Hypertension, Cardiovascular Disease, Analgesics, and Endocrine Disorders

Contributors

Foreword

Preface

I Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia, and Cardiology

1 Current Concepts in the Treatment of Essential Hypertension

Introduction

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Summary

References

2 New Antihypertensive Drugs

Introduction

Prazosin

Minoxidil

Combination Therapy

Summary

References

3 Treatment Decisions in Mild Hypertension

Introduction

Design of the HDFP Study

Stepped Care Therapy

Results of Treatment of Mild Hypertension in the HDFP

Conclusion

References

4 Treatment of Malignant Hypertension and Hypertensive Crisis

Introduction

Malignant Hypertension

Hypertensive Crisis

Conclusion

References

5 Recent Innovations in the Pharmacology of Low-Output Congestive Heart Failure

Introduction

Pathophysiological Responses to Ventricular Dysfunction

Pharmacological Concepts

Conclusion

References

6 Pharmacotherapy of Cardiac Arrhythmia

Introduction

General Principles of Antiarrhythmic Therapy

Methods for Arrhythmia Diagnosis, Treatment, and Assessment of Treatment Efficacy

Classification of Antiarrhythmic Drugs

Summary

References

7 Update on Protective Lipids

Introduction

Risk Factors for Atherosclerosis

Lipoprotein Nomenclature

Lipid and Lipoprotein Metabolism

Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis

HDL—The Protective Lipid

Conclusions

References

8 Panel Discussion on Hypertension

9 Case Presentation and Discussion on Hypertension

Patient 1

Patient 2

Patient 3

II Endocrinology

10 Vitamin D and Calcium Metabolism

Introduction

Endocrine Control of Calcium Homeostasis

Renal-Vitamin D Endocrine System

Clinical Relevance of Vitamin D Endocrine System

Summary

References

11 Management of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

Introduction

Bone Calcium Dynamics

Differentiation of Osteomalacia from Osteoporosis

Radiographic Signs of Osteoporosis

Differential Diagnosis of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

Therapy of Osteoporosis

Summary

References

12 Oral Hypoglycemics

Introduction

Historical Background of the Sulfonylureas

First-Generation Sulfonylureas

Second-Generation Sulfonylureas

Conclusion

References

13 Recent Advances in Diabetes Research and Therapy

Introduction

New Diagnostic Criteria and Reclassification

The UGDP Study

Etiology of Diabetes

Determinants of Diabetic Control

Assessment of Diabetic Control

Review of Conventional and New Therapeutic Maneuvers in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus

Conclusion

References

14 New Dopamine Agonists in the Treatment of Hyperprolactinemia and Acromegaly

Introduction

History

Hyperprolactinemia

Dopamine Receptor Agonists

Bromocriptine

Conclusions

References

15 Panel Discussion on Osteoporosis

III Analgesics

16 Pharmacological and Other Effects of Opiate Agonists and Antagonists

Introduction

Pain

Opiate Agonists and Antagonists

Endogenous Opiate Peptides: Enkephalins and Endorphins

Conclusions

References

17 Narcotics in Myocardial Infarction

Introduction

Administration of Narcotics

Hemodynamic Effects of Morphine, Meperidine, Pentazocine, and Nalbuphine

Side Effects

Summary

References

18 Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Introduction

Influence of Pathogenesis on Treatment

Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Medications

Attempts to Induce Remission

Other Compounds and Procedures

Surgery

Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation

Conclusion

References

IV Miscellaneous

19 Management of Anaphylaxis

Introduction

Etiology

Pathogenesis

Clinical Manifestations

Pathological Findings

Differential Diagnosis

Treatment

Prevention

Summary

References

20 Rational, Serendipitous, and Other Means of Drug Development

Introduction

Chemical Methods

Pharmacological Methods

Clinical Trial Methods

Summary

References

Index