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Halophytes for Food Security in Dry Lands
1st Edition - September 15, 2015
Authors: Muhammad Ajmal Khan, Munir Ozturk, Bilquees Gul, Muhammad Zaheer Ahmed
Paperback ISBN:9780128018545
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 0 1 8 5 4 - 5
eBook ISBN:9780128018804
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 0 1 8 8 0 - 4
Halophytes for Food Security in Dry Lands addresses the concerns surrounding global food scarcity, especially focusing on those living in arid and dry lands The book touches on… Read more
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Halophytes for Food Security in Dry Lands
addresses the concerns surrounding global food scarcity, especially focusing on those living in arid and dry lands
The book touches on food crises in dry regions of the world and proposes halophytes as an alternate source of consumption for such areas. Halophytes, those plants that thrive in saline soil and provide either food source options themselves, or positively enhance an eco-system’s ability to produce food, and are thus an important and increasingly recognized option for addressing the needs of the nearly 1/6 of the world’s population that lives in these arid and semi-arid climates.
Including presentations from the 2014 International Conference on Halophytes for Food Security in Dry Lands, this book features insights from the leading researchers in the subject. It is a valuable resource that includes information on the nutritional value of halophytes, their genetic basis and potential enhancement, adaption of halophytes, and lessons learned thus far.
Provides comprehensive coverage of the importance and utilization of halophytes to compensate the demand of food in whole world especially in the dry regions
Contains insights from ecological to molecular fields
Includes edible halophytes as well as those that enhance food-producing eco-systems
Presents information for improving abiotic stress tolerance in plants
Researchers, professionals and students in agriculture, ecology and ecosystem functioning, botany, landscape planning, hydrology, and geomorphology
Foreword by Sheikha Abdulla Al Misnad
Foreword by Eiman Al-Mustafawi
List of Contributors
Introduction
1. Characterization and Function of Sodium Exchanger Genes in Aeluropus lagopoides Under NaCl Stress
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Materials and Methods
1.3 Results
1.4 Discussion
References
2. Multi-Temporal Soil Salinity Assessment at a Detailed Scale for Discriminating Halophytes Distribution
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Objective
2.3 Methodology
2.4 Results and Discussion
2.5 Conclusions
References
3. Nutritional Value of Chenopodium quinoa Seeds Obtained from an Open Field Culture Under Saline Conditions
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Materials and Methods
3.3 Results and Discussion
3.4 Conclusion
References
4. Halophytes and Saline Vegetation of Afghanistan, a Potential Rich Source for People
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Methods
4.3 Results
4.4 Discussion
4.5 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
5. Comparison of Seed Production and Agronomic Traits of 20 Wild Accessions of Salicornia bigelovii Torr. Grown Under Greenhouse Conditions
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Materials and Methods
5.3 Results
5.4 Discussion
5.5 Conclusion
5.6 Acknowledgment
References
6. Carbon Mitigation: A Salt Marsh Ecosystem Service in Times of Change
6.1 Salt Marshes: Key Ecosystems
6.2 Salt Marsh Sediments: Sinks or Sources?
6.3 Halophytes: An Efficient Carbon Pump
6.4 Out-Welling Carbon
6.5 Hydrological Control of Carbon Stocks
6.6 Global Warming and Carbon Stocks
6.7 CO2 Rising in Salt Marshes: Improvement or Constraint?
6.8 Final Remarks
References
7. Food Security in the Face of Salinity, Drought, Climate Change, and Population Growth
7.1 Introduction
7.2 The Problem of Food Security
7.3 The Problem of Salinity in Agriculture
7.4 Fitting Crops to the Environment—A Place for Halophytes?
7.5 Concluding Remarks
References
8. The Importance of Mangrove Ecosystems for Nature Protection and Food Productivity: Actions of UNESCO’s Man and the Biosphere Programme
8.1 UNESCO Normative Tools to Ensure the Protection of the Environment and Its Wise Use
8.2 The MAB and Its World Network of Biosphere Reserves
8.3 Distribution and Socio-Economic and Environmental Importance of Mangrove Ecosystems
8.4 Actions of UNESCO’s MAB
8.5 Actions in Biosphere Reserves
8.6 Conclusion
References
9. The Potential Use of Halophytes for the Development of Marginal Dry Areas in Morocco
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Bio-Climate in Morocco
9.3 Biodiversity in Morocco
9.4 Vulnerability of Morocco to Climate Variations
9.5 Problems of Salinity in Morocco
9.6 Agriculture in Massa and Drâa Valleys
9.7 Potential Use of Halophytes in Areas Affected by Salinity
9.8 Youth Potential in Arid Areas in Morocco
9.9 Conclusion
References
10. Halophyte Transcriptomics: Understanding Mechanisms of Salinity Tolerance
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Transcriptome Sequencing Overview
10.3 Applications of RNA Studies
10.4 NGS Approaches for Salt-Tolerance Studies
10.5 Genes Involved in General Metabolism
10.6 Regulatory Molecules
10.7 LEA Protein Coding Genes
10.8 Other Genomic Elements
10.9 Pathways
10.10 Conclusions and Future Directions
Acknowledgment
References
11. Sustainable Diversity of Salt-Tolerant Fodder Crop–Livestock Production System Through Utilization of Saline Natural Resources: Egypt Case Study
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Egypt’s General Characteristics
11.3 General Characteristics of Project Location in Sinai Region
11.4 Main Activities and Results
11.5 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
12. Insights into the Ecology and the Salt Tolerance of the Halophyte Cakile maritima Using Multidisciplinary Approaches
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Latitudinal Distribution and Taxonomic Diversity
12.3 Dispersal and Environmental Adaptation
12.4 Basis of the Tolerance to Salinity
12.5 Cakile maritima: Model Halophyte for Future Research in Salt-Stress Physiology
References
13. Exogenous Chemical Treatments Have Differential Effects in Improving Salinity Tolerance of Halophytes
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Materials and Methods
13.3 Results
13.4 Discussion
13.5 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
14. Food and Water Security for Dry Regions: A New Paradigm
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Water and Food Production
14.3 Conventional Solutions
14.4 Nonconventional Solutions
14.5 Potential Uses of Halophytes
14.6 What We Have Done
14.7 Future Directions, Pitfalls, and Possibilities
References
15. Genetic and Environmental Management of Halophytes for Improved Livestock Production
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Potential Forage and Crop Solutions
15.3 Halophytes for Livestock
15.4 Current Limitations in the Use of Halophytes for Livestock Production
15.5 Genetic Improvement of Halophytes for Livestock
15.6 Environmental Manipulation
15.7 Conclusions
References
16. Drought and Salinity Differently Affect Growth and Secondary Metabolites of “Chenopodium quinoa Willd” Seedlings
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Materials and Methods
16.3 Results
16.4 Discussion
16.5 Conclusion
References
17. Germination Eco-Physiology and Plant Diversity in Halophytes of Sundarban Mangrove Forest in Bangladesh
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Materials and Methods
17.3 Results and Discussion
References
18. Halophytic Plant Diversity of Unique Habitats in Turkey: Salt Mine Caves of Çankırı and Iğdır
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Study Areas
18.3 Halophyte Diversity
18.4 Economical Evaluations
18.5 Medicinal and Aromatic Halophytes in Çankırı and Iğdır Provinces
18.6 Conclusions
References
19. Halophytes as a Possible Alternative to Desalination Plants: Prospects of Recycling Saline Wastewater During Coal Seam Gas Operations
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Materials and Methods
19.3 Results and Discussion
19.4 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Index
No. of pages: 360
Language: English
Published: September 15, 2015
Imprint: Academic Press
Paperback ISBN: 9780128018545
eBook ISBN: 9780128018804
MK
Muhammad Ajmal Khan
Affiliations and expertise
Qatar University, Qatar
MO
Munir Ozturk
Dr. Munir Ozturk (Ph.D) holds Ph.D. and D.Sc. degrees from the Ege University, Turkiye. He is currently acting as the “Vice President of the Islamic World Academy of Sciences”and is also Fellow of the Islamic World Academy of Science. Dr. Ozturk has been honored as the “Foreign Fellow Pakistan Academy of Science”. He has served at the Ege University-Turkiye for more than 50 years in different positions, has been Founder Director of the Centre for Environmental Studies, Ege University, and Chairman of the Botany Department and Director of the Botanical Garden. Sideritis ozturkii and Verbascum ozturkii are 2 newly recorded endemic plant species from Turkiye in his name. His fields of scientific interest are; pollution & biomonitoring; biosaline agriculture; plant ecophysiology, medicinal and aromatic plants conservation. Dr. Ozturk has published almost 60 books with internationally known publishers including Springer, Elsevier,Taylor & Francis, Wiley and few others. His biodata shows more than 90 book chapters and 200 papers in international journals; 120 with impact factor. He has also presented 125 papers at the International Meetings and 85 at the National Meetings. Dr. Munir has served as a guest editor for more than 13 journals; holds more than 20 Memberships of “Institutions and Professional Bodies”; has been recognized by more than 12 “National and International Bodies”; has received fellowships from the globally recognized Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Japanese Society for Promotion of Science, and the National Science Foundation of the USA. He has also worked as consultant fellow at the Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia; and as Distinguished Visiting Scientist at International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, ICCBS-TWAS, Karachi University, Pakistan.
Affiliations and expertise
Professor / Researcher, Ege University, Bornova Izmir, Turkey