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Handbook of Nonwovens
- 2nd Edition - May 31, 2022
- Author: S. J. Russell
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 8 9 1 2 - 2
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 8 9 1 3 - 9
Handbook of Nonwovens, Second Edition updates and expands its popular interdisciplinary treatment of the properties, processing, and applications of nonwovens. Initial chapte… Read more
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Request a sales quoteHandbook of Nonwovens, Second Edition updates and expands its popular interdisciplinary treatment of the properties, processing, and applications of nonwovens. Initial chapters review the development of the industry and the different classes of nonwoven material. The book then discusses methods of manufacture such as dry-laid, wet-laid, and polymer-laid web formation. Other techniques analyzed include mechanical, thermal, and chemical bonding, as well as chemical and mechanical finishing systems. The book concludes by assessing the characterization, testing, and modeling of nonwoven materials.
Covering an unmatched range of materials with a variety of compositions and manufacturing routes, this remains the indispensable reference to nonwovens for designers, engineers, materials scientists, and researchers, particularly those interested in the manufacturing of automotive, aerospace, and medical products. Nonwovens are a unique class of textile material formed from fibers that are bonded together through various means to form a coherent structure. The range of properties they can embody make them an important part of a range of innovative products and solutions, which continues to attract interest from industry as well as academia.
Covering an unmatched range of materials with a variety of compositions and manufacturing routes, this remains the indispensable reference to nonwovens for designers, engineers, materials scientists, and researchers, particularly those interested in the manufacturing of automotive, aerospace, and medical products. Nonwovens are a unique class of textile material formed from fibers that are bonded together through various means to form a coherent structure. The range of properties they can embody make them an important part of a range of innovative products and solutions, which continues to attract interest from industry as well as academia.
- Describes in detail the manufacturing processes of a range of nonwoven materials
- Provides detailed coverage of the mechanical and thermal properties of non-woven fabrics
- Includes extensive updates throughout on the characterization and testing of nonwovens
- Explains how to model nonwoven structures
MSc students and researchers with an interest in the properties of nonwoven materials. Product designers, technical managers, testing and characterisation staff, manufacturing engineers, and materials engineers working with nonwoven materials
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Contributors
- Acknowledgements
- Chapter 1: Development of the nonwovens industry
- Abstract
- 1.1: Definition and classification
- 1.2: Dry, wet and spunlaid nonwovens
- 1.3: Web forming
- 1.4: Bonding
- 1.5: Raw materials
- 1.6: Market structure and development
- Chapter 2: Overview of nonwoven product applications
- Abstract
- 2.1: Introduction
- 2.2: The service life of nonwovens
- 2.3: General categories of end-use application
- 2.4: Absorbent hygiene products
- 2.5: Wipes
- 2.6: Food and beverage
- 2.7: Household and home furnishings
- 2.8: Clothing and footwear
- 2.9: Building and construction
- 2.10: Geosynthetics
- 2.11: Automotive and transportation
- 2.12: Filtration
- 2.13: Agriculture and horticulture
- 2.14: Healthcare and medical
- 2.15: Energy storage, fuel cells, and electronics
- References
- Chapter 3: Raw materials and polymer science for nonwovens
- Abstract
- 3.1: Introduction
- 3.2: Fundamentals of polymer science
- 3.3: Synthetic polymers for nonwovens
- 3.4: Regenerated cellulosics and man-made fibres derived from natural polymers
- 3.5: Natural fibres for nonwovens
- 3.6: Inorganic fibres for nonwovens
- 3.7: Metal fibres
- 3.8: Recycled materials
- 3.9: Other polymer materials for nonwovens
- 3.10: Outlook
- References
- Chapter 4: Drylaid web formation
- Abstract
- 4.1: Introduction
- 4.2: Selection of fibres for carding
- 4.3: Opening of fibres
- 4.4: Mixing and blending
- 4.5: Carding
- 4.6: Roller operations
- 4.7: Card clothing
- 4.8: Carding machine configurations
- 4.9: Card feed control, weight measurement, and other control systems
- 4.10: Cross-lapping
- 4.11: Batt drafting
- 4.12: Vertically lapped (perpendicular-laid) web formation
- 4.13: Introduction to airlaid web formation
- 4.14: Airlaying technology
- 4.15: Developments in airlaying
- 4.16: Airflow and fibre dynamics in airlaying
- 4.17: Bonding of airlaid webs
- 4.18: Physical properties and practical applications of airlaid fabrics
- 4.19: Direct feed batt formation
- 4.20: Additive drylaid web formation
- References
- Chapter 5: Wetlaid web formation
- Abstract
- 5.1: Introduction
- 5.2: General web forming principles
- 5.3: Fibre selection
- 5.4: Chemico-physical considerations
- 5.5: Machinery and equipment
- 5.6: Summary
- References
- Chapter 6: Spunbond and meltblown web formation
- Abstract
- 6.1: Introduction
- 6.2: Historical context
- 6.3: Polymer resins used in spunbonding and meltblowing processes
- 6.4: Spunbond fabric production
- 6.5: Spunbond production systems
- 6.6: Bonding techniques
- 6.7: Operating variables in the spunbond process
- 6.8: Structure and properties of spunbond fabrics
- 6.9: Spunbond fabric applications
- 6.10: Meltblown fabric production
- 6.11: Meltblown web characterisation techniques
- 6.12: Characteristics and properties of meltblown fabrics
- 6.13: Meltblown fabric applications
- 6.14: Bicomponent spunlaid production processes
- 6.15: Mechanics of the spunbond and meltblown processes
- 6.16: Alternative extrusion processes for nonwoven production
- 6.17: Recent developments
- 6.18: Concluding remarks
- References
- Chapter 7: Nanofibre and submicron fibre web formation
- Abstract
- 7.1: Introduction
- 7.2: Nanofibre and submicron fibre production techniques
- 7.3: Materials and structures
- 7.4: Applications of nanofibrous webs and nonwovens
- 7.5: Industrial manufacturing capacity
- 7.6: Future developments
- References
- Chapter 8: Mechanical bonding
- Abstract
- Acknowledgments
- 8.1: Introduction to stitch bonding
- 8.2: The Maliwatt and Malivlies stitch bonding systems
- 8.3: The Malimo stitch bonding system
- 8.4: Malipol
- 8.5: Voltex
- 8.6: Kunit
- 8.7: Multiknit stitch bonding systems
- 8.8: Developments in stitch bonding
- 8.9: Introduction to needlepunching
- 8.10: Needle design and selection
- 8.11: Penetration depth and other factors affecting needle use
- 8.12: Needlepunching technology
- 8.13: Needlepunched fabric structure and strength
- 8.14: Applications of needlepunched fabrics
- 8.15: Introduction to hydroentanglement
- 8.16: Mechanism of hydroentanglement and fabric structure
- 8.17: Fibre selection for hydroentanglement
- 8.18: Process layouts in hydroentanglement
- 8.19: Hydroentanglement process technology
- 8.20: Applications of hydroentangled fabrics
- References
- Chapter 9: Chemical bonding
- Abstract
- 9.1: Introduction
- 9.2: Chemical binder polymers
- 9.3: Mechanism of chemical bonding
- 9.4: Methods of binder application
- 9.5: Drying
- 9.6: Applications of chemically bonded nonwovens
- References
- Chapter 10: Thermal bonding
- Abstract
- 10.1: Introduction
- 10.2: Principle of thermal bonding
- 10.3: Raw materials
- 10.4: Calender bonding
- 10.5: Through-air and impingement bonding
- 10.6: Thermal radiation/infrared and ultrasonic bonding
- 10.7: Thermally bonded fabric structure
- 10.8: Applications of thermally bonded fabrics
- References
- Chapter 11: Finishing of nonwoven fabrics
- Abstract
- Acknowledgements
- 11.1: Introduction
- 11.2: Finishing of nonwoven fabrics
- 11.3: Wet finishing methods
- 11.4: Lamination
- 11.5: Dry-particle impregnation
- 11.6: Grafting
- 11.7: Vapour deposition processes
- 11.8: Plasma treatment of nonwovens
- 11.9: Molecular imprinting
- 11.10: Microencapsulation
- 11.11: Splitting
- 11.12: Perforating
- 11.13: Microcreping
- 11.14: Conventional wet finishes
- 11.15: Application of dyes and pigments
- 11.16: Converting processes
- References
- Chapter 12: Characterisation, testing, and modelling of nonwoven fabrics
- Abstract
- 12.1: Introduction: Characterisation of nonwoven fabrics
- 12.2: Characterisation of fabric bond structure
- 12.3: General standards for testing nonwovens
- 12.4: Measurement of basic nonwoven structural parameters
- 12.5: Fibre orientation distribution (FOD) and its measurement using image analysis
- 12.6: Measuring porosity, pore size, and pore size distribution
- 12.7: Measuring gas and liquid permeability
- 12.8: Measuring water vapour transmission rate [176]
- 12.9: Measuring wetting and liquid absorption
- 12.10: Measuring thermal conductivity and insulation
- 12.11: Measuring tensile properties
- 12.12: Measuring fabric tactile properties
- 12.13: Modelling tensile strength
- 12.14: Modelling bending rigidity [244]
- 12.15: Modelling pore size and pore size distribution
- 12.16: Modelling specific permeability
- 12.17: Modelling capillary wicking
- 12.18: Modelling liquid absorbency and retention
- 12.19: Modelling thermal resistance and thermal conductivity
- 12.20: Modelling acoustic impedance [312–315]
- 12.21: Modelling air filtration properties
- 12.22: Influence of fibre orientation distribution on the properties of thermal-bonded nonwoven fabrics
- References
- Index
- No. of pages: 650
- Language: English
- Edition: 2
- Published: May 31, 2022
- Imprint: Woodhead Publishing
- Paperback ISBN: 9780128189122
- eBook ISBN: 9780128189139
SR
S. J. Russell
Dr Stephen Russell is a Senior Lecturer in the Centre for Technical Textiles, University of Leeds and the Director of the Nonwovens Research Group (NRG), UK.
Affiliations and expertise
Senior Lecturer in the Centre for Technical Textiles, University of Leeds and the Director of the Nonwovens Research Group (NRG), UK