International and Life Course Aspects of COVID-19

1st Edition - June 1, 2024
Editors: Rajkumar Rajendram, Victor R Preedy, Vinood Patel
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 5 6 4 8 - 2
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 5 6 4 9 - 9

International and Life Course Aspects of COVID-19 describes the nuances and differential aspects of COVID-19 in different age groups and internationally. With so many popula… Read more

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International and Life Course Aspects of COVID-19 describes the nuances and differential aspects of COVID-19 in different age groups and internationally. With so many populations affected differently by the virus, this volume details those differences in chapters examining different generations, including children, adolescents, and older populations, with focus on the brain. International observations are detailed as well, with a look at global outcomes. Age-specific effects on the brain are a major focus unique to this resource that is relevant for all clinicians working to ensure the best outcomes in patients with COVID-19 all over the world.

Preface

I. Introductory chapters and setting the scene

1. COVID-19 and mortality in children
Milind Shinde, Anu Maheshwari and Harish Kumar Pemde

2. Congenital and perinatal COVID- 19: Diagnostic challenges, current management and outcomes
DESPOINA GKENTZI

3. COVID-19 Vaccine Strategies
Amin Gasmi, Yuliya Semenova, Sadaf Noor, Amine Nehaoua, Rafiaa Malek, Habib Malek, and Geir Bjørklund

4. Social and Community Responses to Public Health and Social Measures for COVID-19: Community Engagement for Risk Preparedness
Gary Chung and Eng-Kiong Yeoh

II. International aspects

5. The COVID-19 pandemic in Italy: ecological background and epidemiological dynamics
M. Gatto and Stefano Miccoli

6. The COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria
Ademola Emmanuel Aiyenuro I, Chijioke Obiwe Onyeani, Yusuff Adebisi, Promise Okereke, Deborah Shomuyiwa, Nneka Uche, Nafisat Jimoh, Abdullahi Aborode, Samuel Ogunsola and Udochiamaka Chukwu

7. The COVID-19 pandemic in India
Maushmi Shailesh Kumar

8. COVID-19 pandemic in Europe
Małgorzata Gruchoła and Małgorzata Sławek-Czochra

9. Covid-19 in the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC)
Lorena Díaz de León-Martínez, Carlos Miguel López-Mendoza, Ana Jared Tenorio Salazar, Rogelio Flores Ramírez and Luz Eugenia Alcántara-Quintana

10. COVID-19 IN SUDAN: A MULTIPERSPECTIVE REVIEW
Khabab Mohamed Ahmed Sr.

11. Features of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in Cuba
E. Cruz-Rodriguez Sr.

12. Stress and anxiety due to the COVID-19 pandemic in India
Vidit Singh and Snigdha Awasthi

13. COVID-19 pandemic in Korea: A focus on Medical Management
K.-M. Ha and Young Kim

14. Stigma experienced by healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: Egyptian Perspectives
Aya Mostafa and Nashwa Ismail

III. Reproduction, pregnancy and new-borns

15. Breast feeding and COVID-19
Bindi Borg and Karleen Gribble

16. Follicular fluid and the response to SARS-CoV-2
Fernanda Parborell Sr.

17. Fetal death due to maternal COVID-19
Munekage Yamaguchi

18. The COVID-19 pandemic and identification of SARS-CoV-2 in the prostate
Katherine Campbell, Nikhil Kulkarni, Braian Ledesma, Farah Rahman, Kyle Schuppe, MohamadHusni M. Zarli, Kajal Khodamoradi and Ranjith Ramasamy

19. COVID -19 in pregnant women: clinical course, treatment and maternal/fetal outcome of vaccination during pregnancy
Cinzia Auriti, Chiara Maddaloni and Domenico Umberto De Rose

20. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibodies and their vertical transfer
Jeremy Dewayne Ward

21. SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in lactation
Amit Srivastava

22. Being pregnant during the COVID-19 pandemic: Impact of the trimester of gestation and measures of maternal mental health
Anick Berard and Narimene Ait Belkacem

23. COVID-19 related maternal mortality and SARS-CoV-2 variants
Arzu Bilge Tekin and Bilge Dogan Taymur

24. COVID-19 associated complications in pregnant women and neonates
Taylor DeAnnuntis, Jahnea Williams, Paul Burcher, Tamara Snyder, Rahul Kashyap and Vikas Bansal

25. The neurological impact of SARS-COV-2 infection on the developing foetus
Christine Wade, Kartik Mody and Becky Micetic

26. Impact of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection in the placenta
Kendall Moore, Rebecca Jessel, Jia Chen and Corina Lesseur

IV. Children and adolescents

27. T-cells and their subsets in children with COVID-19
Ferah Budak, Abdurrahman Simsek and Muhammed Ali Kizmaz

28. Paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome and SARS-CoV-2
Stanisław Surma, Joanna Lewek and Maciej Banach

29. How the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted on childhood nutritional status
Mohammod Jobayer Chisti

30. COVID-19 in children: nutritional care
P. Zamberlan, Beatriz Mazzoni, Ana Lúcia Lahoz, Maria Lucia Santos, Camila Nozella and Artur Delgado

31. Eating disorders in children during the COVID-19 pandemic
M.R. Marchili

32. Body composition in children with SARS cov 2 infection : short- and long-term consequences
Elisabetta Di Profio, Elvira Verduci and Gianvincenzo Zuccotti

33. Risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and childhood obesity
Maira Alejandra Ortiz-Pinto, Honorato Ortiz-Marrón and Miguel Pedromingo-Kuss

34. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic during the lockdown and the post-COVID effects on the family system of children with disabilities
Bekir Fatih Meral

35. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on ordinary vaccination programs for very young children: BCG, MMR, Poliomyelitis and beyond
Guilherme Silveira Procianoy and Rita C. Silveira

36. Immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in children
Paul Licciardi, Zheng Quan Toh and Nadia Mazarakis

37. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: how physical fitness changes in children
Eliseo Iglesias-Soler, Jessica Rial-Vázquez, Maria Rúa-Alonso, Iván Nine and Iván Clavel

38. The COVID-19 pandemic and children: impact on physical activity
Olena Yelizarova, Svitlana Hozak, Tetiana Stankevych, Nadiya Polka, Alla Koblianska, Alla Parats and Olha Ivanovska

39. The COVID-19 pandemic and stress related to schooling
Xue Yang and Kylie K.Y. Chan

40. The COVID-19 pandemic and effects on adolescent suicidal ideation (self-directed harm)
Brianna J. Turner

41. The COVID-19 pandemic: Attending to hand hygiene measures in young people [a review of different studies]
Anna Espart, Luisa Guitard-Sein Echaluce, Maria Barcenilla-Guitard, Alba Guitard-Quer and Fernando Barcenilla

42. Child and Adolescent COVID-19 Vaccination: Trends, Hesitancy, and Strategies for Increasing Vaccination
Kimberly H. Nguyen

43. Social distancing behaviour in adolescents
Ming-Te Wang

44. Thrombotic complications in children and adolescents with SARS-CoV-2 infection
Clay Travis Cohen

45. Features of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in children: A focus on magnetic resonance imaging of the heart
Łukasz A. Małek

46. SARS-CoV-2 infection and the cytokine levels and pathway in children: an updated narrative
Tsvetelina Veselinova Velikova and Snezhina Lazova

V. Older Adults

47. Risk factors related to COVID-19 among older adults
Eva M. Satue-Gracia

48. Reducing loneliness and social isolation among elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic
Xiangfei Meng

49. Features and measures of depression in elderly and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: linking in pre-existing mental health
Omar Paccagnella

50. Experiences of Disabled Older Adults in Adult Day Care Centers during COVID-19 Pandemic
Takashi Naruse

51. Single-Cell Transcriptomics to Investigate Disease Severity in older adult COVID-19 Patients
Hassan Mohamed El-Said Azzazy

52. COVID-19 and Older Adult Food Practices: A Social Determinants of Health Perspective
Sarah Francis, Catherine Rudoloph and Savannah Schultz

53. Older subjects and immunogenicity of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines
Dorota Religa and Piotr Seiffert

54. Non-invasive respiratory support in octogenarian patients with COVID-19
Federico Lionello, Gabriella Guarnieri, Giovanna Arcaro, Sara Lococo and Andrea Vianello

VI. Case studies with mini review

55. CASE STUDY: COVID-19 severity in diabetic patients with and without seizure
Budhadev Baral, Kartik Muduli, Shweta Jakhmola, Vaishali Saini, Pratik Kundu, Nikunj Kumar Root, Shubhransu Patro, Nirmal Kumar Mohakud and Hem Chandra Jha

56. CASE STUDY: Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions for COVID-19 and Their Social Impact in Japan
Kota KODAMA, Makoto Niwa and Shintaro Sengoku

57. CASE STUDY: Factors affecting vaccine uptake. Australian perspectives
Jessica Carter and Erika Borkoles

58. CASE STUDY: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on an older disabled person
Takashi Naruse

59. COVID -19 in the newborn: clinical course and effects of maternal vaccination in pregnancy
Cinzia Auriti, Chiara Maddaloni and Domenico Umberto De Rose

VII. Resources

60. Recommended Resources for the International and Life Course Aspects of COVID-19
Rajkumar Rajendram

Rajkumar Rajendram

Dr Rajkumar Rajendram is a clinician scientist with a focus on internal medicine, anaesthesia, intensive care and peri-operative medicine. He graduated with distinctions from Guy’s, King’s and St. Thomas Medical School, King’s College London in 2001. As an undergraduate he was awarded several prizes, merits and distinctions in pre-clinical and clinical subjects.

Dr Rajendram began his post-graduate medical training in general medicine and intensive care in Oxford. He attained membership of the Royal College of Physicians (MRCP) in 2004 and completed specialist training in acute and general medicine in Oxford in 2010. Dr Rajendram subsequently practiced as a Consultant in Acute General Medicine at the John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford.

Dr Rajendram also trained in anaesthesia and intensive care in London and was awarded a fellowship of the Royal College of Anaesthetists (FRCA) in 2009. He completed advanced training in regional anaesthesia and intensive care. He was awarded a fellowship of the Faculty of Intensive Care Medicine (FFICM) in 2013 and obtained the European diploma of intensive care medicine (EDIC) in 2014. He then moved to the Royal Free London Hospitals as a Consultant in Intensive Care, Anaesthesia and Peri-operative Medicine. He has been a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh (FRCP Edin) and the Royal College of Physicians of London (FRCP Lond) since 2017 and 2019 respectively. He is currently a Consultant in Internal Medicine at King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Heath Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Dr Rajendram’s focus on improving outcomes from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has involved research on point of care ultrasound and phenotypes of COVID-19. Dr Rajendram also recognises that nutritional support is a fundamental aspect of medical care. This is particularly important for patients with COVID-19. As a clinician scientist he has therefore devoted significant time and effort into nutritional science research and education. He is an affiliated member of the Nutritional Sciences Research Division of King’s College London and has published over 400 textbook chapters, review articles, peer-reviewed papers and abstracts.

Affiliations and expertise

Consultant in Internal Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Heath Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Victor R Preedy

Victor R. Preedy BSc, PhD, DSc, FRSB, FRSPH, FRSC, FRCPath graduated with an Honours Degree in Biology and Physiology with Pharmacology. After gaining his University of London PhD, he received his Membership of the Royal College of Pathologists. He was later awarded his second doctorate (DSc), for his contribution to protein metabolism in health and disease. He is Professor of Clinical Biochemistry (Hon) at King’s College Hospital and Emeritus Professor of Nutritional Biochemistry at King’s College London. He has Honorary Professorships at the University of Hull, and the University of Suffolk. Professor Preedy was the Founding Director and then long-term Director of the Genomics Centre at King’s College London from 2006 to 2020. Professor Preedy has been awarded fellowships of the Royal Society of Biology, the Royal College of Pathologists, the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health, the Royal Institute of Public Health, the Royal Society for Public Health, the Royal Society of Chemistry and the Royal Society of Medicine. He carried out research when attached to the National Heart Hospital (part of Imperial College London), The School of Pharmacy (now part of University College London) and the MRC Centre at Northwick Park Hospital. He has collaborated with international research groups in Finland, Japan, Australia, USA, and Germany. To his credit, Professor Preedy has published over 750 articles, which includes peer-reviewed manuscripts based on original research, abstracts and symposium presentations, reviews and edited books.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, King’s College Hospital, London, UK; Emeritus Professor, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, UK Visiting Professor, University of Hull, UK

Vinood Patel

Vinood B. Patel, BSc, PhD, FRSC, is currently Professor in Clinical Biochemistry at the University of Westminster. In 2014 Dr Patel was elected as a Fellow to The Royal Society of Chemistry. Dr Patel graduated from the University of Portsmouth with a degree in Pharmacology and completed his PhD in protein metabolism from King’s College London in 1997. His postdoctoral work was carried out at Wake Forest University Baptist Medical School, NC, USA studying structural-functional alterations to mitochondrial ribosomes, where he developed novel techniques to characterize their biophysical properties. Research is being undertaken to study the role of nutrients, antioxidants, phytochemicals, iron, alcohol and fatty acids in the pathophysiology of liver disease. Other areas of interest are identifying new biomarkers that can be used for the diagnosis and prognosis of disease and understanding mitochondrial oxidative stress in neurological disorders and iron dysregulation in diabetes. Dr Patel is a nationally and internationally recognized researcher and has several edited biomedical books related to the use or investigation of active agents or components. These books include The Handbook of Nutrition, Diet, and Epigenetics, Branched Chain Amino Acids in Clinical Nutrition, Cancer: Oxidative Stress and Dietary Antioxidants, Toxicology: Oxidative Stress and Dietary Antioxidants, Molecular Nutrition: Vitamins, The Neuroscience of Pain, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy. He is Editor of the ten-volume series Biomarkers in Disease: Methods, Discoveries and Applications.

Affiliations and expertise

Reader, Clinical Biochemistry, University of Westminster, London, UK