Immunogenetics: A Molecular and Clinical Overview

A Molecular Approach to Immunogenetics

1st Edition - November 29, 2021
Editors: Muneeb U Rehman, Azher Arafah, Md. Niamat Ali, Shafat Ali
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 0 0 5 3 - 9
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 0 3 3 5 - 6

A Molecular Approach to Immunogenetics, Immunogenetics: A Molecular and Clinical Overview, Volume One provides readers with an exclusive, updated overview on the scientifi… Read more

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A Molecular Approach to Immunogenetics, Immunogenetics: A Molecular and Clinical Overview, Volume One provides readers with an exclusive, updated overview on the scientific knowledge, achievements and findings in the field of immunogenetics. The book presents readily available, updated information on the molecular and clinical aspects of immunogenetics, from origin and development to clinical applications and future prospects. The breadth of information goes from basics to developments, clinical applications and future prospects. The book's most attractive attribute is its academic and clinical amalgamation that covers both the theoretical and practical aspects of immunogenetics.

An additional feature of the book is a special chapter on viral genetics that covers COVID-19. Above all, the book contains chapters that discuss immunogenetics in relation to pharmaco-genomics and immune-toxicology.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
List of contributors
Preface
Chapter 1. Origin and history of immunogenetics
Abstract
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Immunogenetics and discovery of blood groups
1.3 Origin of immunogenetics
1.4 Major histocompatibility complex
1.5 MHC class I
1.6 MHC class II
1.7 MHC class III
1.8 Immunogenetics and the spectrum of immune disorders
1.9 Autoimmune diseases
1.10 Neurological diseases
1.11 Infectious diseases
1.12 Atopic diseases
1.13 Conclusion
References
Chapter 2. Immunogenetics: the developmental course
Abstract
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Genetic defects associated with immune deficiency
2.3 B cell deficiency
2.4 T cell deficiency
2.5 Regulatory T cell deficiency
2.6 Phagocyte deficiency
2.7 Defects in cytokine signaling
2.8 Origin of immunogenetics
2.9 History of immunogenetics
2.10 Discovery of the major histocompatibility gene complex
2.11 Genetic organization of the human leukocyte antigen system
2.12 The most polymorphic human genomic region
2.13 Role of human leukocyte antigen in creating the first physical and genetic map of the human genome
2.14 Conclusion
References
Chapter 3. Basics of immunogenetics: application and future perspectives
Abstract
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Application of genomic procedures to major immunodeficiency syndromes
3.3 Biogenetic variation, functional genomics, and the immune system
3.4 Histocompatibility complex region of humans and neurological disease
3.5 Killer-immunoglobulin-like receptor network is a novel range of neural infection in genetics of immune system
3.6 Human leukocyte antigen antibody screening by ELISA
3.7 Flow cytometry and luminex techniques for the screening of human leukocyte antigen antibody
3.8 Human leukocyte antigen antibody identification
3.9 Polymerase chain reaction sequence-based typing
3.10 Polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primers or (PCR-SSP)
3.11 Future perspectives of immunogenetics
References
Chapter 4. Immunogenetics: a tool for anthropological studies
Abstract
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Human genetic diversity
4.3 HLA and KIR polymorphism
4.4 Gene frequency analysis
4.5 To Test disease associations
4.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 5. Immunogenetic surveillance to histocompatibility
Abstract
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Major Histocompatibility Complex genomics and human disease
5.3 The Major Histocompatibility Complex locus and genetic susceptibility to autoimmune and infectious diseases
5.4 Role of Major Histocompatibility Complex variants in human diseases
5.5 Genetic restraint of the immune reaction
5.6 Major Histocompatibility Complex class I chain-related molecule (MICA) antibodies in transplantation
5.7 Immune response to MICA
5.8 Conclusion and future perspectives
References
Chapter 6. Gestational immunogenetics: an overview
Abstract
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Placenta as an anatomical barrier
6.3 Placental human leucocyte antigen molecules
6.4 Immune responses at the fetomaternal interface
6.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 7. Gene polymorphisms and their role in autoimmunity
Abstract
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Autoimmunity and autoimmune genes
7.3 Toll like receptors polymorphism and effects on autoimmunity
7.4 Vitamin D receptor polymorphism and their role in autoimmunity
7.5 Major histocompatibility complex gene polymorphism and autoimmunity
7.6 Genetic polymorphism and autoimmune disorders
7.7 Immunogenetics and immune therapy
7.8 Conclusion
References
Chapter 8. Role of immunogenetics polymorphisms in infectious diseases
Abstract
8.1 Introduction
8.2 The major histocompatibility complex/human leukocyte antigen system: general structure and gene organization
8.3 Classification of major histocompatibility complex genes
8.4 Human leukocyte antigen system and the infectious diseases (function and association)
8.5 Human leukocyte antigen system and the human immunodeficiency virus
8.6 Human leukocyte antigen system and tuberculosis
8.7 Human leukocyte antigen system and malaria
8.8 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Disclosure/conflict of interest
Author’s contributions
References
Chapter 9. MicroRNAs and their role in immunogenetic-dysregulation
Abstract
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Genetic bases of immune response
9.3 miRNA regulating immune response
9.4 miRNA and immune tolerance
9.5 miRNA and immune checkpoint proteins
9.6 Conclusion
References
Further reading
Chapter 10. Immunogenetic causes of infertility
Abstract
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Immunogenetic factors as a cause of infertility
10.3 Conclusion
References
Chapter 11. Immunopharmacogenomics: clinical applications, challenges, and future prospects
Abstract
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Immunopharmacogenomics in cancer therapy
11.3 Immunopharmacogenomics in autoimmunity
11.4 Immunopharmacogenomics in food allergy
11.5 Immunopharmacogenomics and adverse drug reactions
11.6 Organ transplant rejection and immunopharmacogenomics
11.7 Challenges of immunopharmacogenomics
11.8 Future direction
11.9 Conclusion
References
Chapter 12. Immunopharmacology of Alzheimer’s disease
Abstract
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Innate immunity and Alzheimer’s disease
12.3 Alzheimer’s disease and interferons
12.4 Alzheimer’s disease and glial cells
12.5 Alzheimer’s dementia and microglia
12.6 Astrocytes and Alzheimer’s disease
12.7 Alzheimer’s disease and oligodendrocytes
12.8 Alzheimer’s dementia and glia barriers
12.9 Alzheimer’s disease and current immune-related therapies
12.10 Conclusion
References
Chapter 13. miRNAs: the genetic regulators of immunity
Abstract
13.1 Introduction
13.2 MicroRNA biogenesis
13.3 Immuno-miRNAs: vital immune regulators
13.4 miRNA-mediated regulation of T cell differentiation and function
13.5 Conclusion
References
Further reading
Chapter 14. Immunopharmacogenomics: a hope in the treatment of carcinoma
Abstract
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Cancer immunogenomics
14.3 Cancer genomic biomarkers
14.4 Cancer antigens and neoantigens
14.5 Cancer immunotherapy
14.6 Personalized cancer therapies
14.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 15. Immunopharmaco-genomics: future of clinical medicine
Abstract
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Adverse drug reactions
15.3 Genomics approaches to illuminate the complexity of drug response
15.4 Challenges for genetic association studies of IM-ADRs
15.5 Approaches to determine IM-ADR mechanisms
15.6 Role of immunopharmacogenomics in preventing IM-ADRs
15.7 Complexities of the human immune system
15.8 Applications of T cell receptors/B cell receptors sequencing
15.9 Future perspectives of immunopharmacogenomics
References
Index

Muneeb U Rehman

Muneeb U Rehman (Ph.D.) is a Faculty member at College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. He holds a doctorate in Toxicology (specialization in cancer biology and natural product research) from Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India. Dr. Rehman has more than 10 years of research and teaching experience in the field of toxicology, cancer biology, natural product pharmacology and pharmacogenomics. He is the recipient of several national and international fellowships and awards. He has published more than 100 research papers in peer-reviewed, international journals, and has 5 edited books and 30 book chapters. Dr. Rehman is on the editorial boards and is a reviewer of several high-impact, international scientific journals. He is also a life member of various international societies and organizations. Currently, Dr. Rehman is engaged in studying the molecular mechanisms of cancer prevention by natural products and the role of pharmacogenomics and toxicogenomics in evaluating the effectiveness and safety of drugs.

Affiliations and expertise

College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Azher Arafah

Azher Arafah works in the Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy at King Saud University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Affiliations and expertise

Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Md. Niamat Ali

Md. Niamat Ali (M. Phil, Ph.D.) is Director and Faculty member at Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India. After completing his doctorate in Zoology (Specialization in Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology), Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India in 1994. He worked as Research Associate and Pool Officer (CSIR, New Delhi) at the Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India till 2002. Later He joined Department of Zoology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India and worked there till 2013. Prof. Ali has more than 29 years of research experience and 25 years of teaching experience in Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology, Toxicogenomics, Human Genomics and Proteomics, Stem Cell Biology, Regenerative Medicine, Radiation Biology and Gene Therapy, Cell and Tissue Culture Technology and Ageing Biology, PCR and DNA Fingerprinting Technology, FISH Technology and Comet Assay and Biostatistics. He is the recipient of several fellowships and awards at both national and international levels. He is a Life Member of Indian Science Congress Association and Environmental Mutagen Society of India, India. Prof. Ali is handling many projects of national and international importance. He also has to his credit 65 research publications in peer-reviewed international journals and multiple book chapters in edited volumes with international publishers. Prof. Ali is on editorial board panel and reviewer of several high-impact international scientific journals from Springer, Elsevier and John Wiley. He also has served as Executive Editor of Journal/ Editor Souvenir and Abstract Book for Seminar and Conference/ Workshop Guide Books. Currently, Prof. Ali is involved in studying vermin-technology, eco-toxicology, fish toxicology, DNA bar-coding, cancer biology, congenital human diseases, immunogenetic mechanisms of Recurrent Pregnancy loss etc.

Affiliations and expertise

Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India

Shafat Ali

Shafat Ali (Ph.D.) pursued his BSc. from University of Kashmir and Masters in Zoology from Barkatullah Vishwavidyalaya, India. Currently he is engaged in research work for last 5 years at Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, and ICMR funded Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India, with specialization in the field of reproductive immunogenetics, cytokine biology, gynaecology and obstetrics, molecular biology, cancer biology and cytogenetics. He has 5 years of research experience and 5 years of teaching experience. He has more than 20 book chapters, several edited books and numerous peer-reviewed, international research publications to his credit. Mr. Ali is also the reviewer of many reputed international journals. Presently, Mr. Ali is involved in studying immunogenetic mechanisms involved in recurrent pregnancy loss

Affiliations and expertise

Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India