Handbook of Thermoplastic Elastomers

1 Introduction 1.1 Elasticity and Elastomers 1.2 Thermoplastic Elastomers2 Brief History of Thermoplastic Elastomers 3 Additives 3.1 Antioxidants 3.2 Light Stabilizers 3.3 Nucleating Agents 3.4 Flame Retardants 3.5 Colorants 3.6 Antistatic Agents 3.7 Slip Agents 3.8 Antiblocking Agents 3.9 Processing Aids 3.10 Fillers and Reinforcements 3.11 Plasticizers 3.12 Other Additives 3.13 Selection of Additives 3.14 Health, Hygiene, and Safety4 Processing Methods Applicable to Thermoplastic Elastomers 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Mixing and Blending 4.3 Extrusion 4.4 Injection Molding 4.5 Compression Molding 4.6 Transfer Molding 4.7 Blow Molding 4.8 Rotational Molding 4.9 Foaming of Thermoplastics 4.10 Thermoforming 4.11 Calendering 4.12 Secondary Manufacturing Processes 4.13 General Processing Technology of TPEs 4.14 Process Simulation 4.15 Product Development and Testing5 Styrenic Block Copolymers 5.1 Introduction 5.2 PolystyreneûPolydiene Block Copolymers 5.3 SBCs Synthesized by Carbocationic Polymerization 6 Thermoplastic Elastomers Prepared by Dynamic Vulcanization 6.1 Introduction 6.2 The Dynamic Vulcanization Process 6.3 Properties of Blends Prepared by Dynamic Vulcanization 6.4 Processing and Fabrication of TPVs7 Polyolefin-Based Thermoplastic Elastomers 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Thermoplastic Polyolefin Blends 7.3 Morphology 7.4 Properties of TPOs 7.5 Processing of TPOs 7.6 Painting of TPOs8 Thermoplastic Elastomers Based on Halogen-Containing Polyolefins 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Blends of PVC with Nitrile Rubber (NBR) 8.3 Blends of PVC with Other Elastomers 8.4 Melt-Processable Rubber 8.5 Thermoplastic Fluorocarbon Elastomer9 Thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomers 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Synthesis of TPUs 9.3 Morphology 9.4 Thermal Transitions 9.5 Properties 9.6 Processing of TPUs 9.7 Blends of TPU with Other Polymers 9.8 Bonding and Welding10 Thermoplastic Elastomers Based on Polyamides 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Synthesis 10.3 Morphology 10.4 StructureûProperty Relationships 10.5 Physical and Mechanical Properties 10.6 Chemical and Solvent Resistance 10.7 Electrical Properties 10.8 Other Properties 10.9 Compounding 10.10 Processing 10.11 Bonding and Welding11 Thermoplastic Polyether Ester Elastomers 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Synthesis 11.3 Morphology 11.4 Properties of Commercial COPEs 11.5 COPE Blends 11.6 Processing12 Ionomeric Thermoplastic Elastomers 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Synthesis 12.3 Morphology 12.4 Properties and Processing13 Other Thermoplastic Elastomers 13.1 Elastomeric Star Block Copolymers 13.2 TPEs Based on Interpenetrating Networks 13.3 TPE Based on Polyacrylates14 Thermoplastic Elastomers Based on Recycled Rubber and Plastics 14.1 Introduction 14.2 EPDM Scrap 14.3 Butadiene-acrylonitrile Rubber (NBR) Scrap 14.4 Recycled Rubber 14.5 Waste Latex 14.6 Waste Plastics15 Applications of Thermoplastic Elastomers 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Applications for Styrenic TPEs 15.3 Applications of Thermoplastic Vulcanizates (TPVs) and ETPVs 15.4 Applications of Thermoplastic Polyolefin Elastomers (TPOs) 15.5 Applications of Melt-Processable Rubber (MPR) 15.6 Applications of PVC Blends 15.7 Application of TPUs 15.8 Application of Thermoplastic Polyether Ester Elastomers 15.9 Applications of Polyamide TPEs 15.10 Applications of Ionomeric TPEs 15.11 Applications of Other TPEs16 Recycling of Thermoplastic Elastomers 16.1 Introduction 16.2 Recycling Methods for Thermoplastic Elastomers (TPEs)17 Recent Developments and Trends 17.1 Current State 17.2 Drivers for the Growth of TPEs 17.3 Trends in Technical Development 17.4 Other New DevelopmentsAppendix 1: Books, Conferences, Major Review ArticlesAppendix 2: Major Suppliers of Thermoplastic Elastomers and CompoundsAppendix 3: ISO Nomenclature for Thermoplastic ElastomersAppendix 4: Processing Data Sheets for Commercial Thermoplastic Elastomers and CompoundsAppendix 5: Technical Data Sheets for Commercial Thermoplastic Elastomers and CompoundsAppendix 6: Recent TPE PatentsGlossaryIndex