Foods, Nutrients and Food Ingredients with Authorised EU Health Claims

1: Regulatory developments with European health claims

• Abstract
• 1.1 Introduction
• 1.2 Health claim authorisations
• 1.3 On-hold Article 13.1 claims
• 1.4 Children’s development and health claims
• 1.5 Non-authorised claims with positive opinions
• 1.6 Generic claims vs. brands
• 1.7 Nutrient profiles
• 1.8 Generic descriptors
• 1.9 Challenging areas
• 1.10 Balance of health claim approvals in relation to a healthy diet
• 1.11 Revisions to EFSA guidance
• 1.12 Commercial value of health claims
• 1.13 Conclusions
• 1.14 Sources of further information and advice

Part One: Authorised disease risk reduction claims and proprietary claims

2: Authorised EU health claims for phytosterols

• Abstract
• 2.1 Introduction to dietary phytosterols and cholesterol lowering
• 2.2 Views of medical and scientific bodies on phytosterols
• 2.3 Regulatory classification of foods with added phytosterols and mandatory labelling
• 2.4 Safety of phytosterols
• 2.5 Authorised health claims in Europe related to phytosterols
• 2.6 Selection of sources of further information and advice on phytosterols

3: Authorised EU health claim for slowly digestible starch

• Abstract
• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 Characterisation of SDS
• 3.3 Authorised EU health claim
• 3.4 Other relevant legislation
• 3.5 Importance/potential of the claim in product development
• 3.6 Consumer issues
• 3.7 Conclusion

4: Authorised EU health claim for cocoa flavanols

• Abstract
• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Characterisation of cocoa and its flavanols
• 4.3 Cocoa flavanols and EU health claims
• 4.4 Commercialisation of health claim – Guilt-free indulgence?
• 4.5 Future trends in scientific research
• 4.6 Conclusions

Part Two: Ingredients with permitted ‘general function’ health claims

5: Authorised EU health claims for oat and barley grain fibre

• Abstract
• 5.1 Introduction
• 5.2 Authorised Article 13.1 claim
• 5.3 Summary of substantiating evidence
• 5.4 Faecal bulking claims: some general considerations
• 5.5 Other relevant legislation
• 5.6 Conditions of use, warning labels and safety issues
• 5.7 Consumer issues and how the claims are being used in practice
• 5.8 Future trends
• 5.9 Conclusions
• 5.10 Sources of further information and advice

6: Authorised EU health claims for wheat bran fibre

• Abstract
• 6.1 Introduction
• 6.2 Authorised Article 13.1 claims for WBF
• 6.3 Summary of substantiating evidence
• 6.4 Other relevant legislation
• 6.5 Conditions of use, warning labels and safety issues
• 6.6 Consumer issues
• 6.7 How the claims are being used in practice
• 6.8 Future trends
• 6.9 Conclusions

7: Authorised EU health claim for rye fibre

• Abstract
• 7.1 Introduction
• 7.2 Characterisation of the food
• 7.3 Authorised EU health claims
• 7.4 Claims not permitted for rye fibre
• 7.5 Other scientific reviews on the health effects of rye fibre
• 7.6 Consumer issues
• 7.7 Conclusions

8: Authorised EU health claim for red yeast rice

• Abstract
• 8.1 Introduction
• 8.2 Characterisation of red yeast rice and monacolin K
• 8.3 Health effects of red yeast rice
• 8.4 Legislative status of red yeast rice
• 8.5 Analysis of the two EFSA opinions on red yeast rice (Articles 13.1 and 13.5)
• 8.6 Interest of the red yeast rice health claims for the food supplement market
• 8.7 Future trends
• 8.8 Conclusions

9: Authorised EU health claims on pectins

• Abstract
• 9.1 Introduction
• 9.2 Structure and function of pectins
• 9.3 Food sources of pectins
• 9.4 The EFSA’s scientific assessment of pectin’s health effects
• 9.5 Other potential benefits
• 9.6 Relevant European legislation pertaining to the use of pectins in food and food supplements
• 9.7 Conclusions

10: Authorised EU health claims for glucomannan, guar gum and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

• Abstract
• 10.1 Introduction
• 10.2 Characterisation of glucomannan, guar gum and HPMC
• 10.3 Authorised European health claims for glucomannan, guar gum and HPMC
• 10.4 Summary of substantiating evidence
• 10.5 Consumer perception and understanding of health claims
• 10.6 Importance and potential of glucomannan, guar gum and HPMC health claims in product development
• 10.7 Conclusions

11: Authorised EU health claim for fructose

• Abstract
• 11.1 Introduction
• 11.2 Characterisation of fructose
• 11.3 Authorised EU health claim on fructose
• 11.4 Consumer issues
• 11.5 Potential of the claim in product development
• 11.6 Conclusions
• 11.7 Sources of further information and advice

Part Three: Foods and nutrients with permitted ‘general function’ health claims

12: Authorised EU health claims for the essential fatty acids: n-6 linoleic (18:2n-6) and n-3 α-linolenic (18:3n-3) acids

• Abstract
• 12.1 Introduction
• 12.2 Background
• 12.3 EFSA positive opinions and EC-authorised health claims for n-6 linoleic and n-3 linolenic acids
• 12.4 Possible future areas for positive opinions and EC authorisation for LA and ALA and health effects
• 12.5 General conclusions
• 12.6 Sources of further information

13: Authorised EU health claims for DHA and EPA

• Abstract
• 13.1 Introduction
• 13.2 Characterisation and sources
• 13.3 Authorised health claims
• 13.4 Non-authorised health claims
• 13.5 Source claims
• 13.6 Dietary intakes
• 13.7 Other considerations
• 13.8 Consumer concerns
• 13.9 Future trends
• 13.10 Conclusions

14: Authorised EU health claim for foods with a low or reduced content of saturated fatty acids

• Abstract
• 14.1 Introduction
• 14.2 Characterisation of the substance
• 14.3 Authorised EU health claim: low or reduced SFAs
• 14.4 Other relevant legislation
• 14.5 Consumer issues
• 14.6 Potential impact of the claim on product development
• 14.7 Future trends
• 14.8 Conclusions
• 14.9 Sources of further information and advice

15: Authorised EU health claim for foods with a low or reduced content of sodium

• Abstract
• 15.1 Introduction
• 15.2 Characterisation of sodium/salt
• 15.3 Sodium/salt in the diet – What is the issue?
• 15.4 Authorised EU health claim
• 15.5 Other relevant legislation
• 15.6 How the claim is being used in practice
• 15.7 Consumer issues
• 15.8 Potential of the claim in product development and future trends
• 15.9 Conclusions
• 15.10 Sources of further information and advice

16: Authorised EU health claim for dried plums/prunes

• Abstract
• 16.1 Introduction
• 16.2 Process for authorisation of the claim
• 16.3 Characterisation
• 16.4 Target population
• 16.5 Claim wording
• 16.6 Substantiating evidence
• 16.7 Conditions of use
• 16.8 Mechanism of action
• 16.9 Consumer issues
• 16.10 Commercial importance of the claim and future trends
• 16.11 Conclusions
• 16.12 Sources of further information and advice