Understanding cascading hazards during urban-flooding events
2. An integrated flood-hazard approach to account for the effects of urban development on hazard evolution
3. Operationalizing the framework in Metro Manila
4. Modeling the Physical Services Index of Metro Manila through system dynamics
5. Assessing flood hazards holistically and optimizing resilience investments through the Physical Services Index
5. Resilience planning in antagonistic communities
1. An introduction to the planner's role in US communities
2. The importance of community interaction in the planning process
3. Subject community: Grand Haven Michigan
4. The scenario-building process and structure
5. Achieved scenario plan
6. Community input
7. Concluding comments
6. Systems thinking toward climate resilience
1. Challenges for resilience building
2. Building resilience through stakeholder engagement
3. Stakeholder engagement for resilience building as a complex system
4. Exploring systems thinking for climate adaptation in Nigeria
5. Capturing stakeholders' views of climate hazards and resilience building
6. The seven-step systems approach
7. Putting the proposed systems approach into perspective
8. Investing in systems thinking toward climate-change resilience
7. Assessing urban resilience to cope with climate change
1. Introducing urban-resilience assessment
2. Resilience-assessment approach focused on the urban water cycle
3. Functional- and physical-resilience assessment in Lisbon's mobility and waste sectors
4. Appraisal of the functional- and physical-resilience results
5. Final remarks on the resilience-assessment approach
Part C. Building knowledge on disaster risk reduction investment
8. Incentives for retrofitting heritage buildings in New Zealand
1. Background
2. Factors affecting seismic retrofitting of heritage buildings
3. Incentives for retrofitting heritage buildings
4. Research method
5. Awareness level and mode of communication of available incentives
6. Building owners' preferences for incentives
7. Implications and summary of findings
9. Dissatisfaction after postdisaster resettlement
1. Criticisms on postdisaster resettlement
2. Disaster-induced displacement and resettlement
3. Dimensions of the postdisaster cycle
4. Factors affecting the adaptation of resettled communities to a new environment
5. The empirical study in Sri Lanka
6. The DIDR context of Sri Lanka
7. The underlying mechanism of resettlement dissatisfaction
8. Concluding remarks
10. The media coverage of climate change in Portugal
1. The media communication of climate change
2. Study design
3. Climate-change communication: a Portuguese-media portrayal
4. The stenographic media communication of climate change and its influence on lay audiences
5. Concluding remarks
11. Investing in flood adaptation in Jakarta, Indonesia
1. Evaluating adaptation to climate change
2. Considering enabling factors to evaluate adaptation
3. Context of the study: Jakarta, Indonesia
4. The study's methodology
5. Enabling adaptation in coastal Jakarta
6. Adapting formal climate change adaptation to meet the specificities of informality
Conclusion. Moving from frameworks to action: The importance of context-driven investments to deal with disasters' root causes
Index

A. Nuno Martins

Since 2013 Dr. Martins has been an integrated researcher of CIAUD, the Research Centre for Architecture, Urbanism, and Design, within the Faculty of Architecture of the University of Lisbon with a project addressing risk, resilience as well as humanitarian architecture for disaster-prone and informal-settlement environments. In the past three years, he has chaired major global conferences and design competitions focused on risk, resilience, and humanitarian architecture. As a project manager of the NGO Building 4Humanity, Design, and Reconstructing Communities Association, he has been leading multidisciplinary teams in projects and missions in Portugal, Africa, and Brazil. The outcomes of the action-research fieldwork have been presented in conferences in the areas of sustainability, urban disaster as well as design in development, and subsequently published in proceedings, books, and journals. His current research interests include the re-visitation of the concept of incremental housing and the introduction of humanitarian architecture into architectural education.

Affiliations and expertise

Integrated Researcher, CIAUD, the Research Centre for Architecture, Urbanism, and Design, Faculty of Architecture, University of Lisbon, Portugal

Gonzalo Lizarralde

Gonzalo Lizarralde is a professor at the School of Architecture of Université de Montréal. He studies the relationships between planning, design and construction processes. He has a PhD from Université de Montréal, a Masters in Architecture from McGill University and a post doctorate from the Department of Construction Economics and Management of University of Cape Town, South Africa. He has taught in leading Universities in Canada, Colombia and South Africa.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor, School of Architecture, University of Montreal, Canada

Temitope Egbelakin

Dr. Temitope Egbelakin is an Associate Professor at the School of Architecture and Built Environment (SABE) and the Executive Director of CIFAL Newcastle at the University of Newcastle in New South Wales, AU. Her research interests include Construction Project Performance, Disaster Resilience, Prefabrication and Affordable Housing, as well as Smart Construction and Informatics. Dr. Temitope is a prolific researcher, having led several funded research projects and has published widely in top international refereed journals. She has been active in several local and international research groups such as QuakeCore, National Science Challenges (NSC), Integrated Research on Disaster Risk (IRDR), and the International Council for Research and Innovation in Building and Construction (CIB).

Affiliations and expertise

Associate Professor, School of Architecture and Built Environment (SABE), The University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia

Liliane Hobeica

Liliane Hobeica is an architect-urbanist whose research activities have been following a broad disciplinary approach. After three master degrees, in urbanism, human ecology, and risk sciences, she concluded in 2018 a PhD in risk sciences, in which she explored the potentials of spatial design as a flood-adaptation tool within urban-riverfront interventions. She is currently interested in the social dimensions of flood adaptation, community-based resilient design, and risk mainstreaming in architectural practices.

Affiliations and expertise

Environmental Hazard and Risk Assessment and Management (RISKam) research group, Centre of Geographical Studies (CEG), University of Lisbon, Portugal

Jose Manuel Mendes

José Manuel Mendes holds a PhD in Sociology from the School of Economics of the University of Coimbra, where he is an Associate Professor with Aggregation. He is also a researcher at the Centre for Social Studies, where he has been working in the fields of risk and social vulnerability, planning, public policies and citizenship. He is coordinator of the Risk Observatory (OSIRIS) of the Centre for Social Studies and is the Editor of Revista Crítica de Ciências Sociais.

Affiliations and expertise

Associate Professor, University of Coimbra, Portugal

Adib Hobeica

Adib Hobeica is an independent consultant and researcher, with Master degrees in international management (ISC Paris) and in risk sciences (University of Coimbra), extensive exposure to the development sphere, and manifold experiences in data collection and analysis, writing and reviewing, gained in both academic environments and assignments with international organizations (ICRC, UNDP, UNIDO and the World Bank).

Affiliations and expertise

Independent Consultant

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Investing in Disaster Risk Reduction for Resilience

Design, Methods and Knowledge in the face of Climate Change

Purchase options

Institutional subscription on ScienceDirect

A. Nuno Martins

Gonzalo Lizarralde

Temitope Egbelakin

Liliane Hobeica

Jose Manuel Mendes

Adib Hobeica