Health and Environmental Effects of Ambient Air Pollution

Volume 1: Air Pollution, Human Health, and the Environment

1st Edition - April 2, 2024
Editors: Mohammad Hadi Dehghani, Rama Rao Karri, Teresa Vera, Salwa Kamal Mohamed Hassan
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 6 0 8 8 - 2
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 6 0 8 9 - 9

Health and Environmental Effects of Ambient Air Pollution is part of a series of three volumes for Air Pollution, Human Health, and the Environment. Volume 1 discusses the ad… Read more

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Health and Environmental Effects of Ambient Air Pollution is part of a series of three volumes for Air Pollution, Human Health, and the Environment. Volume 1 discusses the adverse consequences of ambient air pollutants on human health, animals, plants, and structures.
This book examines the production of ambient air pollutants in the environment. It begins with an overview of the classifications, sources, and occurrences of outdoor air pollutants. This book covers meteorological, climate, and topographical factors affecting air pollution, discusses how urbanization and industrialization affect air quality, and explores how climate conditions like global warming, acid rain, and airborne particulate matter impact human health. It also looks at epidemiology studies and socioeconomic aspects of outdoor air pollution, estimating health and cost effects, air quality indices, guidelines, standards, and information networks of ambient air pollutants. With contributors from experts in the field, this book is a valuable reference for academicians, researchers, and students in environmental health, public health, and occupational health, as well as environmental engineers, meteorologists, epidemiologists, medical researchers, and environmental toxicologists.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Dedication
List of contributors
About the editors
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Chapter 1. Classification, sources, and occurrence of outdoor air pollutants: a comprehensive overview
Abstract
Acronyms and molecular formulas
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Classification and types of outdoor air pollutants
1.3 Sources of outdoor air pollutants
1.4 Transport and dispersion of air pollutants
1.5 Occurrence of outdoor air pollutants
1.6 Regulations and mitigation strategies for outdoor air pollutants
1.7 Monitoring and data collection for outdoor air pollutants
1.8 Future outlook for outdoor air pollutants
1.9 Conclusions
References
Chapter 2. Effects of particulate matter on human health
Abstract
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Effects of particulate matter on
2.3 Estimation of health impacts
2.4 Imaging of the effects of particulate matter
2.5 Chronic effects at current PM level
2.6 Potential health effects from exposure to particulate matter
2.7 Effects on mortality at current pm levels
2.8 Visibility reduction
2.9 Specific air pollutants and associated health effects
2.10 Effects of heavy metal constituents of particulate matter on human health
2.11 Strategies to control
2.12 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 3. Effects of outdoor air pollutants on plants and agricultural productivity
Abstract
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Sources of pollutants in the atmosphere and their impacts on plants
3.3 Economic evaluation of crop loss due to air pollution in different countries
3.4 Bioremediation methods of air pollutants
3.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 4. Environmental and health effects of acid rain
Abstract
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Environmental effect of acid rain
4.3 Health effects of acid rain
4.4 Preventions for acid rain
4.5 Summary and conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 5. Environmental and health effects of global warming
Abstract
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Environmental effects of global warming
5.3 Health effects of global warming
5.4 Mitigation and adaptation strategies
5.5 Summary and conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 6. Age-specific gender-based deposition of size-segregated particulate matter in the human respiratory tract
Abstract
Abbreviations
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Methodology
6.3 Results and discussion
6.4 Limitations of the study
6.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 7. Epidemiological aspects of outdoor air pollution— link between air pollution and COVID-19
Abstract
List of acronyms
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Biomechanism of air pollutants affecting the transmission and severity of the SARS-CoV-2 virus
7.3 Air pollution and COVID-19 outcomes
7.4 Methodological limitations and recent advances
7.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 8. A review on the outdoor air pollutants in the Indo-Gangetic Plains of India: sources, health effects and remediation
Abstract
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Source of outdoor air pollutants
8.3 Scenario of the outdoor air pollutants
8.4 Mitigations and recommendations
8.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 9. Socio-economic aspects of outdoor air pollution
Abstract
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Socio-economic impacts of outdoor air pollution
9.3 Socio impact of outdoor air pollution
9.4 Mitigation and adaptation strategies for outdoor air pollution
9.5 Case studies
9.6 Future directions
9.7 Climate change and air pollution
9.8 Indoor air pollution
9.9 Air pollution and social disparities
9.10 Conclusion
References
Chapter 10. Effects of urbanization and industrialization on air quality
Abstract
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Urban-industrial air pollution and the impacts: country case studies
10.3 Urban-industrial atmospheric pollution challenges: environmental, social, and economic aspects
10.4 Urban-industrial air pollution mitigation strategy
10.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 11. Outdoor air pollution due to transportation, landfill, and incinerator
Abstract
List of acronyms
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Transportation-related air pollution
11.3 Landfills-related air pollution
11.4 Particulate matter
11.5 Polychlorinated biphenyl
11.6 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
11.7 Dioxins and furans
11.8 Volatile organic compounds
11.9 Incinerators-related air pollution
11.10 Environmental transport and exposure pathways
11.11 Health and ecological impacts of outdoor air pollutants from transportation, landfill, and waste incinerators
11.12 Conclusion
References
Chapter 12. Introduction to meteorology, weather, and climate
Abstract
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Weather and climate
12.3 Effects of climate
12.4 Monitoring climate and weather
12.5 Air quality and climate change
12.6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 13. Impact of the changing climate on air pollution, heat stress and human health
Abstract
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Impact of climate change on air pollution exposure and human health
13.3 Impact of climate change on heat stress
13.4 Vulnerable communities
13.5 Future projections of the impacts
13.6 Mitigation and adaptation need to avert the impacts
13.7 Maladaptation
13.8 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Index

Mohammad Hadi Dehghani

Prof. Mohammad Hadi Dehghani is a full professor at the Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. His scientific research interest is environmental science. He also has the distinction of being listed in the top 2% of the world’s most influential environmental sciences for the years 2021–23.

Affiliations and expertise

Full Professor, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Tehran, Iran

Rama Rao Karri

Dr. Rama Rao Karri is a professor (senior assistant) in the Faculty of Engineering at Universiti Teknologi Brunei. He has over 18 years of experience in academia, industry, and research. He has published 200+ research articles in reputed journals, book chapters, and conference proceedings.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor, Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology of Brunei, India

Teresa Vera

Dr. Teresa Vera is a chemical researcher with the CEAM Foundation at the EUPHORE installation (European Photoreactor), one of the largest research facilities in Spain and Europe to study atmospheric chemical processes. She obtained her PhD from the Valencia University and has more than 25 years of experience in the area of atmospheric chemistry.

Affiliations and expertise

Chemical Researcher, Fundación CEAM (EUPHORE Lab), Spain

Salwa Kamal Mohamed Hassan

Prof. Salwa Kamal Mohamed Hassan is a professor of air pollution chemistry in the Air Pollution Research Department at the Environment and Climate Change Research Institute, National Research Centre in Dokki, Giza, Egypt. Her main field of interest is air pollution monitoring and measurements, atmospheric photochemical reactions, the atmosphere's chemistry and chemical composition, and the study of pollutants in urban, industrial, and rural areas. She has about 30 years of experience in the area of atmospheric chemistry.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor of Air Pollution Chemistry in Air Pollution Research Department, Environment and Climate Change Research Institute, National Research Centre, Egypt