Genetic Toxicology Testing
A Laboratory Manual
- 1st Edition - May 27, 2016
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Editor: Ray Proudlock
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 0 0 7 6 4 - 8
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 0 1 0 0 6 - 8
Genetic Toxicology Testing: A Laboratory Manual presents a practical guide to genetic toxicology testing of chemicals in a GLP environment. The most commonly used assays are descr… Read more
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Genetic Toxicology Testing: A Laboratory Manual
presents a practical guide to genetic toxicology testing of chemicals in a GLP environment. The most commonly used assays are described, from laboratory and test design to results analysis. In a methodical manner, individual test methods are described step-by-step, along with equipment, suggested suppliers, recipes for reagents, and evaluation criteria.An invaluable resource in the lab, this book will help to troubleshoot any assay problems you may encounter to optimise quality and efficiency in your genetic toxicology tests. Genetic Toxicology Testing: A Laboratory Manual is an essential reference for those new to the genetic toxicology laboratory, or anyone involved in setting up their own.
- Offers practical and consistent guidance on the most commonly-performed tests and procedures in a genetic toxicology lab
- Describes standard genetic toxicology assays, their methodology, reagents, suppliers, and analysis of their results
- Includes guidance on general approaches: formulation for in vitro assays, study monitoring, and Good Laboratory Practice (GLP)
- Serves as an essential reference for those new to the genetic toxicology laboratory, or anyone involved in setting up their own lab
Graduate students and professional researchers in toxicology and pharmaceutical science
- List of Contributors
- Foreword
- Preface
- References
- Chapter 1. A Practical Guide to Genetic Toxicology Testing
- Abstract
- 1.1 Introduction
- References
- Chapter 2. General Recommendations
- Abstract
- 2.1 Establishing a New Assay
- 2.2 Spreadsheets and Manipulation of Results
- 2.3 Laboratory Historical Control Databases
- 2.4 Use of Computer Systems
- 2.5 Study Design
- 2.6 Evaluation Criteria
- 2.7 Organization of SOPs
- 2.8 Planning a Study
- 2.9 Preparing a Protocol Complying with GLP
- 2.10 Collecting Results
- 2.11 Reports
- 2.12 Training
- 2.13 Improving Quality and Efficiency
- 2.14 QA
- 2.15 Qualifying a Contract Laboratory
- 2.16 Responsibilities of the Study Monitor
- References
- Chapter 3. Formulation of Test Articles
- Abstract
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Formulation Laboratories
- 3.3 Safety Data Sheets
- 3.4 Receipt of the Test Article
- 3.5 Formulation Types and Planning
- 3.6 Solubility and In Vitro Compatibility Testing
- 3.7 Formulation of Dose Solutions
- 3.8 Formulation of Bulk Formulations
- 3.9 Formulation of Suspensions
- 3.10 Chemical Analysis and Stability
- References
- Chapter 4. The Bacterial Reverse Mutation Test
- Abstract
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 History
- 4.3 Fundamentals
- 4.4 Equipment
- 4.5 Consumables
- 4.6 Reagents and Recipes
- 4.7 Suggested Phases in Development of the Test
- 4.8 The Bacterial Strains
- 4.9 Routine Testing
- 4.10 Standard Test Procedures
- 4.11 Screening Tests
- 4.12 Appendix 1: Growing and Monitoring Suspension Cultures
- References
- Chapter 5. The Mouse Lymphoma TK Assay
- Abstract
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 History
- 5.3 Provenance of the Cells
- 5.4 Spontaneous Mutation Frequency
- 5.5 Materials
- 5.6 Study Design
- 5.7 Evaluation Criteria
- 5.8 Predictivity of the MLA
- References
- Chapter 6. The In Vitro Micronucleus Assay
- Abstract
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 Practical Considerations
- 6.3 Methods
- 6.4 Materials
- 6.5 Protocols
- 6.6 Flow Cytometric Method
- References
- Chapter 7. The In Vitro Chromosome Aberration Test
- Abstract
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 History
- 7.3 Fundamentals
- 7.4 Equipment
- 7.5 Consumables and Reagents
- 7.6 Reagents and Recipes
- 7.7 Phases in Development of the Test
- 7.8 Cell Characterization
- 7.9 Routine Testing
- 7.10 Standard Test Procedures
- 7.11 Interpretation of Results
- 7.12 Screening Versions of the Test
- 7.13 Automation
- References
- Chapter 8. The In Vivo Rodent Micronucleus Assay
- Abstract
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2 History
- 8.3 Fundamentals
- 8.4 Test Substance Considerations
- 8.5 Study Design
- 8.6 Manual Methods
- 8.7 Automated Analysis and Flow Cytometry
- 8.8 Study Validity
- 8.9 Interpretation of Results and Statistical Analysis
- 8.10 Nongenotoxic Mechanisms of Induction of Micronucleated Erythrocytes
- 8.11 Limitations of the Rodent Erythrocyte Micronucleus Test
- References
- Chapter 9. The Rodent Bone Marrow Chromosomal Aberration Test
- Abstract
- 9.1 Introduction
- 9.2 History
- 9.3 Related Methods
- 9.4 Study Design and Performance
- 9.5 Terminal Procedures
- Appendix
- References
- Chapter 10. The In Vivo Comet Assay Test
- Abstract
- 10.1 Introduction
- 10.2 The In Vivo Comet Assay in Regulatory Safety Testing
- 10.3 Fundamentals
- 10.4 Equipment and Nondisposable Supplies
- 10.5 Consumables
- 10.6 Reagents and Solutions
- 10.7 Test System
- 10.8 Study Design Considerations
- 10.9 Standard Test Procedures
- 10.10 Data and Reporting
- 10.11 Evaluating Unclear Results
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Chapter 11. The Pig-a Endogenous Gene Mutation Assay
- Abstract
- 11.1 Introduction
- 11.2 History
- 11.3 Fundamentals
- 11.4 Study Design
- 11.5 Equipment
- 11.6 Consumables
- 11.7 Reagents and Recipes
- 11.8 Method Overview
- 11.9 Blood Collection
- 11.10 Leukodepletion and Platelet Removal
- 11.11 Sample Labeling
- 11.12 Column Separation and Sample Staining
- 11.13 Flow Cytometric Analysis: 96-Well Plate-Based Protocol
- 11.14 Tabulating and Summarizing Results
- 11.15 Evaluation and Interpretation of Results
- 11.16 Flow Cytometric Template Preparation
- 11.17 Example Plots
- 11.18 Storage and Shipment of Blood Samples
- 11.19 Aspiration of Postcolumn Samples
- References
- Index
- Edition: 1
- Published: May 27, 2016
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Language: English
RP
Ray Proudlock
Ray Proudlock graduated from Thames Polytechnic in Woolwich in 1974. His first laboratory jobs involved plant tissue culture and DNA turnover in cultured lymphocytes. Subsequently, he performed and supervised a wide range of genetic toxicology assays at Huntingdon Life Sciences (HLS, now Envigo), the third largest contract toxicology company in the world. He specialized in practical improvement of the quality and efficiency of test methods, many of which are still in routine use including Ames, in vivo micronucleus, in vitro and in vivo chromosome aberration. While at Huntingdon, he was awarded a master's degree for work on in vitro and in vivo UDS by Swansea University, which remains the academic center of excellence for genetox in the UK.
After 21 years, he left HLS as a principal toxicologist responsible for all in vivo genetox to move to Charles River Laboratories (CRL) in Montreal, Quebec, the largest toxicology facility in the world. At Montreal, he designed the laboratories then established and managed the new Genetic Toxicology facility. He trained the staff and helped set up and validate all the current standard assays from Ames to in vivo comet. The department soon established a sound reputation for quality and on-time reporting in a minimum time-frame while achieving rapid growth and good profitability. He was also responsible for heading the in vitro and in vivo drug metabolism department for a temporary (6-month) period during this time. Ray left CRL after 11 years and has since worked as a Principal Toxicologist at Bausch and Lomb (specializing in ophthalmic drugs and medical devices), as Scientific Director at Moltox (responsible for genetic toxicology testing product improvement and development) and as an independent consultant in genetic toxicology.
He has authored or co-authored numerous technical papers on genetic toxicology testing and was directly involved in the international validation of the rat micronucleus test and its integration into longer-term toxicology tests. During his career, he has trained many technical and scientific staff, written and reviewed many thousands of genetox reports and has directed innumerable studies intended for regulatory submission under European, Japanese, North American and OECD GLPs. He has worked on all sorts of materials including gases, diesel exhaust, dyes and pharmaceutical impurities. He plays squash well and golf badly.
Affiliations and expertise
Boone, North Carolina, USARead Genetic Toxicology Testing on ScienceDirect