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Instrumentation and Control Systems for Nuclear Power Plants
1st Edition - March 20, 2023
Editor: Mauro Cappelli
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 1 0 2 8 3 6 - 0
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 1 0 2 8 3 7 - 7
Instrumentation and Control Systems for Nuclear Power Plants provides the latest innovative research onthe design of effective modern I&C systems for both existing and newly… Read more
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Instrumentation and Control Systems for Nuclear Power Plants provides the latest innovative research onthe design of effective modern I&C systems for both existing and newly commissioned plants, along withinformation on system implementation. Dr. Cappelli and his team of expert contributors cover fundamentals,explore the most advanced research in control systems technology, and tackle topics such as the human–machine interface, control room redesign, and control modeling. The inclusion of codes and standards,inspection procedures, and regulatory issues ensure that the reader can confidently design their own I&Csystems and integrate them into existing nuclear sites and projects.
- Covers various viewpoints, including theory, modeling, design and applications of I&C systems
- Includes codes and standards, inspection procedures and regulatory issues
- Combines engineering and physics aspects in one thorough resource, presenting human factors, modeling and HMI together for the first time
- Instrumentation and Control Systems for Nuclear Power Plants highlights the key role nuclear energy plays in the transition to a lower-carbon energy mix
Graduate students of nuclear engineering; Engineers with an MA/PhD in another conventional engineering discipline; electrical and electronic engineers with specialities in nuclear industry; practitioners in industry involved in nuclear system design; existing I&C professionals and specialists; Researchers requiring information on any one of the key topics discussed; National and International regulatory and standards bodies
PART 1 Fundamental topics
1. In the form of an introduction
2. Principles of I&C systems for nuclear plants
2.1 The instrumentation and control world
2.2 I&C system architecture
2.3 How safe is a nuclear reactor
2.4 A simplified control system of a nuclear reactor
2.5 NPP I&C systems for the main reactor types: a brief overview
2.6 In a search for an interface between plants and humans
2.7 From analog to digital: the emerging of technology in the nuclear world
2.8 Safety, security, and safeguards
3. Fundamentals of analog I&C systems
3.1 What are analog I&C systems?
3.2 Plant controllers
3.3 PID controllers
3.4 Sensors
3.5 Actuators
3.6 Plant instrumentation
3.7 Use case: liquid level measurement
3.8 Use case: cable aging
4. Fundamentals of digital I&C systems
4.1 Why digital I&C systems
4.2 Digital circuits
4.3 Analog to digital and digital to analog conversion
4.4 Digital networks
4.5 Digital controllers
4.6 Digital devices
4.7 Use case: a digital measurement system
4.8 Use case: a digital device for online monitoring and diagnostics in signal cables
5. Fundamentals of linear systems: analysis and control
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Mathematical models
5.3 Time domain analysis of the state and output response
5.4 The transfer function of an LTI system
5.5 Stability notions for LTI system
5.6 The realization problem
5.7 The feedback control
6. Control of nuclear power plants
6.1 The problem of the nuclear plant control
6.2 Control system analysis
6.3 Control system design
6.4 Nuclear reactor kinetics
6.5 Representations of the neutron kinetics
6.6 Power reactor dynamics
PART 2 Advanced topics
7. Advanced control system: theory and application to nuclear reactors
7.1 Introduction
7.2 The Lyapunov stability theorem
7.3 Structural properties of linear systems
7.4 The state feedback control
7.5 Some notes on nonlinear control techniques
7.6 Nonlinear techniques for the control of an NPP
8. Modeling of intelligent control systems in nuclear power plants
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Intelligent control modeling
8.3 Intelligent control system models
8.4 Conclusion
9. Control system design of nuclear applications: from theory to realization 557
9.1 The design process
9.2 Automation of systems and machines
9.3 Guidelines on HMI design
9.4 Case study: Fuel Handling Machine control system for pressurized light water reactors
9.5 Case study: I&C for AP1000 systems
9.6 Case study: implementation of a DCS for Cernavoda NPP Unit-2 (BoP)
9.7 Case study: integrated automated monitoring system for Chernobyl NPP shelter object
9.8 Case study: emergency power system full station refurbishment in the nuclear power plant life extension program
10. I&C safety standards and codes
10.1 IAEA safety standards
10.2 Fundamental safety objective and fundamental safety principles
10.3 Design for safety
10.4 Defense in depth (DID)
10.5 Design for safety and the I&C systems at an NPP
10.6 Safety assessment and the I&C systems
10.7 Engineering capable, reliable, and robust NPP I&C systems
10.8 Functional design of the I&C systems
10.9 NPP I&C equipment and systems
11. I&C inspection and regulatory control
11.1 IAEA safety standards and regulatory control
11.2 Legal authority
11.3 Regulatory functions and processes
11.4 Authorization
11.5 Regulatory review and assessment
11.6 Regulatory inspection and enforcement
12. Radiation monitoring in the working areas
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Monitoring external exposure
12.3 Effects and measurements
12.4 Calibration and measurement of quality
12.5 X and gamma detectors
12.6 Neutron detectors
12.7 Alpha and beta detection
12.8 Monitoring networks
12.9 Sampling systems
12.10 Portable monitors
13. Instrumentation for nuclear waste repository monitoring
13.1 Introduction and scope
13.2 Geological disposal
13.3 Experimentation and repository monitoring
13.4 Particularities of instrumentation for repository monitoring
13.5 Parameters to measure for repository monitoring
13.6 Monitoring options/strategies
13.7 Monitoring technologies and instruments
13.8 TRL and qualification
14. Electrical systems
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Fundamental safety objective and fundamental safety principles
14.3 Design for safety and the electrical systems at an NPP
14.4 Safety assessment and the electrical systems
14.5 Engineering capable, reliable, and robust NPP electrical systems
14.6 Functional design of the on-site main electrical system
14.7 Electrical power systems at an NPP
15. Reliability analysis of nuclear instrumentation and control systems
15.1 Normative aspects
15.2 Safety categories and system classes for nuclear power plants
15.3 Safety important categories for nuclear fusion plants (the ITER example)
15.4 Reliability techniques
15.5 Basic probabilistic calculations
15.6 Suggested working procedure according to IEC 61508
15.7 An application example
15.8 Software
16. Environmental considerations in the qualification of monitoring
instruments for severe accidents
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Instruments for monitoring severe accidents
16.3 Environmental profiles under severe accidents
16.4 Equipment qualification: standards and regulations
16.5 Estimated environmental conditions during severe accidents
16.6 Discussions and conclusions
17. Plasma diagnostics techniques for thermonuclear fusion reactors
17.1 Nuclear fusion and tokamak
17.2 Plasma diagnostics overview and classification
17.3 Neutron techniques
17.4 Microwaves and far-infrared radiation plasma diagnostics
17.5 Scattering techniques
17.6 X-ray techniques
17.7 Magnetic techniques
17.8 Bolometry
17.9 UV and visible spectroscopic techniques
17.10 Heavy ion beam probe
17.11 Other diagnostics
17.12 Real-time control of plasma
18. Nuclear I&C systems current trends and future challenges
18.1 How we got here
18.2 New old plants and brand new plants
18.3 What happens next
Appendix A: Recalls of known facts
Appendix B: Useful canonical forms
Appendix C: Some properties of the block matrices
Appendix D: Some properties of linear operators
- No. of pages: 1112
- Language: English
- Published: March 20, 2023
- Imprint: Woodhead Publishing
- Paperback ISBN: 9780081028360
- eBook ISBN: 9780081028377
MC
Mauro Cappelli
Mauro CAPPELLI, ENEA, The Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Rome, Italy; Center of Excellence DEWS, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, L’Aquila, Italy. He is also Adjunct Professor of Instrumentation for Control of Energy Systems at the University of L’Aquila, and Affiliate at DEWS Center of Excellence, University of L’Aquila.
He received a Laurea degree in Electrical Engineering from the University of Perugia, a PhD in Electrical Engineering from the Sapienza University of Rome, a Master in Nuclear Safety at the University of Pisa, a Master in Fusion Energy at the University of Rome Tor Vergata, two post-laurea specialization degrees in Technological Teaching at the University of Romatre, and a post-laurea certificate in Total Cost Management from the Bocconi University. After a post-doc at the University of Salento, he also worked as a Training Manager in the field of Defense Control Management Systems for Elsag-Datamat, where he led a team of teachers for the training of officers and petty officers of the Italian Navy.
Afterwards, he joined ENEA where he has been doing research on Instrumentation and Control Systems, Human Computer Interfaces, Radiofrequency Systems and Simulations tools mainly in the field of Nuclear Science and Engineering. From 2013 to 2015 he was Head of the Design and Experimental Engineering Laboratory, ENEA Casaccia Research Center in Rome. He has been involved in many working groups and projects dealing with I&C. He is currently ENEA Scientific Coordinator of the H2020 Modern2020 Project, ENEA Scientific Coordinator of the EC INSN Project, Chief Scientific Investigator for the IAEA Coordinated Research Project on Wireless Technology in Nuclear Power Plants, Coordinator of the Task for the Central Control System and Integrated Instrumentation for the EUROfusion Project WPENS (DONES), and a member of several projects at national and international level. He is author of more than 50 papers in national and international journals and conferences. He is also editor of a book on the history of Energy edited by the Italian Encyclopaedia Treccani in 2013.
Affiliations and expertise
ENEA, The Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Rome, Italy; Center of Excellence DEWS, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, L’Aquila, Italy