Immobilized Enzymes For Industrial Reactors
- 1st Edition - January 1, 1975
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Editor: Ralph Messing
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 4 1 2 2 1 9 - 2
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 4 1 3 2 - 1
Immobilized Enzymes for Industrial Reactors aims to guide the engineer and scientist along the path toward the industrial application of immobilized enzymes. It is necessary to… Read more
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Request a sales quoteImmobilized Enzymes for Industrial Reactors aims to guide the engineer and scientist along the path toward the industrial application of immobilized enzymes. It is necessary to identify the hazards and pitfalls that will be encountered, not only in the initial research efforts, but also during the final engineering phases of a commercial program. Each contributing factor in an immobilized enzyme system will be scrutinized by the authors in an effort to accomplish the overall objectives. This book comprises 10 chapters, with the first being an introduction to and general history of immobilized enzymes. The next chapters go on to discuss basic enzymology; controlled-pore glasses for enzyme immobilization; carriers; immobilization by adsorption and inorganic bridge formation; immobilization by covalent attachment and by entrapment; characteristics of free vs. immobilized enzymes; immobilized coenzymes; design and operation of immobilized enzyme reactors; and applications of immobilized enzymes. This book will be of interest to practitioners in the fields of chemistry and engineering.
Contributors
Preface
Chapter 1. Introduction and General History of Immobilized Enzymes
I. History of Enzymes
II. History of Immobilized Enzymes
III. The Proliferation of the Technology
IV. Reasons for Immobilizing Enzymes
V. Immobilization Techniques
VI. Proliferation of Carriers
VII. Reactors
VIII. Scope of the Technology
IX. Economic Considerations and Precautions
X. Enzyme Purity
References
Chapter 2. Basic Enzymology
I. Enzymes as Proteins
II. Enzymes as Catalysts
Effect of Time on Activity
Effect of Temperature on Activity
Effect of pH on Activity
Other Factors That Can Influence Activity
Effect of Substrate Concentration on Activity (Kinetic Expressions)
Effect of Inhibitors on Activity
Some Thermodynamic Considerations
III. Enzymes as Specific Catalysts
References
Chapter 3. Controlled-Pore Glasses for Enzyme Immobilization
I. Introduction
II. Preparation of Controlled-Pore Glasses
III. Surface Areas of Controlled-Pore Glasses
IV. Surface Properties of Porous Glass
V. Some Surface Reactions of Porous Glass
Esterification
Diazomethane Reactions
Surface Fluorination
Chlorination of Surfaces
Surface Reactions with Ammonia
Reaction with Organosilicon Compounds
VI. Durability of Controlled-Pore Glass
VII. Physical Characteristics of Controlled-Pore Glasses
VIII. Summary
References
Chapter 4. Carriers
I. Carrier Morphology and Configuration
II. Microbial Considerations
III. Selecting a Carrier
IV. Carrier Regeneration
V. Optimizing the Carrier
References
Chapter 5. Immobilization by Adsorption and Inorganic Bridge Formation
Adsorption
I. Definition
II. Promising Applications
III. Theory, Mechanisms and Application Considerations
IV. Example of Immobilization by Adsorption
Inorganic Bridge Formation
References
Chapter 6. Immobilization by Covalent Attachment and by Entrapment
I. Methods for the Covalent Attachment of Enzymes to Water Insoluble Carriers
II. Methods for Covalent Attachment of Proteins to Inorganic Supports
III. Copolymerization of Proteins
IV. Proteins Immobilized by Intermolecular Cross-Linking
V. Entrapment of Proteins within Polymer Matrices
VI. Microencapsulation
VII. Ultrafiltration and Hollow-Fiber Devices
References
Chapter 7. Characteristics of Free vs. Immobilized Enzymes
References
Chapter 8. Immobilized Coenzymes
References
Chapter 9. Design and Operation of Immobilized Enzyme Reactors
I. Introduction
II. Reactor Types
III. Immobilized Enzyme Reactor Performance
IV. Mass Transfer
External
Internal
V. Electrostatic Effects
VI. Backmixing
VII. Temperature
VIII. IME Activity Loss
IX. Heat Transfer
X. Pressure Drop
XI. IME Reactor Operating Strategy
XII. General Design Considerations for IME Systems
XIII. IME System Cost Estimate
References
Chapter 10. Applications of Immobilized Enzymes
I. Introduction
II. Immobilized Enzyme Applications
Hydrolysis of Proteins
Cheese Manufacturing
Conversion of Cornstarch to Dextrose
Conversion of Dextrose to Fructose
Hydrolysis of Lactose in Whey
L-Amino Acid Acylase for Amino Acid Resolution
Analytical Applications
Biomedical Applications
References
Subject Index
- Edition: 1
- Published: January 1, 1975
- No. of pages (eBook): 248
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN: 9780124122192
- eBook ISBN: 9780323141321
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