Improving Cereal Productivity through Climate Smart Practices

1st Edition - November 19, 2020
Imprint: Woodhead Publishing
Editors: Sindhu Sareen, Pradeep Sharma, Charan Singh, Poonam Jasrotia, Gyanendra Pratap Singh, Ashok Kumar Sarial
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 1 3 1 6 - 2
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 2 6 3 0 - 8

Improving Cereal Productivity through Climate Smart Practices is based on the presentations of the 4th International Group Meeting on "Wheat productivity enhancement through climat… Read more

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Improving Cereal Productivity through Climate Smart Practices is based on the presentations of the 4th International Group Meeting on "Wheat productivity enhancement through climate smart practices," and moves beyond the presentations to provide additional depth and breadth on this important topic. Focused specifically on wheat, and with chapters contributed by globally renowned pioneers in the field of cereal science, the book helps readers understand climate change and its effects on different aspects of wheat production in different parts of the world. This book will be important for those in research and industry seeking to contribute to the effective feeding of the world’s population.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Foreword
Preface
Part I. Breeding strategies and quality enhancement under climate change scenario
Chapter 1. Innovations and new horizons in chromosome elimination-mediated DH breeding: five decades journey of speed breeding in wheat
1.1. Introduction
1.2. Doubled haploidy breeding in wheat
1.3. Techniques involved in chromosome elimination-mediated doubled haploidy breeding
1.4. Novel protocols developed for enhancing doubled haploid induction in wheat × I. cylindrica–mediated chromosome elimination system
1.5. Chromosome doubling for production of homozygous plants from haploids
1.6. Molecular cytogenetic techniques assisted assessment of chromosome elimination of Imperata cylindrica under wheat background
1.7. Application of doubled haploids in wheat improvement
1.8. Conclusion
Chapter 2. Speed breeding – a climate smart tool to accelerate research in wheat
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Speed breeding – shape up
2.3. SB for generation advancement
2.4. SB for rust phenotyping
2.5. Leaf rust
2.6. Stem rust
2.7. SB – integration with other approaches
2.8. SB – comparison
2.9. SB – limitations
Chapter 3. Induced mutagenesis to sustain wheat production under changing climate
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Isolation of mutations for different traits and their role to enhance productivity
3.3. Mutant variety development
3.4. Mutation breeding work at BARC
3.5. Advances in induced mutagenesis
Chapter 4. Improving nutritional quality of wheat under changing climate scenario: challenges and progress
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Micronutrient content in wheat
4.3. Genetic manipulation for enhancing nutritional quality of wheat
4.4. Conclusion
Chapter 5. Zinc biofortified wheat—addressing micronutrient malnutrition in South Asia
5.1. Introduction
5.2. The evidence to date: progress in breeding for high-Zn wheat
5.3. Mainstreaming Zn biofortified wheat
5.4. Breeding approach
5.5. Genomics in biofortification breeding
5.6. The energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometer for elemental analysis
5.7. Effect of climate change on grain Fe and Zn in wheat
5.8. Reaching out to farmers and consumers with high-Zn wheat
5.9. Conclusion and future perspective
Chapter 6. Potential of biofortified wheat to alleviate hidden hunger
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Why to biofortify wheat in India?
6.3. Cultivar development strategy
6.4. Nutritional bioavailability and efficacy evidence
6.5. Current status and future prospects for biofortified wheat cultivars
6.6. Way forward to eradicate malnutrition in India
6.7. Conclusions
Part II. Abiotic stresses in relation to climate change
Chapter 7. Genomics, molecular breeding, and phenomics approaches for improvement of abiotic stress tolerance in wheat
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Response of plants to various abiotic stresses
7.3. Advancements in genomics
7.4. Plant hormones and candidate hub genes regulating flag leaf senescence
7.5. Molecular breeding approaches
7.6. Phenomics for high-throughput evaluation of traits
7.7. Genome editing using CRISPR/Cas system
7.8. Conclusion and future prospectus
Chapter 8. Prospection of heat tolerance in the context of global warming in wheat for food security
8.1. Introduction
8.2. Global warming and wheat production
8.3. Heat stress
8.4. Heat tolerance mechanism
8.5. Breeding strategies for heat tolerance
8.6. Genetic diversity for heat tolerance
8.7. Conventional breeding approaches
8.8. Modern breeding approaches
8.9. Adoptive strategies for heat stress tolerance
8.10. Future prospective
Chapter 9. Role of chlormequat chloride and salicylic acid in improving cereal crops production under saline conditions
9.1. Introduction
9.2. Plant growth regulators
9.3. Presowing seed treatment
9.4. Foliar application of chlormequat chloride (CCC)
9.5. Foliar application of SA
9.6. Practical aspects
9.7. Conclusion and research gaps
Chapter 10. Mitigating abiotic stress for enhancing wheat productivity
10.1. Introduction
10.2. Mitigation
10.3. Conclusion and future prospects
Part III. Biotic stresses in changing climate scenario
Chapter 11. Wheat rust research: impact, thrusts, and roadmap to sustained wheat production
11.1. Introduction
11.2. The wheat rusts
11.3. Research progress
11.4. Challenges in wheat rust research under changing climate scenario
11.5. Conclusion and future perspective
Chapter 12. Beating the beast-wheat blast disease
12.1. Introduction
12.2. Effect of climate change on the impact of biotic stresses
12.3. WB vulnerability of the world
12.4. Causal organism, loss caused, economic and quarantine importance
12.5. The 2NS-based resistance to WB
12.6. The nonhost resistance (NHR)
12.7. Germplasm screening and varietal breeding for WB
12.8. Conclusion
Chapter 13. Impact of climate change on insect pests of rice–wheat cropping system: recent trends and mitigation strategies
13.1. Introduction
13.2. Insect pests prevalent in rice–wheat cropping system
13.3. Response of insect pests and their natural enemies to climate change
13.4. Species distribution, abundance, and migration
13.5. Population dynamics, outbreaks, and invasion
13.6. Insect phenology, development, and voltinism
13.7. Overwintering survival
13.8. Impact on natural enemies
13.9. Climate change and insect–host interaction
13.10. Mitigation strategies to control crop losses due to pests owing to climate change
13.11. Conclusion and future prospects
Part IV. Resource management and impact of climate change
Chapter 14. Vulnerability of wheat production to climate change
14.1. Introduction
14.2. Climate change and wheat production
14.3. Factors responsible for climate change
14.4. Visualizing the climate change impact on wheat crop
14.5. Strategic research to mitigate the impact of climate change on wheat
14.6. Conclusion
Chapter 15. Wheat productivity enhancement through climate smart practices
15.1. Climate smart agricultural practices
15.2. Nutrient management strategies to deal with impacts of climate change on wheat production
15.3. Climate change adaptation of wheat following conservation agriculture practices
15.4. Efficient water management
15.5. Relay seeding of wheat in cotton–wheat system
15.6. Harnessing genotype × environment × input management interactions
Chapter 16. Wheat improvement for growth and sustainability in yield under varying climatic conditions and diverse production environments of India
16.1. Introduction
16.2. Production environments, yield growth, and climate change
16.3. Divergence in impact of climate change on wheat productivity
16.4. Sustainability enhancement through breeding
16.5. Way forward
Chapter 17. Optimization of resources for sustainable wheat productivity and enhanced profitability
17.1. Introduction
17.2. Appropriate land management
17.3. Appropriate varietal management
17.4. Appropriate time and sowing management
17.5. Appropriate fertilizer management
17.6. Appropriate water management
17.7. Appropriate weed management
Chapter 18. Yield and water use gaps in cereal multicrop systems in sub-Saharan Africa under climate change
18.1. Introduction
18.2. Climate change and cereal production
18.3. Distribution of cereal–legume intercrop systems
18.4. The productivity of selected cereal–legume systems
18.5. Optimizing cereal–legume systems
18.6. Synergies and trade-offs for cereal–legume intercrop systems
18.7. Conclusions
Index

Sindhu Sareen

Dr Sindhu Sareen has more than 25 years of research experience in genetics and cytogenetics. Presently she is working on abiotic stresses particularly heat and drought tolerance. She is associated with various national and international collaborative projects such as NICRA, ICAR extramural research project, National Agricultural Science fund (NASF), DBT – BBSRC, USAID- CIMMYT projects. She has developed various trait specific genetic stocks. She has more than 100 publications to her credit including 70 peer reviewed. 10 book chapters. She is General Secretary of the Society for Advancement of Wheat and Barley Research. She organized 4th International Group Meeting on “Wheat productivity enhancement through climate smart practices” as Organizing Secretary and is a recipient of the YS Murty Young Scientist Award and Best Women Scientist Award.

Affiliations and expertise

General Secretary of the Society for Advancement of Wheat and Barley Research

Pradeep Sharma

Dr. Pradeep Sharma received his Ph.D. in 2002 on the cloning and characterization of cotton leaf curl viruses. He performed his postdoctoral research (2006 2008) at Tohoku University, Japan with Prof M Ikegami as a JSPS fellow, where he worked on RNA silencing. He also undertook postdoctoral work at the ARO Volcani Center, Israel with Prof Y Gafni (2006 2006), focusing on the nuclear import of genes using yeast one hybrid system, as a DST scientist (2006), as a visiting scientist at South Dakota State University (2011) investigating allele mining and comparative genomics in rice, and at Oklahoma State University (2016) on small noncoding RNAs. In 2008, Dr. Sharma joined the faculty in the Department of Crop Improvement at ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, where he is the Principal Scientist. He directs a research group studying the role of sRNAs and epigenetics for biotic and abiotic stresses, molecular dynamics simulation, and NGS-based marker discovery in wheat. His group also decoded Karnal bunt genomes, the development of SSR markers for population structure, and diversity analysis of bunts and smut fungi. He teaches courses in Molecular Biology and Computational Biology to graduate students. Dr. Sharma has published more than 110 national and international research papers, 25 invited chap ters, eight scientific review articles, and he has edited seven books on biotic and abiotic stresses including RNAi tech nology. Dr. Sharma was conferred the Young Scientist’s Award (biannual 2005 2006) of the National Academy of Agricultural Sciences; the Pran Vohra Award (2008 2009) of the Indian Science Congress Association; a Fellow of the National Academy of Biological Sciences (2015); a Fellow of the Indian Virological Society (2012); and a Fellow of the Society for Advancement of Wheat and Barley Research (2019). He has worked at and visited many pioneering lab oratories of the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan, France, China, the Netherlands, Indonesia, Turkey, and Israel.

Affiliations and expertise

Principle Scientist, 201A Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana, India

Charan Singh

Dr. Charan Singh’s major area of interest is breeding of wheat genotypes for biotic (Spot blotch, rusts), abiotic (drought) tolerance/resistance and DUS characterization. Presently, he is working as Scientist (Plant Breeding) in Crop Improvement, ICAR- Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), Karnal, India.Dr. Charan Singh’s major area of interest is breeding of wheat genotypes for biotic (Spot blotch, rusts), abiotic (drought) tolerance/resistance and DUS characterization. Presently, he is working as Scientist (Plant Breeding) in Crop Improvement, ICAR- Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), Karnal, India.

Affiliations and expertise

Scientist (Plant Breeding) in Crop Improvement, ICAR- Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), Karnal, India

Poonam Jasrotia

Dr. Poonam Jasrotia is a Senior Scientist in Agricultural Entomology in ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal. Her research focuses on the mechanism and basis of aphid resistance in wheat and barley crops and identifying novel sources of aphid resistance for use by breeders in varietal developmental program. She is also associated with research to develop polymer-enhanced botanical alternatives to synthetic chemicals for management of stored grain pests of wheat. Dr. P.Jasrotia has a diverse background with work at Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Volcani Center of Israel, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA and Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center at Michigan State University, MI, USA. She did climate-change related research while working as Sustainability Research Co-ordinator for Great Lakes Bioenergy Research. She has published her research work in high impact journals like PNAS, Global Change Biology-Bioenergy, Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment etc.

Affiliations and expertise

ICAR- Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), Karnal, India

Gyanendra Pratap Singh

Dr. G P Singh is currently research manager and director for the ICAR Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research with the responsibility of fulfilling the programme objective of ensuring food and nutrition security to all. Among his contributions are the development of 48 wheat & barley varieties including the HD 2967 & HD 3086 wheat which occupies nearly 50 % of the total area wheat production area. He received the Dr. Rafi Ahmed Kidwai, Dr. BP Pal and, Dr. V S Mathur Memorial Award, BGRI Gene Stewardship Award and Nanaji Deshmuk Outstanding team award, Dr. Amrik Singh Cheema Award, AIASA Agricultural Leadership Award. He is a fellow of National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Indian Society of Genetics and Plant Breeding, and Society for Advancement of Wheat and Barley Research; and is presently President of Society of Advancement of Wheat Research.

Affiliations and expertise

Director, ICAR, Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, India

Ashok Kumar Sarial

Prof Ashok Kumar Sarial, Vice-Chancellor, CSK HPKV, Palampur, HP. has more than three decades rich and varied experience in teaching and research. He is credited with transferring genes for grain length and developing World's longest grain Basmati variety Pusa 1121 released in 2003, world's first aromatic hybrid Basmati Pusa RH 10 parental lines, etc. He served as Fellow of Rockefeller Foundation at Texas University, USA and also worked as Expatriate Expert in World Bank/ UNDP sponsored programme of Ministry of Education, FDR Ethiopia. He is a decorated scientist with various awards, honours and recognitions including IARI Gold Medal, ICAR Jawahar Lal Nehru Award, ICAR recognition award. He was honoured by the farmers, Deptt. of Agriculture, Punjab and COA, Amritsar. HAU, Hisar honoured him with Best Teacher Award besides a Certificate of Honour and VC Appreciation Certificate. He is recipient of NCC Commandant Medal, Ministry of Defence.

Affiliations and expertise

CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India

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Improving Cereal Productivity through Climate Smart Practices

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Sindhu Sareen

Pradeep Sharma

Charan Singh

Poonam Jasrotia

Gyanendra Pratap Singh

Ashok Kumar Sarial

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