Hydrological Drought

Processes and Estimation Methods for Streamflow and Groundwater

2nd Edition - June 1, 2023

Editors: Lena M. Tallaksen, Henny A.J. van Lanen

Paperback ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 9 0 8 2 - 1

eBook ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 1 6 7 9 - 0

Hydrological Drought: Processes and Estimation Methods for Streamflow and Groundwater, Second Edition provides a comprehensive review of processes and estimation methods for… Read more

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Hydrological Drought: Processes and Estimation Methods for Streamflow and Groundwater, Second Edition provides a comprehensive review of processes and estimation methods for streamflow and groundwater drought. It includes a qualitative conceptual understanding of drought features and processes, a detailed presentation of estimation methods and tools, practical examples and impacts relevant for operational practice.The drought phenomenon and its diversity across the world are illustrated using a global set of daily streamflow series, whereas regional and local aspects of drought are studied using a combination of hydrological time series and catchment information. Hydrological Drought: Processes and Estimation Methods for Streamflow and Groundwater, Second Edition concludes with human impacts, including climate change impacts on drought, drought forecasting and early warning and examples of procedures on how to manage water during drought. The majority of the examples are taken from regions where the rivers run most of the year, but not　exclusively. The material presented ranges from well-established knowledge and analysing methods to recent developments in drought research. Its nature varies accordingly, from a more traditional textbook and clear overview to that of a research paper, which introduces recent approaches and methodologies for drought analysis.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contents on GitHub
List of contributors
Preface
Acknowledgements
Glossary
Abbreviations, symbols and catchment descriptors
Part I. Drought as a natural hazard
Chapter 1. Introduction
1.1. Scope
1.2. Hydrological drought
1.3. The drought hazard
1.4. International low flow and drought studies
1.5. Outline
1.6. Further reading
Chapter 2. Hydroclimatology
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Drought in different climates
2.3. Drought initiation and termination
2.4. Space-time variability
2.5. Climate change and drought
2.6. Summary
2.7. Further reading
Chapter 3. Drought-generating processes
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Catchment water balance
3.3. Soil system – unsaturated zone
3.4. Groundwater system – saturated zone
3.5. Surface water system
3.6. Hydrological drought in cold climates
3.7. Drought typology
3.8. Summary
3.9. Further reading
Part II. Estimation methods
Chapter 4. Hydrological data
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Definitions and concepts
4.3. Data for hydrological drought
4.4. Spatial and large-sample datasets
4.5. Example datasets
4.6. Summary
4.7. Further reading
Chapter 5. Hydrological drought characteristics
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Drought terminology
5.3. Low flow characteristics
5.4. Drought deficit characteristics
5.5. Standardised indices
5.6. Multivariate indices
5.7. Spatial drought characteristics
5.8. Application at large scale
5.9. Relationship between indices
5.10. Summary
5.11. Further reading
Chapter 6. Frequency analysis
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Basic probability concepts
6.3. Data for extreme value analysis
6.4. Probability distributions
6.5. Estimation methods
6.6. At-site frequency analysis
6.7. Regional frequency analysis
6.8. Severity-area-frequency curves
6.9. Summary
6.10. Further reading
Chapter 7. Statistical analysis of drought series
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Time-series modelling
7.3. Regression
7.4. Trend analysis
7.5. Spatio-temporal analysis
7.6. Novel methods
7.7. Summary
7.8. Further reading
Chapter 8. Regionalisation procedures – estimation at the ungauged site∗
8.1. Introduction
8.2. Physiographic similarity
8.3. Simple estimation methods
8.4. Regression methods
8.5. Geostatistical methods
8.6. Estimation from short records and spot gaugings
8.7. Hydrological mapping procedures for operational use
8.8. Summary
8.9. Further reading
Chapter 9. Process-based modelling
9.1. Introduction
9.2. Modelling chain: process-based models
9.3. (Spatially)lumped hydrological models
9.4. (Spatially) distributed hydrological models
9.5. Socio-hydrological models
9.6. Selection of process-based models to study hydrological drought
9.7. Summary
9.8. Further reading
Part III. Living with drought
Chapter 10. Human influence
10.1. Introduction
10.2. Concepts
10.3. Human interventions influencing low flow and hydrological drought
10.4. Approaches to analyse human-drought interactions
10.5. Examples of approaches of human interventions influencing hydrological drought
10.6. Choosing the most appropriate method
10.7. Summary
10.8. Further reading
Chapter 11. Past and future hydrological drought
11.1. Introduction
11.2. Distant past
11.3. Instrumental period
11.4. Future
11.5. Summary
11.6. Further reading
Chapter 12. Drought impacts
12.1. Introduction
12.2. Impact types
12.3. Impact data
12.4. Impact analysis
12.5. Linking impacts to drought indices
12.6. Summary
12.7. Further reading
Chapter 13. Drought Early Warning Systems: monitoring and forecasting
13.1. Introduction
13.2. Drought early warning systems: concepts
13.3. Monitoring
13.4. Forecasting
13.5. Drought Early Warning Systems: effectiveness and dissemination
13.6. Summary
13.7. Further reading
Appendices
Index

Lena M. Tallaksen

Dr. Tallaksen is Professor in Hydrology at the Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Norway. Tallaksen has been active within drought related international activities for 30 years. She is one of the coordinators and initiators of the European Drought Centre (EDC) - established in 2004, active member of the UNESCO-IHP FRIEND-Water programme (coordinator of the Northern European low flow and drought group from 1997 – 2006), on the Open Panels of CHy Experts OPACHE (World Meteorological Organisation: Floods and Droughts), contributing author of the Handbook on Low Flows (WMO), and National expert for the fifth and sixth IPCC reports. She has been on the review panels of several scientific boards for appointments and PhD evaluations and acted as reviewer for numerous scientific journals. In 2014 she was awarded the EGU Leonardo lecture for excellent Scientific Merits in Hydrology; granted in recognition of an outstanding contribution to low flow and drought hydrology.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor in Hydrology, Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

Henny A.J. van Lanen

Dr Van Lanen is an Associate Professor of Hydrology & Quantitative Water Management (Wageningen University, The Netherlands). For more than 2 decades, he has been actively involved in several drought-related international activities. He (co-)authored over 50 papers in peer-reviewed international journals, he was (co)-editor of 8 scientific books on drought, water scarcity and regional flow regimes. He wrote two XEROCHORE Science Policy Briefs and as project coordinator he was strongly involved in Drought Science-Policy Interfacing at different scales (from river basin to pan-Europe). Dr. Van Lanen presented over 30 keynotes on Drought and Water Scarcity in all continents of the world. He has supervised over 100 MSc and PhD students of Hydrology and Hydrogeology, mainly investigating drought in different parts of the world. He convened and lectured at several international summer schools on drought and water scarcity in Europe, Africa and Asia.

Affiliations and expertise

Associate Professor of Hydrology and Quantitative Water Management, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Gelderland, The Netherlands