Introduction to Applied Optics for Engineers
- 1st Edition - January 28, 1977
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Author: F. Paul Carlson
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 4 3 3 4 2 0 - 5
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 5 7 3 2 - 2
Introduction to Applied Optics for Engineers introduces the reader to applied optics and presents ideas on coherent optical data processing. Topics covered include applications and… Read more
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Request a sales quoteIntroduction to Applied Optics for Engineers introduces the reader to applied optics and presents ideas on coherent optical data processing. Topics covered include applications and approximations for radiation fields; physical realizations of phase transformers, lenses, and systems; applications of optical filtering to data processing; and partial coherence. Several examples from bioengineering-related research are provided. This book is comprised of 10 chapters and begins with an introduction to the basic equations of physical optics that are derived using the wave treatment approach, resulting in the simpler geometrical (ray) optics approximation. The differential form of Maxwell's equations is considered, along with propagation in free space and Fermat's principle. The following chapters explore applications and approximations for radiation fields, with emphasis on Fraunhofer fields, circular and multiple apertures, and phase effects in apertures; physical realizations of phase transformers, lenses, and spherical and parabolic surfaces; and system transform concepts including Fourier transform representation of fields and calculation techniques for imaging through a lens. The remaining chapters focus on interface devices, interferometry, holography, and scattering. This monograph is intended for students and engineers with a traditional background in electromagnetic wave theory.
Preface
Acknowledgments
Chapter I An Introduction to Physical Optics
Introduction
Propagation in Free Space
Plane-Wave Propagation
Geometrical Optics
Fermat's Principle
Integral Relation for the Field
Problems
Chapter II Applications and Approximations for Radiation Fields
Introduction
Illustration of Fraunhofer Fields
Circular Aperture
Multiple Apertures—Array and Aperture Factors
Phase Effects in Apertures—Wedge
Fresnel Approximation
Problems
Chapter III Physical Realizations of Phase Transformers, Lenses, and Systems
Conceptual Lens
Spherical Surfaces
Parabolic Surfaces
Systems of Lenses
Fourier Transform
Problems
Chapter IV System Transform Concepts and Notation
Fourier Transform Representation of Fields
Transform of the Wave Equation
Propagation as a Transfer Function
General Transform Relationships of Propagation
Operational Techniques
A Canonical Function
Calculation Techniques for Imaging through a Lens
Imaging Condition
Fourier-Transform Condition
Fourier Transform Using the Back Plane of the Lens
Cascaded Systems and System Operations
Multichannel One-Dimensional Systems
Bandlimiting Nature of Physical Systems
Problems
Chapter V Applications of Optical Filtering to Data Processing
Introduction
Band-Pass Filters
Tiger-in-the-Cage
Edge Sharpening-Contrast Improvement
Continuously Varying Masks
Complex Filters
Heterodyning
Matched Filters
Weiner-Kolmogorov Estimation Filter
An Application of Weiner-Kolmogorov Filtering
Synthetic Aperture Radar
Problems
Chapter VI Interface Devices
Photographic Recording
Resolution
Mathematical Model for Photographic Material
Coherent Transmission Functions
Synthesis of Quotients of Transmission Functions
Modulation Transfer Function
Television
Photodiodes
Photomultipliers
Real-Time Materials
Real-Time Materials Applied to Integrated Optics
Problems
Chapter VII Interferometry
Introduction
Young's Interferometer
Rayleigh Interferometer
Michelson Stellar Interferometer
Michelson Interferometer
Twyman-Green Interferometer
Mach-Zehnder Interferometer
Fizeau Interferometer
Newton Interferometer
Multiple-Beam Interferometer
Fabry-Perot Interferometer
Fox and Li Analysis
Analytical Solution, Boyd-Gordon Approach
Stability of Modes
Stability Conditions
Diffraction Losses
Cavity Q
Problems
Chapter VIII Holography
Introduction
Generation of Phase Information
Formation of the Interferogram
Arbitrary Gammas
Reconstruction of the Object Wave
Fresnel and Fraunhofer Holograms
Wave-Front and Amplitude Holograms
Fourier-Transform Holograms
Characteristics of the Reconstructed Image
Contrast Ratio and Large Dynamic Range
Bandwidth Requirements for Separation
Storage of Multiple Images
Reduction in Resolution Requirements through Redundancy
Holographic Interferometry
Contour Generation
Contour Generation—Immersion Method
Differential Holograms—Strain Measurement
Differential Holograms—Vibrational Analysis
Volume Effects—Bragg Angle
Use of a Hologram as a Complex Filter Element
Holographic Lens
Aberration Correction
Use of a Hologram as a Generalized Processor Element
Problems
Chapter IX Partial Coherence
Introduction
Fringes and Monochromaticity
Fringes and Phase Perturbations
Visibility
Mutual Coherence Function
Complex Degree of Coherence
Measurement of the Degree of Coherence
Separation of Spatial and Temporal Effects
Propagation of Intensities
Propagation of the Mutual Coherence Function
The Van Cittert-Zernike Theorem
Degree of Coherence and the Source Power Spectral Density
Imaging with Partially Coherent Light
Fourier Transforms with Partially Coherent Light
Hanbury Brown and Twiss Experiment
Summary
Problems
Chapter X Scattering
Introduction
Blue Sky
Red Sunset
Polarization of Skylight
The Rainbow
Scattering by a Dielectric Sphere
Absorption Effects
Mie-Debye Scattering Theory—Spherical Particles
Mie-Debye Cross Sections and Efficiency Factors
The Correspondence between Mie and Rayleigh Scattering
Scattering in Random Media
Multiple Scattering in a System of Random Discrete Scatterers
Summary
Problems
References
Index
- Edition: 1
- Published: January 28, 1977
- Imprint: Academic Press
- No. of pages: 292
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN: 9780124334205
- eBook ISBN: 9780323157322
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