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Hydrology
An Advanced Introduction to Hydrological Processes and Modelling
1st Edition - January 1, 1979
Author: Arved J. Raudkivi
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 1 - 3 5 9 7 - 7
Hydrology: An Advanced Introduction to Hydrological Processes and Modelling introduces the reader to hydrological processes and methods of estimation of the various quantities… Read more
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Hydrology: An Advanced Introduction to Hydrological Processes and Modelling introduces the reader to hydrological processes and methods of estimation of the various quantities involved. Topics covered range from elements of meteorology to precipitation, evaporation and transpiration, interception, and flood routing. Extreme events, design flood, and small catchment runoff are also discussed. This book is comprised of 12 chapters and begins with an overview of hydrology and the hydrologic cycle, along with the world's water resources and their utilization and management. Subsequent chapters deal with atmospheric thermodynamics and atmospheric circulation; analysis and measurement of precipitation, evaporation, transpiration, and interception; infiltration of groundwater; and reservoir and stream routing. Storage for flood control and regulation for abatement of water shortage are also considered, along with stratification and siltation of reservoirs, catchment yield, and sediment yield and transport. The final chapter highlights the importance of information analysis and decision making in hydrological work. This monograph is written for senior and postgraduate students and should also be of value to practitioners of physics, mathematics, and civil engineering.
1. Introduction
1.1 Water Resources of the World
1.2 Transport Processes of Energy and Matter
1.3 Energy from the Sun
1.4 the Hydrologic Cycle
1.5 Utilization and Management of Water Resources
2. Elements of Meteorology
2.1 Atmospheric Thermodynamics
2.1.1 Changes of Phase and Latent Heat
2.1.2 Entropy and the Poisson Equation
2.1.3 the Latent Heat-Pressure-Temperature-Specific Volume Relationships
2.1.4 Processes during the Ascent and Descent of a Parcel of Air
2.1.5 Energy Equation and Lapse Rate in Saturated Air
2.1.6 Mixing of Air Masses
2.2 Thermodynamic Diagrams
2.3 Atmospheric Stability
2.4 Water Vapor Content of Air
2.5 Atmospheric Circulation
2.5.1 The Winds
2.5.2 Fronts
2.6 Standard Atmospheres
3. Precipitation
3.1 Measurement of Precipitation
3.2 Analysis of Precipitation Data
3.2.1 Intensity-Duration-Frequency Relationships
3.2.2 Depth-Area Relationships
3.2.3 Depth-Area-Duration Relationships
3.2.4 Maximization of Storms
3.2.5 General Information on Precipitation
4. Evaporation and Transpiration
4.1 Evaluation of Evaporation
4.1.1 Measurement of Evaporation
4.1.2 Empirical Evaporation Formula
4.1.3 Water Budget and Mass Transfer Methods
4.1.4 Energy Budget Method
4.2 Evaporation from Snow
4.3 Evapotranspiration
5. Interception
5.1 Measurement of Interception
5.2 Interception of Snow
6. Infiltration and Groundwater
6.1 Calculation of Infiltration Rate
6.2 Infiltration into Frozen Soils
6.3 Analysis of Moisture Movement in Partially Saturated Soil
6.4 Moisture Movement under Non-Isothermal Conditions
6.5 Measurement of Infiltration Rate
6.6 Groundwater
7. Runoff
7.1 Physical Characteristics of the Catchment
7.2 Climatic Factors
7.3 Hydrograph Analysis and the Unit Hydrograph
7.4 Modeling of the Hydrograph
7.5 Synthetic Unit Hydrographs
7.6 Runoff from Snowmelt
8. Flood Routing
8.1 Reservoir Routing
8.2 Stream Routing
8.2.1 Basic Equations
8.2.2 Diffusion Methods
8.2.3 Second Order Approximations
8.2.4 Celerity of the Flood Wave
8.2.5 The Muskingum-Cunge Method
8.2.6 Conclusions from the Flood Studies Report
9. Extreme Events, Design Flood and Small Catchment Runoff
9.1 Extreme Event
9.2 The Design Flood
9.2.1 Frequency Analysis
9.2.2. Transposition of Storms
9.2.3. Transposition of Depth-Area-Duration Relationships
9.2.4. Probable Maximum Precipitation Method
9.2.5. Regional Methods
9.2.6. Empirical Methods
9.3 Small Catchment Runoff
9.3.1 Agricultural Catchments
9.3.2 Urban Catchments
9.3.3 Detention of Stormwater
10. Flow Regulation, Catchment Yield, Sediment Yield
10.1 Storage for Flood Control
10.2 Regulation for Abatement of Water Shortage
10.3 Methods of Storage Calculation
10.4 Stratification of Reservoirs
10.5 Siltation of Reservoirs
10.6 Catchment Yield
10.7 Sediment Yield and Transport
11. Hydrological Modeling and Water Resources Systems
11 1 the Nature of Hydrological Data
11.2 Hydrological Models and Simulation
11.2.1 Classification of Mathematical Models
11.3 Generation of Sequences of a Single Hydrological Variable
11.3.1 Internally Independent Random Sequences
11.3.2 Sequences with Internal Persistence
11.3.3 The Thomas-Fiering Model
11.3.4 Generation of Data Sequences for Daily and Shorter Time Intervals
11.4 Generation of Sequences of Several Hydrological Variables
11.5 Hydrological Models
11.5.1 the API-Model
11.5.2 the USDAHL-70 Model
11.5.3 the Monash Model
11.5.4 the Stanford Watershed Model IV
11.5.5 Urban Runoff
11.6 Water Resources Systems
12. Analysis of Information
12.1 Frequency Distributions and Probability Paper
12.2 Parameter Estimation
12.3 Notes on Selected Distributions
12.4 Extreme Value Distributions
12.5 Partial Duration Series
12.6 Additional Remarks
12.7 Frequency Factor
12.8 Reliability of Results from Frequency Analysis
12.9 Use of Historical Data
12.10 Correlation and Regression Analysis
12.11 Risk
12.12 Time Series
References
Author Index
Subject Index
- No. of pages: 492
- Language: English
- Published: January 1, 1979
- Imprint: Pergamon
- eBook ISBN: 9781483135977