Foundations of the Mind, Brain, and Behavioral Relationships

Understanding Physiological Psychology

1st Edition - August 23, 2023
Authors: Jahangir Moini, Anthony LoGalbo, Raheleh Ahangari
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 5 9 7 5 - 9
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 5 9 7 6 - 6

Foundations of the Mind, Brain, and Behavioral Relationships: Understanding Physiological Psychology is an engaging introduction into neuroscience, and the portions of the nervo… Read more

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Foundations of the Mind, Brain, and Behavioral Relationships: Understanding Physiological Psychology is an engaging introduction into neuroscience, and the portions of the nervous system, perception, and the clinical considerations in physiological psychology. "Clinical Applications" appear throughout the chapters and provide real-world examples of brain–behavior relationships, and how the nervous system interacts with other body systems to create a specific behavior. Creating an interactive experience for learners, this volume connects the study of neuroanatomy and neurophysiology with clinically relevant topics, ranging from stress and eating disorders to substance abuse, major affective disorders, and schizophrenia. Integrating the foundations of neuroscience with disorders encountered in clinical practice serves as a foundation to better understand the clinical bases of these conditions. Coauthored by clinical neuropsychologists, this book is for those interested in learning about the underpinnings of the mind, brain, and human behaviors in normal and divergent functioning.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Dedication
About the authors
Preface
Acknowledgments
Part I. Neuroscience
Chapter 1. Introduction
Overview
The human brain
Mind-body considerations
Concepts of consciousness
Eugenics and related implications
Key terms
Chapter 2. Genetics and behavior
Overview
Deoxyribonucleic acid
The study of genetics
Chromosomes
Chromosomal abnormalities
Genes
Genetic abnormalities
Key terms
Chapter 3. Neural tissue
Overview
Cells of the nervous system
Cell membrane potential
Synapses
Neuronal integration of excitatory and inhibitory stimuli
Degeneration and regeneration of nerve cells
Key terms
Chapter 4. Neurotransmitters and synaptic transmission
Overview
Classifications of neurotransmitters
Functional considerations
Clinical considerations
Key terms
Chapter 5. Characteristics of the nervous system
Overview
Divisions of the nervous system
Brain divisions
Basal nuclei
Diencephalon
Brainstem
Cerebellum
The limbic system
The reticular formation
The interconnected structures of the brain and mental functions
Spinal cord
Key terms
Chapter 6. Autonomic nervous system
Overview
Somatic nervous system versus autonomic nervous system
Autonomic outflow system
Sympathetic division
Parasympathetic division
Efferent pathways and ganglia
Autonomic plexuses
Autonomic innervation of the head
Visceral afferent pathways
Visceral neurons and reflexes
Cholinergic receptors
Adrenergic receptors
Hierarchy of the autonomic nervous system
Functional considerations
Key terms
Chapter 7. Sensation and perception
Overview
Sensation
Bottom-up and top-down processing
Sensory receptors of the brain
Thresholds
Key terms
Chapter 8. The visual system
Overview
Accessory structures of the eye
Structures of the eye
Photoreceptors
Functional structure of photoreceptors
Visual pathway to the brain
Key terms
Chapter 9. The auditory system
Overview
Structures of the ear
Properties of sound
The hearing process
Hearing tests
Equilibrium
Key terms
Chapter 10. The senses of smell, taste, and touch
Overview
The sense of smell
The sense of taste
The sense of touch
Key terms
Chapter 11. Regulation of movement
Overview
Muscle types
Skeletal muscles
Involvement of the central nervous system
Motor skills
Types of body movements
Processes of movements in infants
Effects of aging on the muscular system
Apraxia
Key terms
Chapter 12. Consciousness
Overview
The brain and consciousness
Awareness levels
Sleep and sleep–wake cycles
Dreams
Hypnosis
Key terms
Chapter 13. Cognitive functions
Overview
Learning classifications
The learning process
Memory and intelligence
Executive skill
Facial expression and cognition
Comprehension
Cognitive disorders
Aphasias
Alexia
Agraphia
Key terms
Chapter 14. Emotions
Overview
Biological factors
Theories of emotion
Cognitive factors
Behavioral factors
Sociocultural factors
Classifying emotions
Adaptive functions
Happiness
Sadness
Fear
Anger
Surprise
Disgust
Inhibition and impulse control
Key terms
Part II. Clinical considerations of physiological psychology
Chapter 15. Neurological disorders
Overview
Cerebrovascular accident
Neurodegenerative disorders
Seizures
Traumatic brain injury
Brain and spinal tumors
Clinical cases
Key terms
Chapter 16. Acute and chronic stress
Overview
Acute stress disorder
Anxiety
Posttraumatic stress disorder
Adjustment disorders
Clinical cases
Key terms
Chapter 17. Affective disorders
Overview
Major depressive disorder
Persistent depressive disorder
Bipolar I disorder
Bipolar II disorder
Cyclothymic disorder
Suicide
Homicide
Clinical cases
Key terms
Chapter 18. Schizophrenic disorders
Overview
Schizophrenia
Brief psychotic disorder
Delusional disorder
Schizoaffective disorder
Schizophreniform disorder
Clinical cases
Key terms
Chapter 19. Dissociative disorders
Overview
Dissociative amnesia
Dissociative fugue
Depersonalization/derealization disorders
Dissociative identity disorder
Clinical cases
Key terms
Chapter 20. Personality disorders
Overview
Paranoid personality disorder
Schizoid personality disorder
Schizotypal personality disorder
Antisocial personality disorder
Borderline personality disorder
Histrionic personality disorder
Narcissistic personality disorder
Avoidant personality disorder
Dependent personality disorder
Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
Clinical cases
Key terms
Chapter 21. Eating disorders
Overview
Bulimia nervosa
Binge-eating disorder
Anorexia nervosa
Pica
Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder
Rumination disorder
Clinical cases
Key terms
Chapter 22. Sleep–wake disorders
Overview
Physiology of sleep
Insomnia
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
Restless legs syndrome
Circadian rhythm disorders
Sleep–wake disturbances
Sleep during pregnancy
Sleep disorders of childhood
Clinical cases
Key terms
Chapter 23. Substance abuse
Overview
Substance-induced mental disorders
Substance intoxication and withdrawal
Scheduled drugs
Alcohol
Cannabis
Sedatives and hypnotics
Opioids and fentanyl awareness
Stimulant drugs
Hallucinogens
Anabolic steroids
Clinical cases
Key terms
Chapter 24. Sexuality and reproductive disorders
Overview
Sexual biology
Female sexuality
Male sexuality
Homosexuality
Gender dysphoria
Paraphilias
Clinical cases
Key terms
Glossary
Index

Jahangir Moini

Dr. Moini is an international author of 38 medical textbooks for various publishers including Elsevier, McGraw-Hill, Pearson, Jones & Bartlett Learning, Cengage Learning, and Routledge. In addition to continuing his venture as an author, he has been a professor for over 40 years. He is a retired professor with the Eastern Florida State College Science & Health Department. Previously, Dr. Moini was an assistant professor at Tehran University Medical School, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine. For 18 years, he was the Director of Epidemiology for the Brevard County Health Department. He was also Director of Allied Health at Everest University for 15 years.

Affiliations and expertise

Retired Professor, Science and Health Department, Eastern Florida State College, FL, USA

Anthony LoGalbo

Dr. LoGalbo is a Board Certified Clinical Neuropsychologist and Associate Professor in the School of Psychology at Florida Tech in Melbourne, Florida, where he teaches graduate coursework and conducts applied research in the clinical psychology (PsyD) program. He is also the clinical director and primary supervisor of Florida Tech's Sports Concussion Management Program, and the clinical neuropsychology director at the Health First Florida Memory Disorder Clinic. Previously, he was in clinical practice at Florida Hospital (AdventHealth) in Orlando, serving both inpatients and outpatients through the Neuroscience Institute and Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation. Educationally, he earned a PhD in medical/clinical psychology with a focus on neuropsychology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham

Affiliations and expertise

Associate Professor, Florida Institute of Technology, School of Psychology, FL, USA

Raheleh Ahangari

Dr. Ahangari is an Associate Professor in the Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences (BSBS) at the University of Central Florida (UCF) College of Medicine, teaching Human Physiology, Clinical Embryology and Clinical Endocrinology at undergraduate and graduate levels. She received her Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree from Carol Davila Medical University, Bucharest, Romania and completed her graduate neuroscience courses in the department of Cell Biology and Pathology in the Faculty of Medicine in the University of Salamanca. She received an Assistant Professor position in Anatomy at Saba University School of Medicine, Saba, Netherlands-Antilles in 2003. She joined the BSBS and Dr. H. Daniel’s lab in 2005, looking for the therapeutic effects of oral delivery of pro-insulin conjugated to cholera toxin-B subunit produced in tobacco and lettuce fed to diabetic mice (2005-2006). Dr. Ahangari is a graduate faculty scholar and she has directed several master capstone projects, undergraduate honors in major and independent studies in endocrine and metabolic disorders.

Affiliations and expertise

Associate Professor, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences and College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA