Handbook of Natural Gas Transmission and Processing
- 2nd Edition - July 2, 2012
- Authors: Saeid Mokhatab, William A. Poe
- Language: English
A unique, well-documented, and forward-thinking work, the second edition of Handbook of Natural Gas Transmission and Processing continues to present a thoroughly updated,… Read more
A unique, well-documented, and forward-thinking work, the second edition of Handbook of Natural Gas Transmission and Processing continues to present a thoroughly updated, authoritative, and comprehensive description of all major aspects of natural gas transmission and processing. It provides an ideal platform for engineers, technologists, and operations personnel working in the natural gas industry to get a better understanding of any special requirements for optimal design and operations of natural gas transmission pipelines and processing plants.
- First book of its kind that covers all aspects of natural gas transmission and processing
- Provides pivotal updates on the latest technologies, which have not been addressed in-depth in any existing books
- Offers practical advice for design and operation based on sound engineering principles and established techniques
- Examines ways to select the best processing route for optimal design of gas-processing plants
- Contains new discussions on process modeling, control, and optimization in gas processing industry
Petroleum Engineers, Pipeline Engineers, Chemical Engineers, any engineer working with natural gas
Endorsements for the Second
Dedication
Foreword
Preface to the Second Edition
Authors Biographical Sketches
Chapter 1. Natural Gas Fundamentals
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Natural Gas History
1.3 Natural Gas Origin and Sources
1.4 Natural Gas Composition and Classification
1.5 Natural Gas Phase Behavior
1.6 Natural Gas Properties
1.7 Natural Gas Reserves
1.8 Natural Gas Exploration and Production
1.9 Natural Gas Transportation
1.10 Dynamics of Global Gas Business
1.11 REFERENCES
Chapter 2. Natural Gas Energy Pricing
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Energy Pricing, Supply, and Demand
2.3 Sustainability and the Increasing Fascination with Natural Gas
2.4 Is Natural Gas Always “Nonrenewable”?
2.5 U.S. Natural Gas: Pricing, Markets, Risk Management, and Supply
2.6 Natural Gas in Eurasia: the Special Position of Post-Soviet Russia
2.7 Looking to Nature for a New Model
2.8 REFERENCES
Chapter 3. Raw Gas Transmission
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Multiphase Flow Terminology
3.3 Multiphase Flow Regimes
3.4 Determining Multiphase Flow Design Parameters
3.5 Predicting Temperature Profile of Multiphase Pipelines
3.6 Velocity Criteria for Sizing Multiphase Pipelines
3.7 Multiphase Pipeline Operations
3.8 Multiphase Flow Assurance
3.9 REFERENCES
Chapter 4. Basic Concepts of Natural Gas Processing
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Scope of Natural Gas Processing
4.3 Typical Setup of Gas Processing Plants
4.4 Finding the Best Gas Processing Route
4.5 REFERENCES
Chapter 5. Phase Separation
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Gravity Separators
5.3 Multistage Separation
5.4 Centrifugal Separators
5.5 Twister Supersonic Separator
5.6 Slug Catchers
5.7 High-Efficiency Liquid-Gas Coalescers
5.8 High-Efficiency Liquid–Liquid Coalescers
5.9 REFERENCES
Chapter 6. Condensate Stabilization
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Stabilization Processes
6.3 Condensate Storage
6.4 REFERENCES
Chapter 7. Natural Gas Sweetening
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Gas Sweetening Processes
7.3 Liquid-Phase Processes
7.4 Dry-Bed Processes
7.5 Membranes
7.6 Cryogenic Fractionation
7.7 Other Processes
7.8 Process Selection
7.9 REFERENCES
Chapter 8. Sulfur Recovery and Handling
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Sulfur Properties
8.3 Sulfur Recovery
8.4 Tail Gas Treating
8.5 Sulfur Degassing
8.6 Sulfur Storage and Handling
8.7 Sulfur Disposal by Acid Gas Injection
8.8 REFERENCES
Chapter 9. Natural Gas Dehydration
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Water Content Determination
9.3 Glycol Dehydration
9.4 Solid Desiccant Dehydration
9.5 Process Selection
9.6 REFERENCES
Chapter 10. Natural Gas Liquids Recovery
10.1 Introduction
10.2 NGL Recovery Processes
10.3 NGL Fractionation
10.4 Liquids Processing
10.5 REFERENCES
Chapter 11. Natural Gas Compression
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Reciprocating Compressors
11.3 Centrifugal Compressors
11.4 Comparison Between Compressors
11.5 Compressor Selection
11.6 Thermodynamics of Gas Compression
11.7 Real Gas Behavior and Equations of State
11.8 Compression Ratio
11.9 Compression Design
11.10 Compressor Control
11.11 Compressor Performance Maps
11.12 Example for Operating a Compressor in a Pipeline System
11.13 REFERENCES
Chapter 12. Sales Gas Transmission
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Gas Flow Fundamentals
12.3 Predicting Gas Temperature Profile
12.4 Transient Flow in Gas Transmission Pipelines
12.5 Compressor Stations and Associated Pipeline Installations
12.6 Design Considerations of Sales Gas Pipelines
12.7 Pipeline Operations
12.8 REFERENCES
Chapter 13. Selecting the Best Gas Processing Route
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Proposed Technologies for Designing Gas Processing Plants
13.3 Proposed Process Treating Lineups
13.4 REFERENCES
Chapter 14. Process Control Fundamentals
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Dynamic Process Characteristics
14.3 Closed-Loop Control
14.4 Control Loop Tuning
14.5 REFERENCES
Chapter 15. Process Modeling in the Natural Gas Processing Industry
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Modeling and Identification Techniques
15.3 Artificial Intelligence and Knowledge-Based Systems
15.4 Implementing a Knowledge-Based System
15.5 Modeling Dynamic Systems
15.6 Artificial Neural Network Application
15.7 Time Series Models
15.8 State-Space Models
15.9 Process Simulation
15.10 REFERENCES
Chapter 16. Gas Processing Plant Controls and Automation
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Early Methods of Gas Plant Automation
16.3 Microprocessor-Based Automation
16.4 Control of Equipment and Process Systems
16.5 Automation Applications
16.6 Condensate Stabilizer Case Study
16.7 REFERENCES
Chapter 17. Dynamic Simulation of Gas Processing Plants
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Areas of Application of Dynamic Simulation
17.3 Modeling Considerations
17.4 Control of Equipment and Process Systems
17.5 Case Study I: Analysis of a Fuel Gas System Start-up
17.6 Case Study II: Online Dynamic Model of a Trunk Pipeline
17.7 REFERENCES
Chapter 18. Real-Time Optimization of Gas Processing Plants
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Real-Time Optimization
18.3 Real-Time Optimization Project Considerations
18.4 Example of Real-Time Optimization
18.5 REFERENCES
Chapter 19. Environmental Aspects of the Natural Gas Supply Chain
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Atmospheric Impacts
19.3 Aquatic Impacts
19.4 Terrestrial and Ecological Impacts
19.5 Noise Impact
19.6 Other Environmental Impacts of Natural Gas Processing
19.7 Regulatory Framework
19.8 Performance Indicators and Monitoring
19.9 Environmental Impact Assessement of Natural Gas Production and Processing
19.10 Waste Minimization and Pollution Prevention in Gas Processing Operations
19.11 REFERENCES
Chapter 20. Maximizing Profitability of Gas Plant Assets
20.1 Introduction
20.2 The Performance Strategy: Integrated Gas Plant
20.3 Strategies for Organizational Behavior and Information
20.4 Organizational Behavior Model
20.5 The Successful Information Strategy
20.6 The Impact of Living with Information Technology
20.7 Vision of the Modern Plant Operation
20.8 Operations Strategy
20.9 Model-Based Asset Management
20.10 Optimization
20.11 Industrial Relevance
20.12 The Technology Integration Challenge
20.13 Scientific Approach
20.14 Other Miscellaneous Initiatives
20.15 Conclusion
20.16 REFERENCES
Chapter 21. Gas Plant Project Management
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Project Management Overview
21.3 Industry Perspective
21.4 The Project Management Process
21.5 Project Controls
21.6 Quality Assurance
21.7 Commissioning and Start-up
21.8 Operate and Evaluate
21.9 Project Closeout
21.10 Conclusion
21.11 REFERENCES
APPENDIX 1. Three-Phase Flash Calculation for Hydrocarbon Systems Containing Water
APPENDIX 2. Conversion Factors
APPENDIX 3. Physical Properties of Fluids
APPENDIX 4. Glossary
Index
- Edition: 2
- Published: July 2, 2012
- Language: English
SM
Saeid Mokhatab
Saeid Mokhatab is a distinguished process technology expert in the field of natural gas transmission and processing. Over the past two decades, he has been actively involved in various phases of several large-scale projects in the natural gas midstream sector, from conceptual design to facility startup and operational support. In addition to his project work, Saeid has also provided consulting and advisory services to a number of technology-driven and operating companies in Canada and Europe. He has made significant contributions to his field through more than 300 technical papers and four reference books, published by Elsevier, two of which have been translated into multiple languages and are recognized globally as essential resources in both industry and academia. Driven by a commitment to bridging the gap between industry and academia, Saeid founded an international peer-reviewed journal dedicated to natural gas science and engineering, which is now recognized as one of the foremost publications in the field. He has also contributed to the natural gas industry through editorial roles in respected journals and industry magazines, along with active participation in prominent global organizations and conferences.
Affiliations and expertise
Consultant – Natural Gas Midstream Industry, Arendal, NorwayWP
William A. Poe
William A. “Bill” Poe is a Senior Principal Technical Consultant at AVEVA, the United States. He has over 35 years of international business and industrial experience in design, operations and project management of gas processing plants with a special focus on automation, multivariable predictive control (MPC), advanced process control (APC), optimization design and implementation, and real-time performance monitoring. Bill started his career at Shell Oil Company, USA, in 1981, working over a decade in natural gas processing plants operations and engineering as well as management of multimillion-dollar projects. In 1993, he joined Continental Controls to lead the process engineering department in support of executing contracts with the Gas Research Institute, USA, where he developed new multivariable control applications in the natural gas industry. After joining GE as part of the Continental Controls acquisition, he became vice president of this division of GE where his responsibilities included direction of product development, projects, technical sales support, and customer service for multivariable control and optimization applications in the natural gas industry. In 2001, Bill joined Invensys Process Systems, USA, where he has developed APC and Optimization Master Plans for international companies such as Saudi Aramco, ADNOC, Statoil, and PDVSA, as well as automation and advanced process control feasibility studies for over 100 natural gas processing plants worldwide. After Schneider Electric acquired Invensys Process Systems in 2014 and merged its software division with AVEVA in 2018, he has continued to work with the top gas processing companies. Bill is an Associate Editor of the Journal of Natural Gas Science & Engineering, has authored or co-authored more than 60 technical papers, and made numerous technical presentations at prestigious international conferences. He received the GE Innovators Award in 1999 and attained the Invensys Circle of Excellence in 2011.
Affiliations and expertise
Senior Principal Technical Consultant, AVEVA, USARead Handbook of Natural Gas Transmission and Processing on ScienceDirect