Heat Recovery Steam Generator Technology

1. Introduction

• Abstract
• 1.1 Gas turbine–based power plants
• 1.2 Heat recovery steam generator (HRSG)
• 1.3 Focus and structure of book
• References

2. The combined cycle and variations that use HRSGs

• Abstract
• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Combining the Brayton and Rankine cycles
• 2.3 The central role of HRSGs in combined cycle design
• 2.4 Power cycle variations that use HRSGs
• 2.5 Conclusion
• Reference

3. Fundamentals

• Abstract
• Nomenclature
• Subscripts
• 3.1 Thermal design
• 3.2 Mechanical design
• References

4. Vertical tube natural circulation evaporators

• Abstract
• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Evaporator design fundamentals
• 4.3 Steam drum design
• 4.4 Steam drum operation
• 4.5 Specialty steam drums
• References

5. Economizers and feedwater heaters

• Abstract
• 5.1 Custom design
• 5.2 Standard design
• 5.3 Flow distribution
• 5.4 Mechanical details
• 5.5 Feedwater heaters
• Reference

6. Superheaters and reheaters

• Abstract
• 6.1 Introduction
• 6.2 General description of superheaters
• 6.3 Design types and considerations
• 6.4 Outlet temperature control
• 6.5 Base load vs fast startup and/or high cycling
• 6.6 Drainability and automation (coils, desuperheater, etc.)
• 6.7 Flow distribution
• 6.8 Materials
• 6.9 Conclusions

7. Duct burners

• Abstract
• 7.1 Introduction
• 7.2 Applications
• 7.3 Burner technology
• 7.4 Fuels
• 7.5 Combustion air and turbine exhaust gas
• 7.6 Physical modeling
• 7.7 Emissions
• 7.8 Maintenance
• 7.9 Design guidelines and codes
• References

8. Selective catalytic reduction for reduced NO_x emissions

• Abstract
• 8.1 History of SCR
• 8.2 Regulatory drivers
• 8.3 Catalyst materials and construction
• 8.4 Impact on HRSG design and performance
• 8.5 Drivers and advances in the SCR field
• 8.6 Future outlook for SCR
• References

9. Carbon monoxide oxidizers

• Abstract
• 9.1 Introduction
• 9.2 Oxidation catalyst fundamentals
• 9.3 The oxidation catalyst
• 9.4 The design
• 9.5 Operation and maintenance
• 9.6 Future trends
• Supplemental reading

10. Mechanical design

• Abstract
• 10.1 Introduction
• 10.2 Code of design: mechanical
• 10.3 Code of design: structural
• 10.4 Owner’s specifications and regulatory Body/organizational review
• 10.5 Pressure parts
• 10.6 Mechanical design
• 10.7 Pressure parts design flexibility
• 10.8 Structural components
• 10.9 Structural solutions
• 10.10 Piping and support solutions
• 10.11 Field erection and constructability
• 10.12 Fabrication
• 10.13 Conclusion
• References

11. Fast-start and transient operation

• Abstract
• 11.1 Introduction
• 11.2 Components most affected
• 11.3 Effect of pressure
• 11.4 Change in temperature
• 11.5 Materials
• 11.6 Construction details
• 11.7 Corrosion
• 11.8 Creep
• 11.9 HRSG operation
• 11.10 Life assessments
• 11.11 National Fire Protection Association purge credit
• 11.12 Miscellaneous cycling considerations
• References

12. Miscellaneous ancillary equipment

• Abstract
• 12.1 Introduction
• 12.2 Exhaust gas path components
• 12.3 Water/steam side components
• 12.4 Equipment access
• 12.5 Conclusion

13. HRSG construction

• Abstract
• 13.1 Introduction
• 13.2 Levels of modularization
• 13.3 Coil bundle modularization
• 13.4 Structural frame
• 13.5 Inlet ducts
• 13.6 Exhaust stacks
• 13.7 Piping systems
• 13.8 Platforms and secondary structures
• 13.9 Construction considerations for valves and instrumentation
• 13.10 Auxiliary systems
• 13.11 Future trends

14. Operation and controls

• Abstract
• 14.1 Introduction
• 14.2 Operation
• 14.3 Controls
• References

15. Developing the optimum cycle chemistry provides the key to reliability for combined cycle/HRSG plants

• Abstract
• Nomenclature
• 15.1 Introduction
• 15.2 Optimum cycle chemistry treatments
• 15.3 Major cycle chemistry-influenced damage/failure in combined cycle/HRSG plants
• 15.4 Developing an understanding of cycle chemistry-influenced failure/damage in fossil and combined cycle/HRSG plants using repeat cycle chemistry situations
• 15.5 Case studies
• 15.6 Bringing everything together to develop the optimum cycle chemistry for combined cycle/HRSG plants
• 15.7 Summary and concluding remarks
• 15.8 Bibliography and references
• References

16. HRSG inspection, maintenance and repair

• Abstract
• 16.1 Introduction
• 16.2 Inspection and maintenance
• 16.3 Repair
• References

17. Other/unique HRSGs

• Abstract
• 17.1 Vertical gas flow HRSGS
• 17.2 Once-through HRSG
• 17.3 Enhanced oil recovery HRSGs
• 17.4 Very high fired HRSGs
• References