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Hepatic Fibrosis

Mechanisms and Targets

1st Edition - April 23, 2022

Author: Pablo Muriel

Paperback ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 9 7 6 4 - 5

eBook ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 5 2 8 9 - 7

Hepatic Fibrosis: Mechanisms and Targets is a complete volume of liver extracellular matrix biology, including molecular signaling pathways, cells and factors that modulate… Read more

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Hepatic Fibrosis: Mechanisms and Targets is a complete volume of liver extracellular matrix biology, including molecular signaling pathways, cells and factors that modulate fibrogenesis and fibrosis. The book uses an integrated approach toward the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the synthesis and degradation of hepatic fibrotic tissue, emphasizing the possible molecular targets to fight fibrosis. This important reference describes, in detail and didactically, the cellular and molecular events that are conducive to fibrosis that leads to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and death. The provided information allows readers to understand the molecular mechanisms of hepatic fibrogenesis to accelerate the development of new therapies.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Preface
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1. The healthy and diseased extracellular matrix of the liver
Introduction
The extracellular matrix
Collagens
The wound healing response
Metalloproteinases in liver fibrosis
Conclusions
Chapter 2. From inflammation to fibrosis
Introduction
Cell death and fibrosis
The inflammasome and fibrosis
The hedgehog signaling pathway regulates inflammation in liver fibrosis
Hepatic macrophages and liver diseases
The role of gut dysbiosis in inflammation and fibrosis
Gut dysbiosis and liver diseases
Conclusions
Chapter 3. Cells, cytokines, and factors involved in profibrogenic pathways
Introduction
Mechanisms of hepatic stellate cell activity regulation
Cytokines and factors involved in profibrogenic pathways
Differential regulation of Smad pathways in acute and chronic liver damage
Inflammatory cytokines that promote fibrosis
Noncoding micro-RNA regulation of liver fibrosis
Other profibrogenic signaling pathways
Conclusions
Chapter 4. Role of free radicals in hepatic fibrogenesis
Introduction
Reactive oxygen species induce liver fibrosis
Role of reactive nitrogen species in liver fibrogenesis
Hepatic fibrogenesis can be regualted by nuclear factor-related factor-2
Conclusions
Chapter 5. Role of gut dysbiosis in chronic liver disease leading to fibrosis
Introduction
Dysbiosis is associated with the progression to fibrosis in chronic hepatic injury
The intestinal epithelium
Translocation of bacteria in chronic hepatic injury
Fibrosis and pattern recognition receptors
Toll-like receptors
NOD-like receptors in liver fibrosis
Cirrhosis and the microbiome
Conclusions
Chapter 6. Alcohol-induced liver fibrosis
Introduction
Alcohol intake and liver disease
The stages of alcoholic liver disease
Alcohol-induced fibrosis
Conclusions
Chapter 7. From fatty liver to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis with fibrosis
Introduction
Fatty liver
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and immune cells
From liver steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis with fibrosis
Role of hepatic stellate cell activation in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-induced fibrosis
Hepatocyte death may contribute to cell-cell profibrogenic networks
Molecular pathways that lead to hepatic stellate cell activation and NASH fibrosis
Metabolic alterations may induce nonalcoholic steatohepatitis fibrosis
Macrophages and fibrosis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Beneficial effects of hepatic stellate cells in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Conclusions
Chapter 8. Chronic viral hepatitis induced liver fibrosis
Introduction
Fibrosis induced by chronic hepatitis B
Fibrosis induced by chronic hepatitis C
Oxidant stress may induce fibrosis in hepatitis C/hepatitis B virus infection
Conclusions
Chapter 9. Fibrosis induced by chronic cholestatic diseases
Introduction
Chronic cholestasis leads to fibrogenesis
The role of bile acids in liver fibrogenesis
Biliary atresia
Conclusions
Chapter 10. Experimental models of hepatic fibrosis
Introduction
Alcohol-induced liver disease models
Animal models of advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis
Fibrosis induced by dietary models
Conclusions
Chapter 11. Monitoring of hepatic fibrosis
Introduction
Serological tests
Imaging tests
Sequential algorithms
Emerging technologies
Markers of collagen turnover
Conclusion
Index