Functional Safety from Scratch
A Practical Guide to Process Industry Applications
- 1st Edition - March 12, 2023
- Author: Peter Clarke
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 5 2 3 0 - 6
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 5 2 3 1 - 3
Functional safety is the task of developing and implementing automatic safety systems used to manage risks in many industries where hazardous processes and machinery are used. Fu… Read more
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Request a sales quoteFunctional safety is the task of developing and implementing automatic safety systems used to manage risks in many industries where hazardous processes and machinery are used. Functional Safety from Scratch: A Practical Guide to Process Industry Applications provides a practical guide to functional safety, as applied in the chemical process industry, including the oil and gas, petrochemical, pharmaceutical and energy sectors. Written by a seasoned professional with many years of functional safety experience, this book explains the purpose of the relevant international standard IEC 61511 and how to achieve compliance efficiently. It provides in-depth coverage of the entire lifecycle of a functional safety system, assuming no prior knowledge of functional safety and only a basic understanding of process safety concepts. SIL assessment, the functional safety management plan, the safety requirements specification, verification, validation and functional safety assessment are covered in particular detail.
Functional Safety from Scratch: A Practical Guide to Process Industry Applications is a highly practical source for process and instrumentation engineers, engineering managers and consultants, whether new to the field or already experienced.
- Focuses on the ‘how to’ aspects of functional safety
- Provides detailed explanation and guidance on how to develop the safety requirements specification
- Includes extensive coverage of safety lifecycle verification, SIS validation, and functional safety assessment
- Provides numerous practical exercises to confirm understanding and promote further thought
- Includes tips for those preparing for functional safety examinations
- Oriented towards an international audience, especially those for whom English is not their first language
Process safety specialists and process engineers in the process industries. Process industry – chemicals, pharmaceuticals, oil and gas, petrochemicals, fine chemicals. Graduate engineers, early career process engineers, early and mid-career instrumentation engineers, process safety consultants, process safety specialists
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- About the author
- Acknowledgements
- Abbreviations
- Glossary
- Introduction
- Which industries are covered?
- Who is the book suitable for?
- Who developed this book?
- Chapter 1. Introduction to functional safety
- 1.1. What could possibly go wrong?
- 1.2. Hazard and risk
- 1.3. Functional safety standards: IEC 61508 and IEC 61511
- 1.4. IEC 61511 key concepts
- 1.5. The structure of IEC 61511
- 1.6. The origins of IEC 61511
- Exercises
- Answers
- Chapter 2. Basic terminology: SIF, SIS and SIL
- 2.1. The meaning of SIF, SIS and SIL
- 2.2. Anatomy of a SIF
- 2.3. Development of a SIF
- 2.4. Failure
- Exercises
- Answers
- Chapter 3. Risk evaluation
- 3.1. Identifying hazardous scenarios
- 3.2. Expressing risk in numbers
- 3.3. Tolerable risk
- 3.4. How much precision is needed?
- 3.5. The ALARP concept
- Exercises
- Answers
- Chapter 4. Introduction to SIL assessment
- 4.1. Safety instrumented function (SIF) operating modes
- 4.2. The objectives of SIL assessment
- 4.3. Identifying and documenting SIFs
- 4.4. Separating complex interlocks into SIFs
- 4.5. The double jeopardy rule
- 4.6. Independent protection layers
- 4.7. Critical common element analysis
- Exercises
- Answers
- Chapter 5. SIL assessment methodology
- 5.1. Introduction
- 5.2. Overview of SIL assessment methods
- 5.3. Selecting initiating events
- 5.4. Assessing the likelihood of initiating events
- 5.5. Assessing the consequence severity
- 5.6. Documenting the SIL assessment study
- 5.7. Risk matrix method
- 5.8. Risk Graph method
- 5.9. Layer of protection analysis (LOPA)
- 5.10. Fault tree analysis
- 5.11. Cost/benefit analysis
- 5.12. The SIL assessment workshop
- Exercises
- Answers
- Chapter 6. SIL assessment: special topics
- 6.1. Redundant initiators
- 6.2. Redundant safety functions
- 6.3. One SIF—two hazards
- 6.4. The IPLs vary depending on demand case
- 6.5. The demand case is activation of another SIF
- 6.6. One SIF cascades to another
- 6.7. Initiating event involves multiple simultaneous failures
- 6.8. Permissives
- 6.9. Multiple sensors distributed across a wide area
- 6.10. Operator action as initiator
- 6.11. Duty and standby pumps
- 6.12. Alarms from cascade control loops
- 6.13. Final elements are shared between the basic process control system (BPCS) and the SIS
- 6.14. Selecting primary final elements
- Exercises
- Answers
- Chapter 7. Key functional safety documents
- 7.1. The how and why of documentation
- 7.2. The functional safety management plan
- 7.3. The Safety Requirements Specification (SRS)
- 7.4. The safety manual
- 7.5. Maximising the effectiveness of documentation
- 7.6. Complete overview of functional safety documentation
- Exercises
- Answers
- Chapter 8. Safety instrumented system design
- 8.1. The goal of SIS basic design
- 8.2. PLC-based logic solvers
- 8.3. Selection of field devices
- 8.4. Independence
- 8.5. Non-PLC based logic solvers
- 8.6. What comes next?
- Chapter 9. Meeting SIL requirements: SIL verification
- 9.1. What it takes to achieve a given SIL
- 9.2. Calculating the random hardware failure measure
- 9.3. More on proof testing
- 9.4. Architectural constraints
- 9.5. SIL capability and SIL certification
- 9.6. Calculating predicted spurious trip rate
- 9.7. What to do if SIS design targets are not met
- Exercises
- Answers
- Chapter 10. Assurance of functional safety
- 10.1. Introduction
- 10.2. Verification
- 10.3. Validation
- 10.4. Functional safety assessment
- 10.5. Functional safety audit
- Exercises
- Answers
- Chapter 11. The SIS operational phase
- 11.1. Introduction
- 11.2. Training requirements
- 11.3. Proof testing
- 11.4. Monitoring of SIS performance
- 11.5. SIS modifications and partial decommissioning
- 11.6. Future challenges
- 11.7. Closing thoughts
- Exercises
- Answers
- Appendix A. Sample verification checklist
- Appendix B. What is affected by SIL
- Index
- No. of pages: 354
- Language: English
- Edition: 1
- Published: March 12, 2023
- Imprint: Elsevier
- Paperback ISBN: 9780443152306
- eBook ISBN: 9780443152313
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